MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA
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History Of Multimedia
• What can we say about the
evolution of media that has
taken place for thousands of
years?
• Since the dawn of time,
people have had the need to
communicate with one
another
• This created what we called as
communication media
http://www.december.com/present/mediaev.html
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Multimedia
The notion of Multimedia
Consists of two words:
Multi (Latin)= many; much;
Medium (Latin) = An intervening substance through
which something is transmitted or carried on.
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What is Multimedia?
• Multimedia can be any combination of text, graphics,
sound, animation and video, to effectively
communicate ideas to users delivered by computer
or any other electronic devices.
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What is Multimedia? (Other definition)
• ‘Multimedia is any combination of text, art, sound,
animation, and video. It is delivered to the user by
electronic or digitally manipulated means. A
multimedia project development requires creative,
technical, organizational, and business skills.’
Tay Vaughan
Multimedia : Making it work 7th Ed.
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What is Multimedia? (Other definition)
• ‘“Multimedia is the presentation of a (usually
interactive) computer application, incorporating
media elements such as text, graphics, video,
animation and sound on computer.”
Stephen McGloughlin
Multimedia: Concepts & Practice
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Multimedia Building Block
Digital
environment
USER
Elements of Multimedia
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Why Multimedia?
• Ease of use
• Intuitive Interface
• Immersive experience
• Self-paced interaction and better retention
• Better understanding
• Cost effectiveness
• More fun = greater efficiency
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Multimedia has a number of distinct and unique
features, including:
Based on Edgar Dale (Cone Of Learning), on average, people
remember:
10% of what they read,
20% of what they hear,
30% of what they see,
50% of what they hear and see,  multimedia approach
multimedia rich elements, multi-sensory delivery system can
facilitate greater retention of new knowledge
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Types of Multimedia
• Linear Multimedia
▫ Users have very little control over the
presentation
• Nonlinear/Interactive Multimedia
▫ Users dictate the flow of delivery. User
control the flow of the show.
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Types of Multimedia:
(1)Linear Multimedia
▫ The users sit back and watches the
presentation
▫ The presentation normally plays from
the start to end or even loops
continually to present the information.
▫ A movie is a common type of linear
multimedia
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Types of Multimedia:
(2)Interactive Multimedia
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The users control the delivery of elements – to
control the what and when. Users have the ability
to move around or follow different path through
the information presentation.
Advantage: complex domain of information can be
presented.
Disadvantage: users might lost in the massive
“information highway”.
Useful for: information archive (encyclopedia),
education, training and entertainment.
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What is a Multimedia Project?
• The software vehicle, the messages, and the content
together constitute a multimedia project.
• A multimedia project shipped to end-users with or
without instructions is called a multimedia title.
• A project can also be launched on the Web.
• Authoring tools are used to merge multimedia
elements into a project.
• These software tools are designed to manage
individual multimedia elements and provide user
interaction.
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Delivering and Using Multimedia
The primary media for delivering multimedia projects
are:
▫ Compact disc read-only (CD-ROM).
▫ Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) / Blu-ray Disc
• Multimedia Projects can also be delivered online
(webs) and through PDAs/Hand-held Devices
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Delivering and Using Multimedia :
(1) CD-ROM
• CD-ROM is the most cost-effective distribution
medium for multimedia projects.
• It can contain up to 80 minutes of full-screen video
or sound.
• CD burners are used for reading discs and converting
the discs to audio, video, and data formats.
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Delivering and Using Multimedia :
(2) DVD / Blu-ray
• Multilayered DVD technology increases the capacity of
current optical technology to 18 GB.
• DVD authoring and integration software is used to create
interactive front-end menus for films and games.
• DVD burners are used for reading discs and converting
the disc to audio, video, and data formats.
• BD – Blu-ray disc (Blu-ray Disc Association BDA)
▫ next-generation format for high-definition video and high-density data.
