The Great Gatsby “So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past” (180) Map of West Egg & East Egg Color Symbolism Green: White: Ideal happiness, perfection, promise of the dream, realizing dream, or fantasy of dream Grey: Corruption, death, old wealth, real $, the materialism/values that destroys dream Blue: Purity, innocence, honesty, the perfection of the dream, ultimate bliss, vision of dream Yellow/Gold: Hope, limitless promise of the dream, the dream itself Hopelessness, no money, wanting a better life, moral decay Red: Ugliness of reality, gaudiness of dream, violent nature of people/dream Chapter 1 East Egg = Established wealth West Egg = New Rich, Imitation, Flashy “it was a factual imitation of some Hotel de Ville in Normandy” (5) Nick is from the Midwest “A cheerful red-and-white Georgian Colonial mansion.” (6) Modest, Humble, Morally sound, Stability. Nick rents a bungalow The main conflict & theme in the story is between Gatsby’s dream and the disgusting reality [West Egg vs. East Egg] Fitzgerald focuses on the American Dream—its hopes, illusions, corruption, self-discovery, possessiveness, and paradox Chapter 1 Nick: narrator Daisy & Tom: Says he reserves judgment but will judge each character throughout. Only Character that undergoes any sort of change because of his established roots…others are aimlessly drifting to find social and materialistic wealth. Represent shallowness and arrogance of wealthy They have $ but do not have a purpose in life Hopelessness… “the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool.” (17) Glamour, Appearances, & Money cover up inner emptiness Chapter 2 This introduces the “foul dust” that destroys Gatsby’s dream Ashes are all over the entire chapter: Ashes are symbolic of the moral decay and spiritual desolation The apartment scene is a great example of how $ has destroyed people Valley of Ashes {between West Egg & East Egg} Dust on Wilson’s wrecked Ford, and his hair and clothes Catherine's powdered face “the gray land and spasms of bleak dust which drift endlessly over it.” (23) Represents the foul, material driven world the characters live in Implies that under the glamour of the rich is nothingness Home to the only poor people in book The Eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleberg Advertising & materialism gone mad God looking out over the decay of people in the 1920’s Faded eyes might suggest the fading emphasis on religion Blue eyes represent idealism or perfection Gold glasses represent the corruption Chapter 2 New York Apartment Party Tom’s hypocrisy, selfishness, and brutality are highlighted Tom views Myrtle as his possession rather than a person Nick is disgusted by the party, but is also fascinated Myrtle’s transformation in New York Brown dress into a Cream Chiffon (represents change in values) She wants to escape her social class (compromising morals for $) “With the influence of the dress her personality had also undergone a change.” (30) Obsessed with appearances…she hates husband for marrying on looks but did the same thing with Tom on the train. The list of things she wants shows her shallow character: dog collar, trick ashtray, and a wreath for her mothers grave [all of equal value??] Perfect for Tom: she is the same money stained-dream girl like Daisy Chapter 3 Nick describes Gatsby’s parties Fitzgerald sets the party’s beauty against harsh reality [car accident] Accident is and example of the guest’s careless actions and morals Gatsby Nick notes Gatsby’s speech & manner don’t fit his world he created He stays distant from his guests as part of his plan to achieve dream A means to an end [he does not want to be part of this corruptive group of people in order to remain faithful to his goal] Nick and Jordan’s Relationship Nick realizes Jordan’s selfishness and dishonesty, yet still pursues her This shows how Nick rejects his Midwestern morals for Eastern “fun” Fitzgerald uses this relationship to explain how people go away from their morals in order to impress the opposite sex or fit in with society Chapter 4 Gatsby reveals more of his “story” This adds to the admiration of Gatsby He has gone to great lengths to create an ideal Green light is on Daisy’s dock Feels he can win Daisy back with his wealth Daisy’s Story Was in love with Gatsby in Louisville before he went to war Daisy wanted to go to see him off but was denied Drunken wedding day characteristic of her indecisiveness Daisy marries Tom for the security of wealth but not happy Chapter 4 Main conflict w/ Gatsby’s character revealed His friendship w/ Wolfsheim implies Gatsby’s wealth may not be coming from legal sources Jordan’s story of Gatsby & Daisy reveals his romantic dream to win the girl of his dreams back. Bootlegging or organized crime (Wolfsheim fixed world series) “Gatsby bought that house so that Daisy would be just across the bay.” (83) Green light Gatsby reaches