Overview of January 6 EEA Event
Chad Thompson
Manager, Operations Support
ROS
ERCOT Public
March 6, 2014
Event Summary – January 6, 2014
• At 6:52, ERCOT declared Level 1 of its Energy Emergency Alert
(EEA) and declared EEA Level 2 at 7:01, primarily due to the loss of a
number of generating units
• Non-Spin Reserve Service (NSRS), Load Resources (LR) and
Emergency Response Service (ERS) were deployed, but firm load
shed was not required
• ERCOT moved from EEA2 to EEA1 at 7:51 and resumed normal
operations at 9:12
• Generation outages & derates peaked at 9355 MW just before 07:00,
with 3541 MW due to weather
• Hourly peak demand was 55,487 MW for HE08 and instantaneous
peak demand was 56,478 MW at 07:08:24
2
Timeline – January 6, 2014 EEA
ERCOT issued EEA
Level 1 for PRC
below 2300 MW
ERCOT issued
EEA Level 2 for
PRC below 1750
MW
Watch issued
due to PRC
below 2500
MW
06:37 AM
06:42 AM
06:52 AM
06:42 AM
06:52 AM
07:01 AM
07:51 AM
ERCOT recalled
EEA Level 2. EEA
Level 1 remains
in effect
07:56 AM
ERCOT recalled
30 minute ERS
07:58 AM
ERCOT recalled
10 minute ERS.
06:57 AM
07:02 AM
ERCOT deployed
Non-Spin for 187
MW
ERCOT
deployed
Group 1 RRS
for 546.36 MW
ERCOT deployed RRS to
Generators for frequency
below 59.91 Hz
ERCOT deployed
Group 2 RRS for
536.24 MW
ERCOT deployed
30 minute ERS
for 111.68 MW
07:05 AM
07:43 AM
ERCOT deployed
10 minute ERS
for 508.72 MW
07:13 AM
ERCOT recalled
all RRS from
Generators due
to frequency
above 59.91 Hz
ERCOT recalled
all Group 2 RRS
07:50 AM
ERCOT recalled
all Group 1 RRS
EEA Level 1
cancelled. Watch
remains in effect.
Watch terminated
as PRC was above
3000 MW
09:12 AM
09:55 AM
08:10 :36 AM
ERCOT recalled all NonSpin
08:10:48 AM
ERCOT deployed RRS
to Generators for
frequency below 59.91
Hz
08:17 AM
ERCOT recalled all RRS
from Generators due
to frequency above
59.91 Hz
3
EEA Steps
EEA procedure in the ERCOT Protocols defined by levels
1
Maintain 2,300 MW of on-line reserves
2
Maintain 1,750 MW of on-line reserves. Interrupt loads providing
Responsive Reserve Service. Interrupt loads providing Emergency
Response Service (ERS).
3
Maintain System frequency at or above 59.8 Hz and instruct TSPs
and DSPs to shed firm load in rotating blocks.
4
Event Highlights
• Weather was warmer than February 2 2011
• Load and Wind Forecast error were within acceptable margins
• 9355 MW forced out/derated/failed to start by HE07; 3541 MW due to
weather, and 2468 MW planned out & 2938 MW forced out going into
the operating day (14,761 MW)
• 97 units experienced forced outages/derates, or failure to start from
00:00 to 23:59 on 1/6/14
• 1 unit committed in DRUC, no units committed in HRUC
• Responsive Reserve from generation was deployed in response to
low frequency events
• Load Resource performance was 94 %
• SCED was able to manage congestion
5
Forecast Comparison
• Weather was warmer than February 2, 2011, and cooler than January
7 when the load was higher (57,277 MW)
• MTLF MAPE was 2.29 % for the day (metric is 3.5-4%)
• WPF Error was 8.1 % for the day (2013 average was 8.3%)
Dallas
Temp
2-Feb-11
6-Jan-14
EEA2
56,031 MW Load HE20
7-Jan-14
13/14 Winter Peak
57,277 MW Load HE08
5AM
6AM
7AM
8AM
5AM
6AM
7AM
8AM
5AM
6AM
7AM
8AM
Houston
Austin
San Antonio
Brownsville
Midland
Wind Temp
Wind Temp
Wind Temp
Wind Temp
Wind Temp
Wind
14
17
22
10
18
20
20
13
34
18
9
17
14
15
21
14
19
17
20
20
33
13
8
15
14
20
21
16
19
18
20
17
33
20
7
16
13
20
22
18
19
18
20
16
33
16
7
16
2
7
6
-8
7
3
11
-2
10
3
7
4
2
2
7
1
5
2
10
4
10
-2
8
2
1
12
6
0
3
3
8
3
9
6
7
3
4
11
5
9
3
5
7
1
9
-1
7
4
8
8
1
5
0
20
5
13
5
9
11
17
8
6
3
14
-4
13
4
20
7
5
12
9
7
11
3
16
-3
18
4
17
8
12
14
9
8
11
1
14
-4
18
4
16
9
9
14
10
Temperature values shown indicate degrees warmer at this time than same time on 2/2/2011
Wind values shown indicate MPH higher wind on 2/1/2011 than at this time
