PRONOMBRES DE
COMPLEMENTO
DIRECTO E INDIRECTO
¿ Recuerdas?
COMPLEMENTO DIRECTO
Is a noun or a noun phrase that receives the
action of the verb directly.
• It answers the questions ¿qué? (what?) or
¿quién? (whom?) after the verb.
– ¿Compraste los lápices?
You bought what?... los lápices
– No conozco a la novia de Pedro.
I don’t know whom? …la novia de Pedro
• Direct Object Pronouns replace the
direct object noun or noun phrase and
they must agree in gender and number
with the noun they replace.
• The direct object pronouns are:
me
nos
te
os
lo/la
los/las
• ¿Compraste los lápices?
• Sí, los compré ayer.
• No conozco a la novia de Pedro.
• La podrás conocer esta tare en la fiesta.
COMPLEMENTO INDIRECTO
• The indirect object of a sentence is a noun
or a noun phrase that receives the action of
the verb indirectly.
• It indicates to whom something is given or
done or to/for whom an action is carried out.
• It answers the questions ¿a quién? (to
whom?) or ¿para/por quién? (for whom?)
after the verb.
• La profe nos dio mucha tarea.
The techer gave (a lot of homework) to whom?
To us
• Nosotros le hablamos a la profe.
We talked to whom? to the teacher
• Traje este regalo para ti.
I brought (this gift) for whom?...para ti.
• ¿Le hablaste al director?
You spoke to whom? …el director.
•Indirect object pronouns agree
only in number with the noun they
refer to.
Indirect object
pronouns
me
te
le
nos
os
les
Direct object
pronouns
me
te
lo/la
nos
os
los/las
¡LAS REGLAS!
1. Pronouns always go BEFORE a
conjugated verb.
•
•
¿Compraste los lápices?
Sí, los compré ayer.
DOP conjugated verb
•
La profe nos dio mucha tarea.
IOP conjugated verb
2. Pronouns can be ATTACHED at
the end of an infinitive.
•
•
¿Compraste los lápices?
No, pero voy a comprarlos mañana.
infinitive DOP
HOWEVER! Since an infinitive will always be
preceded by a conjugated verb in a
sentence, you may always put the pronoun
before the conjugated verb (rule 1.)
• No, pero los voy a comprar mañana.
DOP conjugated verb
3. Pronouns can be ATTACHED at
the end of the gerund (-ando;
-iendo) (remember that you need to add an
•
accent in ándo and iéndo)
La profe está hablándonos.
gerund IOP
Again, since the gerund is preceded by a
conjugated verb, you can follow rule 1.
(notice that no accent is needed in the gerund in this case)
•
La profe nos está hablando.
IOP conjugated verb
4. Pronouns MUST be ATTACHED
at the end of the affirmative
commands. (remember that you need to add
an accent in this case.)
• ¿Quiere Ud. el menú?
• Sí, por favor tráigame el menú.
affirmative command IOP
5. Pronouns MUST go BEFORE the
verb in negative commands.
• ¿Quieres que prepare pastel para el
postre?
• No, no lo prepares para el postre.
DOP negative command
Pronombres dobles
(double object pronouns)
• As there are sentences with no
direct or indirect object, there are
also sentences with both.
• When both pronouns are used the
rules of placement continue to be the
same as for the individual pronouns
Two very important additional
rules for double object
pronouns:
1. When there are two pronouns,
Indirect ALWAYS goes before
Direct.
2. Both pronouns must ALWAYS be
placed together in the same part of
the sentence (they cannot be
separated.)
– La profe nos dio mucha tarea.
– La profe nos la dio.
IOP DOP
– Cómprame ese regalo a mi.
– Cómpramelo.
IOP DOP
– No, no te lo voy a comprar.
IOP DOP
– Sí, voy a comprártelo.
IOP DOP
• When attaching two pronouns to the
end of an infinitive you must add an
accent on the 3rd syllable from the
end (counting the pronouns.)
– Me va a dar el regalo.
– Va a dármelo.
IOP DOP
– Tienen que entregarme la tarea hoy.
– Tienen que entregármela hoy.
IOP DOP
• When attaching two pronouns to the
end of the gerund or the affirmative
command, the accent will remain in
the same syllable as it was with one
pronoun.
– La profe está dándonos las notas.
– La profe está dándonoslas.
IOP
DOP
– Cómprame ese regalo.
– Cómpramelo.
IOP DOP
Two 3rd person pronouns
• The indirect object pronouns le and les
will change to SE when followed by the
direct objects pronouns lo, la, los or las.
– Les regalé unos pendientes a las chicas.
lo
– Se los regalé.
IOP DOP
le, les +
la
se
los
las
– Le voy a dar mi tarea a la profe.
– Voy a dársela.
IOP DOP
• One of the most important
things to remember about direct
and indirect object pronouns is
that they will NEVER be the
subject of a sentence!
¿Hiciste la tarea?
Sí, (yo) la hice.
subject DOP verb
La fue muy fácil.
La tarea fue muy fácil.
subject
verb