for in Ch. 1 is at Daisy’s dock in East Egg Green Light is symbol of Gatsby’s Dream & American Dream Gatsby has obtained wealth (illegally?) to get Daisy back We have to recognize the romantic element to this, yet question the means with which he has gone about it. [Is Gatsby good or bad?] Chapter 5 Pivotal chap. because Gatsby’s dream is realized Everything after the meeting is meaningless Daisy cannot live up to his expectations [unrealistic dream] “…Daisy tumbled short of his dreams-not through her own fault but because of the colossal vitality of his illusion.” (101) Gatsby doesn’t realize dream cannot be realized “Possibly it had occurred to him that the colossal significance of that light had now vanished forever.” (98) Daisy cannot be bought & is not worthy of his goal Nothing but Daisy matters, no material object holds any meaning Even if he has Daisy nothing will live up to the spirituality of his idea Gatsby is greater than the society he portrays [wealth was for Daisy] American Dream’s enchanting promise cannot be matched by materialism Chapter 6 Embarrassed of his social standing Jay Gatz creates “The Great Gatsby” The Party is the beginning of the disintegration of Gatsby’s dream Dan Cody is everything Gatz wants to be Through his character Gatsby he can create the life he wants Gatsby fails to see how wealth leads to self-destruction w/ Cody’s death Gatsby is faithful to a fault in his quest for happiness Daisy does not like nor understand the guests [Old Money vs. New Money] Tom is critical of Gatsby, the guests, and Daisy Even though Gatsby is rich, he will never be a part of Tom & Daisy’s world Gatsby is Hopelessly Devoted to his dream “Can’t repeat the past?’ he cried incredulously. ‘Why of course you can!” (116) Nick respects the romantic, honorable passion Gatsby has for his dream But since the dream is now ‘reality’ it takes on limitations and dissolves Chapter 7&8 Levels of Questions Literal: Answers to literal level questions have answers found right in the book. Example: Why does George shoot Gatsby? Interpretive: In order to answer interpretive questions, readers must look up multiple parts of a text. Example: How does Gatsby’s dream lead to his death? The answer to this question can be found in a single quote from the novel. Events from multiple parts of the text, related to Gatsby’s hopeless devotion to his dream, must be understood and analyzed to answer this question. Experienced Based: An answer to this question can be formulated by analyzing multiple texts or analyzing real-world situations. Likewise, this question can be applied to multiple texts and multiple real-world situations. Example: How do dreams drive a person to be the best person he/she can be or the worst? This question can be answered by analyzing Old Man & the Sea, A Raisin in the Sun, and The Great Gatsby. Likewise, this question can be applied to all of these texts. Also, this question can be answered by looking at real life situations. Chapter 7 This focuses on the end of Gatsby’s dream No more parties Daisy thinks of her and Gatsby’s affair as a game Daisy cannot say she never loved Tom She wants to maintain the status quo but entertain with Gatsby Turning to Tom represents her devotion to him & end of Gatsby Tom realizes his victory so he sends Daisy home w/ Gatsby Myrtle’s death forces Nick to judgment Pammy throws Gatsby off & destroys hope of returning to past At the hotel suite is where Daisy betrays Gatsby’s dream Buchanans are careless & empty Nick abandons Buchanans, Jordan, & the East Gatsby watches over Daisy’s empty room = Emptiness of Dream Chapter 8 Gatsby remains loyal to the end to his dream & Daisy Excuses her actions from day before “he found that had committed himself to the following of a grail” (149) Upholds the nobility of dream and is why Nick and the reader like him Cannot be realized due to pursuit of material wealth by Gatsby & Daisy “What was the use of doing great things if I could have a better time telling her what I was going to do?” (150) Daisy is portrayed as weak and unwilling to wait “She wanted her life shaped now, immediately…” (151) Nick no longer reserves judgment, he says Gatsby is “worth the whole damn bunch put together.” Chapter 8 Wilson’s lack of spiritual value leads him to mistaking Dr. T.J. Eckleburg’s eyes as the eyes of God. Searching for meaning he misinterprets & thinks revenge is justified Gatsby dies with his faith intact-waiting for the call from Daisy This affirms that there is more to life than money, wealth, etc. “He must of looked up at an unfamiliar sky through frightening leaves and shivered as he found what a grotesque thing a rose is…” (161) Just because something appears beautiful or someone says it is doesn’t mean that it is or right for you. We create meaning with different objects but once they lose their meaning…we cannot re-create it (like we cannot re-create the past).