elative
ronouns
ho / whom / which / that / whose
who
que,quem (pessoas)
whom
que, quem (pessoas)
(uso formal ou objeto de uma preposição)
which
que, o qual (animais e objetos)
that
que (pessoas, animais e objetos)
whose
cujo, cuja
(Quando algo pertence a uma pessoa,
país ou organização)
eople
Defining relative clauses
Subject of a verb
She is the woman who made me cry like a child.
She is the woman that made me cry a lot.
Subject of a verb
Object of a verb
Object of a preposition
Object of a verb
Chelsea is the girl who Bill helps so much.
Chelsea is the girl that Bill helps so much. (colloquial, informal)
Chelsea is the girl whom Bill is dating. (formal)
Chelsea is the girl x Bill is dating. (omissão)
(Hot)
Object of a preposition
Chelsea is the girl whom Bill cared about. (usual)
or She is the girl about whom Bill cared. (formal)
hings
Defining relative clauses
Subject of a verb
That’s the boat which was sold yesterday.
That’s the boat that was sold yesterday.
Subject of a verb
Object of a verb
Object of a preposition
Object of a verb
That’s the boat which Dexter has used for...you know…
That’s the boat that Dexter has used for...”that” thing…
That’s the boat x Dexter uses all the time.
Object of a preposition
That is the cabin which George has lived in . (usual)
or That is the cabin in which George has lived. (formal)
Defining relative clauses
nimals
Subject of a verb
Object of a verb
Object of a preposition
Subject of a verb
Martha has a dog which barks…all the time!
Martha has a dog that …Dude! It’s terrible!
Object of a verb
That’s the dog which she…Well!...She made me buy that dog!
That’s the dog that she told me it’s so cute!
That’s the dog x she loves so much! I think she is… insane!
Object of a preposition
That’s the dog which Becky has played with . (usual)
or That’s the dog with which Becky has played . (formal)
Defining relative clauses
hose
When something belongs to a person
When something belongs to a country
When something belongs to a organization
When (something, someone) belongs to person
Frank is the teacher whose book is a bestseller .
The woman whose daughter lives in Boston is my friend .
When (something, someone) belongs to country
The election will be in the country whose president resigned.
He lives in a country whose rules are broken all the time.
When (something, someone) belongs to organisation
The company whose owner is in jail, was sold.
That is the board whose members are being investigated.
Non - defining relative clauses
bservação
Quando a oração subordinada não for essencial para o significado da
frase ou seja, uma informação extra é dada sobre uma pessoa, objeto
ou animal já conhecido...
Aparece sempre entre vírgulas.
O pronome não pode ser omitido.
Nunca é introduzida por “that”.
ntre vírgulas...
Non - defining relative clauses
Pessoas
Kennedy, who was killed in Dallas, was a great president.
John, who Jamie has helped, is very talented.
Objetos
My car, which is imported, makes me happy.
That farm, which you are interested in, will be sold.
Animais
Flies, which carry dreadful diseases, come in the Summer.
The lion, which is a dangerous animal, lives in Africa.
xercícios
Complete the following sentences with who, whom ,which, that or
whose.
who / that
1.The man ____________is
beside Mary is her father.
which / that / X
2.The book _______________I
read last night was about science
fiction.
3.The animal_______owner
traveled yesterday, died.
whose
whom
4.This is the suspect__________the
police is looking for.
5.I saw the woman_________you
talked to at the party.
whom
6.He is the salesman___________sold
me those flats.
who / that
which / that / X
7.Is that the window________________those
boys broke?
8.My father sold the car________engine
whose
was out of order.
9.That old man_______son
is our student, is waiting for you.
whose
10.It was George__________called
you.
who / that
who / that
11.We must thank the man__________did
his best to help us.
who abandoned the office, is a very good
12.President Palmer, ______
person.
13.That report, which
______ you sent to London, is about environment.
14.I know the man about ______
whom you are talking.
which
15.That noisy dog, ______barked
all night long, will be sold.
who / that
16.Are you the witness ___________saw
the accident?
17.Sally Roberts, _____was
praised by the headmaster, is my sister-inwho
law.
18.The women from _______
whom I received the reports want to talk to you.
este 1
(ITA) - Assinale a alternativa cujo pronome pode corretamente
preencher as lacunas (1) e (2) :
The man____(1)______spoke to you is Brazilian.
The book______(2)_____is on the table is very old.
a)what
b)whichever
c)whom
d)who
e)that
este 2
(MACK) - Choose the correct alternative to complete the sentence:
The headmaster spoke to the boys____work was below standard.
a)that
b)who
c)which
d)whose
e)whom
este 3
(Fuvest) - I met the girl _________traveled with you to London.
a)which
b)who
c)whose
d)what
e)whom
este 4
(FEI) - Escolha a alternativa correta para completar a
frase, de acordo com o texto:
"It was Eiffel__________constructed the metal
framework."
a) whom
b) which
c) whose
d) why
e) who
este 5
(Fuvest) - Na sentença "who apparently was not used to
all this traffic", podemos substituir “who” pelo
equivalente:
a) which;
b) she;
c) whom;
d) that;
e) whose.
este 6
(PUC - PR) - According to medical studies, people
____________smoke stand a higher chance of having
lung cancer.
a)where
b)which
c)when
d)what
e)who
este 7
(Unitau) - Assinale a alternativa que corresponde ao referente do
pronome relativo em destaque a seguir:
Both research and commercial perspectives are considered, making the event
essential for all researchers, designers and manufacturers WHO need to keep
abreast* of developments in HCI.
*abreast - lado a lado
a) research and commercial perspectives
b) developments in HCI
c) keep abreast
d) research and developments
e) all researchers, designers and manufacturers
este 8
(Unitau) - Assinale a alternativa que corresponde ao referente do
pronome relativo, em destaque, a seguir:
Since then, microchips, satellites and nuclear power have become
realities that define everyday life
a) every day
b) life
c) nuclear power
d) realities
e) satellites
este 9
(PUC - PR) - Insert the appropriate relative pronoun:
Gossips, to ______ you should pay no attention, is a bad thing.
Dr. Smith, ______ car is outside, has come to see a patient.
My friend Jack, ______ is in hospital, is very ill.
This is my Uncle John, ______ you have heard so much about.
a) which, whose, who, whom
b) that, whose, whom, which
c) which, whom, that, who
d) whom, whose, that, whom
e) that, whom, who, which
este 10
(FEI) - Most high-temperature superconductors, which are based on
bismuth, have properties WHICH depend on how the particles are aligned.
O pronome relativo WHICH, destacado no texto, refere-se a:
a) altas temperaturas
b) propriedades
c) supercondutores
d) partículas
e) bismuto