▫ A single-layer disc can fit 23.3, 25, or 27 GB (enough for approximately four hours
of high-definition video with audio)
▫ supports 25GB for one layer, 50GB for two and 100GB for four
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Delivering and Using Multimedia
(3) Online
• Multimedia can be delivered online
• Copper wire, glass fiber, and radio/cellular
technologies also serve a means for delivering
multimedia files across a network
• Online uses include:
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Books and magazines, Education
Movies, Entertainment
News and weather
Maps
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Application of Multimedia
Business and Industry
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Virtual Shopping
Desktop Videoconferencing
Real estate
Training
Electronic Brochures
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Application of Multimedia
Entertainment
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Morphing
Superimposition
Animation
Toy Story
Virtual Reality
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Application of Multimedia
Education
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Cognitive vs Behavior Psychology
Art
Biology
Chemistry etc.
WebCt and online delivery
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Application of Multimedia
Entertainment
• Cinema
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morphing
Superimposition
Animation
Digital Recasting
Video games
Interactive Movies
Virtual Reality
Cyber-Sports
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Application of Multimedia
Government and Politics
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Kiosks
Electronic Town Meetings
Internet
Warfare
Virtual campaigning
Consumer information
Encyclopedia Resources
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Application of Multimedia
Medicine and Nursing
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Medical Training
Anatomy and Physiology
Virtual Surgery
Videoconferencing Network
Online Resources
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Application of Multimedia
Application Development Packages
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Presentation Packages
Hypermedia Programs
Animation and Multimedia Sequencing
Authoring Systems
World Wide Web
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Applications of Multimedia
Examples of Multimedia Applications:
•Digital video editing and production
systems
•Electronic Newspapers/Magazines
•Games
•Groupware
•Home shopping
•Interactive TV
•Multimedia courseware
•Video conferencing
•Video-on-Demand (VoD)
•Virtual reality
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Multimedia System Characteristics
• Multimedia systems must be computer controlled.
• All multimedia components are integrated.
• The interface to the final user may permit
interactivity.
• Information must be represented digitally.
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Overlapping Technologies
• Different branches of multimedia grow together
because of new, upcoming multimedia technology
and applications.
• Two challenges lie ahead:
▫ Timing requirements (synchronization etc.)
▫ Integration requirements (of different media types)
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Summary
• Multimedia is the combination of text, graphics,
sound, animation and video, to effectively
communicate ideas to users delivered by computer.
• Multimedia projects can be linear or nonlinear.
• Multimedia projects are often stored on CD-ROM or
DVDs. They can also be hosted on the Web.
• Multimedia is widely used in business, schools,
public places, and at home.
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Hardware
Vaughan’s One-way Rule
“Once you’ve tried it, you can’t go back”
(Vaughan, 2001)
Sullivan’s Observation
“I have never meet a hard drive I haven’t filled”
(Sullivan, 1996)
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Platforms
• Mac
• PC
• Linux
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Connections
• Networks – Wireless or Wired?
▫ LANS
▫ WANS
• Servers
• SCSI –
▫ 80 Mbps
• USB
▫ USB 1.0 - 12 Mbps (supports 127 peripheral devices) 1996
▫ USB 2.0 – 480 Mbps (compatible with 1.1) 2000
• Firewire –
400 Mbps to 800 Mbps (IEEE 1394) guaranteed rate good for
video and real-time data
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Communication
▫ Modem – 56 Mbps
▫ DSL – 32 Mbps upstream and 32 Kbps to 1 Mbps
downstream -20,000 ft.
▫ Cable – 2 Mbps
▫ T1 - A dedicated phone connection supporting data rates of
1.544Mbits per second. A T-1 line actually consists of 24 individual
channels, each of which supports 64Kbits per second.
▫ T3 - A dedicated phone connection supporting data rates of
1.544Mbits per second. A T-1 line actually consists of 24 individual
channels, each of which supports 64Kbits per second.
