Hajj Seminar
Delivered at ICN Ogden
September 30, 2012
Mir Rizwan Ali
Hajj as an Obligation
• Verily, the first House (of worship) appointed for mankind
was that at Bakkah (Makkah), full of blessing, and a
guidance for Al-'Alamin (mankind and jinn).
• 97 In it are manifest signs (for example), the Maqam
(place) of Ibrahim (Abraham); whosoever enters it, he
attains security. And Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah) to the
House (Ka'bah ) is a duty that mankind owes to Allah,
those who can afford the expenses (for one's
conveyance, provision and residence); and whoever
disbelieves [i.e. denies Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah), then
he is a disbeliever of Allah], then Allah stands not in need
of any of the 'Alamin (mankind, jinn and all that exists) .
Hadeeth on importance of Hajj
• Islam was built on five pillars and amongst the pillars
mentioned, is Hajj to the house for those that can afford it
• The Prophet ‫صلى هللا عليه و سلم‬said “Umrah to Umrah is an
expiation (an act that can have all of the sins forgiven
between them) there is no reward for an accepted Hajj
except jannah.
• The Prophet ‫صلى هللا عليه و سلم‬also said that whoever
performs Hajj and he does not act immorally and he does
not commit sins (intentionally) he will return from Hajj like
the day his mother gave birth to Him.”
Conditions of Hajj Mabroor
•
•
•
•
Sincerely for the sake of Allah
Following the sunnah of the Prophet ‫صلى هللا عليه و سلم‬
To avoid committing sins intentionally
The firm resolve to not return to sins that one was
previously committing
Who should perform Hajj?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Muslim
Reached puberty
To be of sound mind
To have financial means
To possess physical means
To have a mahram (for women)
When should one go?
• As soon as possible
• The Prophet ‫صلى هللا عليه و سلم‬said
“Expedite the performance of the duty of Hajj, because
nobody knows what may obstruct one.” Ahmad
Types of Hajj
• Hajj Tamattu
• Hajj Qiran
• Hajj Ifrad
Hajj Tamattu
• Hajj combined with Umrah with two niyyat
• Enter into first ihraam with the intention of Umrah
• Perform Umrah and then trim the hair and get out of
ihraam
• On the 8th of dhul Hijjah enter into second Ihraam with
the intention of performing Hajj
Hajj Qiran
• Hajj is combined with Umrah without coming out of
Ihraam
• Two actions one Ihraam
• They type of Hajj the Messenger of Allah ‫صلى هللا عليه و سلم‬
performed
Hajj Ifrad
• Hajj by itself
Ihraam
• The rites of Hajj and Umrah begin by entering into the
state of Ihraam
• For men two clean unfitted pieces of cloth: one for the top
called the rida and the bottom called the izaar
• Shoes and sandals for the men must not cover the ankles
• Women are free to wear anything in accordance to the
shariah it does not have to be a specific color, but
remember if a sister is not dressed properly she is ruining
her own Hajj and the Hajj of others
Ihraam Picture
Preparing for Ihraam
•
•
•
•
•
Trimming the nails
Shaving the underarms and pubic hair
Trimming the moustache
Performing ghusl
Applying itr to the head, beard and ihraam (men only)
Putting the Ihraam on
• The right shoulder should only be exposed for tawaf for
umrah and tawaf al qudoom
• It is allowed to wear a belt to help keep the bottom part
up
• Allowed to wear watches, glasses, hearing aids,
sunglasses
• No underwear (men only)
• No covering the head (men only)
• Ihraam must be adopted before reaching the meeqat
• Reciting the niyyah out loud (preferably after salah)
Meeqat
• Boundaries which cannot be crossed before a person
enters ihraam
• If a person crosses the boundary without ihraam they
have to give expiation for this (fasting three days, feeding
sixty poor people of the haraam, or sacrificing a sheep)
• Or leave the meeqat and then get their ihraam on then
return
• Jeddah is within the Meeqat
Things that are forbidden in Ihraam
•
•
•
•
•
•
To wear fitted clothing (men only)
To use itr or perfume
Cutting the hair or the nails
Covering the head
To have sexual relations
Doing anything that may lead to sexual relations
Things that are forbidden in Ihraam
cont.