6
Generation Outages
Note: This does not include outages which occurred before midnight
on January 6
7
Generation Outages
Note: This does not include outages which occurred before midnight
on January 6
8
Reserves
9
6000
60.1
5000
60.05
4000
60
3000
59.95
2000
59.9
1000
59.85
0
06:00
06:30
07:00
07:30
08:00
08:30
09:00
09:30
Frequency (Hz)
Pyhsical Responsive Capability (MW)
Frequency & Physical Responsive Capability
59.8
10:00
Operating Hour
Physical Responsive Capability
Frequency
10
Ancillary Services
• ERCOT manually deployed Non-Spin from 6:42 to 8:10
• Load Resources were manually deployed with a 94 % overall
performance
• Responsive Reserve from generation was deployed form 6:37 to 7:13
and again from 8:10 to 8:17
• one unit (319 MW) was committed in HRUC
11
Congestion
• There were as many as 17 constraints active in SCED between 05:00
and 12:00 on January 6
• SCED was operational and able to manage congestion during this
event
Operating Day January 6 2014
Constraint
Contingency Description
D_NBCBY5 : HB_TWG66_A
Northbelt - King / Cedar Bayou 345 kV Double-Circiut
DNAVLEG5 : 40__A
Navarro - Limestone 345 kV Double-Circuit
DSAMTHS5 : WHTNY_FMR2
Sam Switch - Tradinghouse 345 kV Double-Circuit
DTRSTRC5 : TRSES_MR6L
Trinidad - Watermill / Tricorner 345 kV Double-Circuit
DWH_STP5 : BONIVI_RINCON1_1 White Point - Lon Hill / STP 345 kV Double-Circuit
DWLV89N8 : 3410__A
West Levee - 800/900 Network 138 kV Double-Circuit
SCOLPAW5 : COLETO_KENEDS1_1 Coleto Creek - Pawnee 345 kV Single-Circuit
SDQNB8 : HB_TWG66_A
Drilco - Northbelt 138 kV Single-Circuit
SI_DI_38 : I_DUPP_I_DUPS1_1
Ingleside Dupont Switch - Dupont PP1 138 kV Single-Circuit
SKOCNU28 : GILA_HIWAY_2_1
Gila - Koch Up River 138 kV Single-Circuit
SLAQLOB8 : BRUNI_69_1
Lobo - La Quinta 138 kV Single-Circuit
SORNLON8 : LON_HI_SMITH1_1 Lon Hill - Orange Grove 138 kV Single-Circuit
SPAWCAL5 : COLETO_KENEDS1_1 Calaveras - Pawnee 345 kV Single-Circuit
SSALSK28 : 6146__A
Skywest - Salt Flat 138 kV Single-Circuit
SSHBMLS5 : ELKTN_SD1_1
Martin Lake - Shamburger Switch 345 kV Single-Circuit
STRSWTR5 : TRSES_MR6L
Watermill Switch - Trinidad 345 kV Single-Circuit
XLY2T58 : LYTTON_S_AT1H
Lytton Springs 345/138 kV Autotransformer # 2
Constrained Element
Humble - Treaschwig 138 kV Line
Big Brown - Jewett 345 KV Line
Whitney 138/69 kV Autotransformer # 2
Trinidad 345/138 kV Autotransformer
Bonnieview - Rincon 69 kV Line
East Levee Switch - Reagan Street 138 kV Line
Coleto Creek - Kenedy Switch 138 kV Line
Humble - Treaschwig 138 kV Line
Ingleside Dupont Switch - Dupont PP1 Ingleside 138 kV Line
Gila - Hiway 9 138 kV Line
Bruni 138/69 kV Autotransformer
Lon Hill - Smith 69 kV Line
Coleto Creek - Kenedy Switch 138 kV Line
East Midland - Midland East 138 kV Line
Elkton Series Reactor 138 kV # 1
Trinidad 345/138 kV Autotransformer
Lytton Springs 345/138 kV Autotransformer # 1
12
Next Steps
• ERCOT and Texas RE requested additional information from generators
on causes of generator trips and derates on January 6
• This additional information resulted in outaged/derated MWs
changing since the TAC report on Jan 28
• ERCOT has (re)visited 4 of the units who initially reported weatherrelated issues on January 6 to review winterization plans
• ERCOT had already requested data to improve accuracy of wind
forecast during icing and cold weather from wind generators due to
November 2013 cold spell; need to add temperature limits to RARF
• Enhance procedures to directly consider increased generating capacity
unavailability for unit commitment during severe cold weather events
• Reassess outage calculations used for future SARA reports to ensure
derates are appropriately included
• Improve means to get updated information on generation derates and
startup failures to ERCOT in near-real time
13
Next Steps
Questions
14