▫ Coaxial – 10 Mbps
▫ Fiber Optic - Gigabytes
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Memory and Storage
• Central Processor
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RAM vs ROM
Zip & Hard Drives
CD’s - Burners
DVD’s +, DVD Burners
Memory
Memory required to store a 5 by 7 inch
snapshot with different precisions
Dots/inch resolution Bytes required for
of snapshot image
storage
100
1.05
300
9.45
600
37.8
1200
151.2
Mb
Mb
Mb
Mb
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Input Devices
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Multimedia Keyboards
Mice, Trackballs, Touch screens
Magnetic Card Encoders and Readers
Graphic Tablets
Scanners
OCR Devices
Infrared Remotes
Voice Recognition Systems
Digital Cameras
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Output Devices
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Audio Devices
Amplifiers and Speakers
Monitors
Video Devices
Projectors
▫ Luminance
▫ Chrominance
• Printers
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Multimedia Accessories
• Video Overlay: allows a computer to display common video
sources including video cameras, VCR’s and video disc
simultaneously.
▫ Multiple inputs, frame grab, TV tuner, Video for Windows, Memory
conflicts, Video adapter compatibility
▫ Check PC World
• Digital Video
• TV Tuner
• MIDI - MIDI kit by Midisoft
▫ www.rolandus.com laptops
▫ www.midisoft.com
• VideoDisc
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Software that enables Multimedia
• System Software
▫ OS
▫ Utilities
▫ Networking
• Development Software
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Graphics
Sound
Text
Web Developing
Multimedia Authoring
• Delivery Software
▫ Stand-Alone Programs
▫ Players
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System Software
• Written specifically to control its CPU
• Unique to the CPU brand and model
• Written in or translated into the machine language of
the CPU
• Used to run computer
• Utilities
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To play sound
Print the screen image
Eventually became operational extensions of OS
Important consideration when choosing OS
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Painting and Drawing Tools
Most multimedia authoring programs, at least for now,
import bitmaps.
• Painting Software (bitmap)
▫ PhotoShop, PicturePublisher, and Fractal Designer
• Drawing Software (vector)
▫ CorelDraw, FreeHand, Illustrator, Designer, and Canvas
▫ Macromedia’s Flash vector
▫ Fireworks
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Image-editing Tools
Are specialized and powerful tools for enhancing and
retouching, existing bitmapped images
• PaintShop Pro & PhotoShop
▫ Plug-ins
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Vertigo’s HotTEXT lets you turn text into 3-D objects
EyeCandy
Kai’s power tools
Xaos tool’s paint alchemy
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3-D Modeling
• Extreme 3-D, 3d/fx, AutoDesk’s 3D Studio Max,
StrataVision’s 3D, Infini-D, etc.
• Bryce
• Poser
• Examples, anyone?
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Sound Applications
• Sound Editing
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Sound Recorder
Sound Forge
SoundEdit
MIDI
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Windows Media Player
QuickTime
Real Player
WinAmp
• Sound Playback
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Animation, Video and Digital Movie Tools
Animation and the perception of motion
QuickTime, Microsoft’s video for windows, Adobe
Premiere,
Morphing
Video formats avi, mov, mpeg
Movie editors – decoders – Targa boards 30+, Adobe after
effects, Pinnacle boards
Compression, Image quality, Compress/decompres speed
Lossless or lossy
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Linking Multimedia Objects
DDE & ole
Office suites
Presentation tools
Astound
Persuasion
PowerPoint
DeltaGraph professional
Harvard graphics
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Networking Software
• Network Hardware Protocols
▫ Ethernet
▫ Token Ring
▫ ATM
• Message Passing Protocols
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HTTP
SMTP
AppleTalk
TCP/IP
IPX/SPX
SNA
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Web Development
• Authoring Tools
▫ Microsoft FrontPage
▫ Macromedia’s Dreamweaver
▫ Adobe’s GoLive
• Languages
▫ JavaScript
▫ Visual Basic
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Helpful Accessories
• Screen Grabber
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PaintShop Pro
Capture
SnapPro
Hijaak 95