• To hunt any land animal or assist with its hunting except
crows, rats, scorpions, snakes, and black dogs
• Not allowed to cut any trees or plants
• If a person does these things out of ignorance or
forgetfulness, or is forced then they he/she does not have
to give expiation
Penalty for committing a violation of
Ihraam
• Cutting the hair or nails, covering the head, using scents,
doing something that may lead to sexual intercourse- the
expiation for these things is
o
o
o
Fasting three days
Or feeding sixty poor people of the haraam
Sacrificing a sheep
• Hunting or killing an animal
o
o
o
Sacrifice something like it and distribute the meat to the poor
Find the value and pay that monetary value for food for the poor
Or fast a day for every poor person
Penalties cont.
• A person who has sexual relations
Before getting out of the state of Ihraam (the first time
meaning before tawaaf al-ifaadah)
Must sacrifice a camel, return and complete Hajj, and make
tawbah
If after the tawaf and before the completion of Hajj, does not
invalidate the Hajj, but has to sacrifice a sheep
Entering the Masjid
• When a Muslim arrives at Al-Masjid Al-Haraamit is
recommended for him to do the same that is to do
whenever he enters any other mosque, that is, to enter the
mosque with his right foot, and say, "Bismillaah; wassalaatu was-salaamu ‘ala Rasoollilaah. Allaahumma iftah
li abwaaba rahmatik (In the Name of Allaah; may Allaah
send blessings and peace upon the Messenger of Allaah .
O Allaah, open the gates of Your Mercy before me)” and,
“A‘oothu billaahi Al-‘Atheem wa biwajhihi Al-kareem wa
bisultaanihi Al-qadeem min ash-shaytaan Ar-rajeem (I
seek refuge with Allaah, the Most Great, and with His
Bounteous Countenance and Eternal Power from Satan,
the expelled (from the mercy of Allaah).”
• Be calm and prepare to be overwhelmed
Umrah
• The Umrah consists of two main parts the tawaf and saee
• Uncover your right shoulder
• Proceed to the Hajr Al-Aswad, if you cannot proceed
towards it and you will see green lights.
• Say ‫بسم هللا هللا أكبر‬
• Make dua, dhikr, recite Quran
• Sunnah to read ‫ربنا آتنا في الدنيا حسنة و في اآلخرة حسنة و قنا عذاب‬
‫النار‬between the rukn al yamaani and the Hajr al-Aswad
Tawaf cont.
• Once you have reached the Hajr Al-Aswad you have completed one
circuit.
• Continue again by either kissing, touching, or gesturing towards the
black stone and by saying ‫بسم هللا هللا أكبر‬until you complete seven
rounds (do not gesture, kiss or touch the Black stone at the end of
the last circuit)
• Proceed towards maqaam Ibrahim (the footsteps of Ibrahim ‫عليه‬
‫السالم‬
• Say the ayah
• ‫صلًّى‬
َ ‫َوا َّتخ ُِذوا ِمنْ َم َق ِام إِب َْراهِي َم ُم‬
• Cover your right shoulder, and pray two rakah behind it if possible
or anywhere else
• It is sunnah to recite Al-Kafiroon, and Ikhlaas in these two
rakahs
• Tawaf is complete
Saee
• Before Saee drink Zamzam water and then proceed to
Saee
• The saee is seven rounds the distance between safa and
marwa is 492 yards
• Dua in your own language, dhikr,tasbih are all allowed
while performing saee
• When you approach Safa it is sunnah to say the ayah َّ‫إِن‬
َ ‫الص َفا َوا ْل َم ْر َو ََّة مِن‬
َِّ‫ش َعآئ َِِّر ّللا‬
• And then say ‫أبدأ بما بدأ هللا به‬
• When going up safa say ‫الحمد هلل و ال إله إال هللا و هللا أكبر‬
• the dua also mentioned this can be made three times
along with any other dua while facing the kabah
Adhkaar of Safa Marwah
َ ‫ لَ ُه ”“أَ ْبدَأ ُ ِب َما َبدَأَ هللا ُ ِب ِه }إِنَّ الص َفا َوا ْل َم ْر َو ََّة مِن‬،‫ك لَ ُه‬
• {َّ‫ّللا‬
ِ ‫ش َعآئ َِِّر‬
َ ‫ال إِل َه إِال هللا ُ َوحْ َدهُ ال َش ِري‬
،ُ‫ص َر َع ْب َده‬
ُ ‫الم ُْل‬
َ ‫ َو َن‬،ُ‫ أَ ْن َج َز َوعْ َده‬،ُ‫ ال إِلَ َه إِال هللاُ َوحْ دَ ه‬،‫الح ْم ُد وه َُو َعلى ُكل َشيء َقدير‬
َ ‫ك َولَ ُه‬
ُ‫اب َوحْ دَ ه‬
َ ‫َو َه َز َم األَحْ َز‬
• ‘Indeed Safa and Marwah are from the places of worship of
Allaah…’ ‘I begin with what Allaah began with.’ …‘Allaah is the
greatest, Allaah is the greatest, Allaah is the greatest.’)‘None has
the right to be worshipped except Allaah, alone, without partner.
To Him belongs all sovereignty and praise and He is over all
things omnipotent. None has the right to be worshipped except
Allaah alone. He fulfilled His promise, aided His Servant and
single-handedly defeated the allies.’ …he (S) would repeat this
action at Marwah.
Saee cont
• Between Safa and Marwah there are green lights
between these lights it is recommended that men walk
briskly and women remain behind
• No dua at the end of the seventh round on Marwah
• After the seventh round the saee is complete, now a
person must cut or shave their head before they can
come out of the state of Ihraam
• Now the umrah is complete Alhumdulilah
Break
6
4
3
1
The pillars of Hajj
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Ihraam for Hajj ie. The intention more than the clothing
Standing on the plains of Arafah
Tawaf Al-Ifaadah
Saee for Hajj
Waajibaat (Obligatory Acts of Hajj)
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•
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Ihraam at the Meeqat
Being at Arafat until Maghrib
Spending the night in Muzdalifah
Throwing the stones in jamaraat
Shaving the head or cutting the hair
Spending the nights in mina
Performing tawaaf al-widaa (menstruating women are
exempted from this without having to offer a sacrifice)
Hajj day by day- Day 1 8th of Dhul
Hijjah (yawm al-tarwiyah)
• The pilgrim performing tamattu enters into Ihraam from
his place (labbaykh Allahuma Hajjan)
• The pilgrims head to Mina after Fajr and stay in Mina
from Dhur all the way to till fajr on the 9th day
• All prayers are performed at their appointed time, but
Dhur,Asr, and Isha are shortened to two Rakat
Day 2 9th Dhul Hijjah standing at
Arafat
• After praying Fajr wait until sunrise and then leave for
Arafat
• Make a lot of Duah, the Prophet ‫صلى هللا عليه و سلم‬has said
“Hajj is arafat”
• Stay close to your group and tent, no need to go to jabal
rahma or the masjid
• Pray Dhur and Asr together at the time of Dhur shortened
to two rakahs, with one adhaan and two iqamaahs
• After sunset leave for muzdalifah (pray Maghrib and Isha
together in muzdalifah)
Best Dua the day of Arafah
ُ ‫وخ ْي ُر ما قُ ْل‬
َ ،‫يوم َع َر َف َة‬
َ
ُ
ُّ
ْ
ُ
ُ
• ‫ُّون ِمن‬
‫ء‬
‫ا‬
‫ع‬
‫د‬
‫ء‬
‫عا‬
‫د‬
‫ال‬
‫ر‬
‫ي‬
‫خ‬
َ ‫ُ أنا وال َّنبي‬
َ
ِ
ِ
ُ ‫ َل ُه الم ُْل‬،‫ريك َل ُه‬
‫ َق ْبلِي‬: ‫الح ْم ُد‬
َ ‫ك و َل ُه‬
َ ‫ال إِ َل َه إِال هللاُ َوحْ َدهُ ال َش‬
‫وه َُو َع َلى ُكل َشيْ ء ق‬
• The best of supplications is the supplication on the day of
‘Arafah and the best which I and the Prophets before me have
said (is): ‘None has the right to be worshipped except Allaah,
alone, without partner. To Him belongs all praise and sovereignty
and He is over all things omnipotent.’
Day 2 (Night) staying in Muzdalifah
• Distance is only 9 km, but can take anywhere from 1-16
hours
• Pray maghrib and Isha together with one adhaan two
iqamaas
• Find a nice place to sleep
• Open space there is nothing there
• Collect stones for the jamaraat
• Pray Fajr here- some of the scholars have allowed
leaving early
• Especially those with women and elderly
Muzdalifah
Open ground
If a person’s bus is within
Muzadilfah boundaries and stays in
his/her bus this is okay
Day 3 10th of Dhul Hijjah
• The Day of Nahr the day of Eid
• After praying Fajr in Muzdalifah leave for Mina before the
sun rises.
• Then proceed to mina and stone the big “devil” with
seven stones
• The sacrificing should take place
• And then shaving or trimming of the head
• Three times more rewarding for shaving the head
• A person is out of the state of ihraam, all sanctions are
lifted except sexual relations
• This will be lifted after a person goes to Makkah and
perform tawaf and saee
Day 3 10th of Dhul Hijjah cont
• Tawaf Al-Hajj must be performed by everyone, women
during there menses and post natal bleeding must
perform this tawaf as well
• After the tawaf then proceed to saee like you did during
umrah
• After saee all restrictions are lifted, a person must go
back to mina and spend the nights in Mina
Day 4 11th of Dhul Hijjah
• Important to spend most of the time in Mina especially
the nights.
• Collect 21 pebbles 7 for each of the devils
• After stoning the jamrah then face the qiblah and make
dua (out of the way of any stoning)
• Ramy is not to be done before zawal.
• If the pligrim did not perform tawaf al-ifaadah then he
must do so on this day
• VIP vs. non-VIP
Day 5 12th of Dhul Hijjah
• The pilgrim does the same thing as the previous day, but
if he wants to leave should do so before maghrib
• If crowded and cannot do so then after maghrib is
permissible
Tawaf Al-Widaa
• Farewell Tawaf- last act to be performed before leaving
Makkah
• Wajib act of Hajj- if a person decides to leave the Haraam
and then come back he should still perform it before he
leaves
• If a person is staying in Makkah, he performs it before he
leaves
• Insha’Allah the Hajj is complete
Visting Madinah
• Not a part of Hajj
• Intention should be to visit the Masjid
• Enter pray two rakahs
▫ on the authority of Abu Hurayrah that the
Prophet, , said: "Performing a single prayer in this
mosque of mine is better than performing a
thousand prayers in any other mosque, except in
Al-Masjid Al-Haraam (the Grand Mosque in
Makkah)." [Al-Bukhaari and Muslim]
Entering the Masjid
• When a Muslim arrives at Al-Masjid An-Nabawi, it is
recommended for him to do the same that is to do
whenever he enters any other mosque, that is, to enter the
mosque with his right foot, and say, "Bismillaah; wassalaatu was-salaamu ‘ala Rasoollilaah. Allaahumma iftah
li abwaaba rahmatik (In the Name of Allaah; may Allaah
send blessings and peace upon the Messenger of Allaah .
O Allaah, open the gates of Your Mercy before me)” and,
“A‘oothu billaahi Al-‘Atheem wa biwajhihi Al-kareem wa
bisultaanihi Al-qadeem min ash-shaytaan Ar-rajeem (I
seek refuge with Allaah, the Most Great, and with His
Bounteous Countenance and Eternal Power from Satan,
the expelled (from the mercy of Allaah).”
Sending Salaam on the Messenger of
Allah ‫صلى هللا عليه و سلم‬
• After praying, it is recommended for one to go to the
grave of the Prophet, , and the graves of his two
Companions, Abu Bakr and ‘Umar and greet them,
saying, "Peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allaah,
and the mercy and blessings of Allaah; peace be
upon you O Abu Bakr; peace be upon you O ‘Umar."
Then, one should leave and not wait there, as Ibn
‘Umar and his father used to do whenever he
returned from a journey. If one is to say additional
supplications for them then that it is also
permissible, Allaah willing.
• Make sure you know what you are saying and make
Dua to Allah
Visiting Other Places in AlMadinah
• It is recommended for the person who lives in Madeenah
to perform Wudhoo’ (ritual ablution) his home and then
go to the mosque of Qubaa‘ and pray two Rak‘ahs there, as
the Prophet, , said: "Whoever performs Wudhoo‘ in his
home and then goes to the mosque of Qubaa‘ and prays
two Rak‘ahs there, (the reward of) that would be like the
reward of (performing) ‘Umrah." [Saheeh] [Ahmad, AnNasaa’i and others]
• It is also recommended visit the graveyard of Al-Baqee‘
and the graves of the martyrs of Uhud, for the Prophet, ,
would visit their graves and supplicate for them.
Moreover, the Prophet, , said: "I had previously forbidden
you from visiting graves, but you may now visit
them."[Muslim]