The Age of Exploration
a.k.a The age of Discovery
SSWH10. The student will analyze the impact of the age of
discovery and expansion into the Americas, Africa, and Asia.
a)Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include
Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher Columbus,
Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de
Champlain.
STOP, THINK, REVIEW
What is the definition of “Push
Factors” and “Pull Factors”?
Push factors are those
that make you leave
an area
Pull factors are those
things that draw you
into a new area
STOP, THINK, REVIEW
What are some push and pull
factors causing individuals to
migrate from one place to
another?
Almost all of the Push and Pull factors during
this time can be summed up into an easy
term called…
SSWH 10 (a) a)Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors
Live Polling
As members of the
Christian faith, it is our
duty to bring others to
know their God and to
worship him
•
As members of a universalizing religion,
Europeans had always seen spreading
Christianity as a good thing
•
Especially after the Reformation, competition
will spring up
•
Colonization will become a race to convert
native peoples to a particular brand of
Christianity
•
Jesuits (Catholics) are some of the most active
SSWH 10 (a) a)Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors
• Gold was a hot item that explorers were
looking for, but remember that it is really
wealth, not just literal gold that explorers
were after.
Money, money money,
money…..monaay!!!
• Europe needed gold (and silver) to fuel
the rising banking system
• Europeans also desired spices (Da
Gama’s voyage to India made him a
3000% profit!)
SSWH 10 (a) a)Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors
• Other natural resources would come
to be sold for profit as well (timber,
sugar, tobacco, ivory, etc.)
• This competition will be enhanced by
the idea of mercantilism that
emerges, the idea that there is only so
much wealth in the world, and that to
make your kingdom strong you must
have more gold and wealth than the
other kingdoms
•
Just like the second G, Gold, Glory
was a relatively new idea in Europe
•
Came out of the Renaissance ideal
of Humanism, and the focus on
individual achievement
•
With the rise of the printing press,
the idea of gaining fame for one’s
actions was more possible
•
Also, individual kings wanted glory
for their kingdoms, competition
spreads
SSWH 10 (a) a)Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors
• What do you think made it possible for these
early explorers to be so successful in conquering
the newly discovered people?
SSWH 10 (a) a)Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors
Now lets have a quick
moment to read some
interesting
information….any
volunteers???
After the Vikings, nearly 500 years passed before Europeans returned to the Americas. During this
time, most Europeans did not travel to unknown places. People believed it was too dangerous to go
too far out into the ocean. Sailors were afraid to travel out of sight of the coast line. They did not have
the tools to help them find their way. Once out of sight of land, they were unable to find their way back to
port. Most people of the time had very unusual ideas about the unknown ocean. They thought, if ships
went too far out into the ocean, they risked horrible sea monsters swallowing up their ships. Most
people did not understand the shape of the Earth. They thought the sun was so hot at the horizon that it
made the sea boil. Most knew it was round…but that could be sphere, bowl, or circle shape…so
understanding shape didn’t really help, but few thought it was flat.
It was a long time before Europeans had the technology that made long term sea travel possible.
Three factors kept Europeans from exploring the oceans. First, square-sailed ships were used by
European sailors. These ships were slow and could sail only with the wind. Square-sailed ships were
not able to sail into the wind. Sailors knew this could prevent them from returning home, if they had to
sail into the wind. With that worry sailing a long way from home wasn’t something they wanted.
Second, there were not many maps or good navigation equipment. Maps were different from one
another. No one knew which maps were correct. Ships' captains used a Jackstaff to determine their
location. This method was not very accurate. Captains had to guess how far they had traveled. With the
invention of the magnetic compass, astrolabe, and eventually sextant they now could make these long
trips across vast oceans.
And third, until the 1400s, Europe did not have strong central governments. Europe was divided into
small kingdoms and villages that were ruled by a noble. The nobles were too busy fighting each other
to care about exploration or searching the unknown world.
SSWH10 (a) Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco da Gama,
Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain.
Full Name – Christopher Columbus
Lived: (c. 31 October 1451 – 20 May 1506)
Major accomplishment/known for: was the first
explorer to cross the Atlantic Ocean and find new
land. He though he had found a new route to India
but landed in Modern Day Cuba and the Caribbean
Islands.
Sailed for - Spain
SSWH10 (a) Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher
Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain.
Full Name – Zheng He
Lived: (1371–1435)
Major accomplishment/known for: was the first
explorer from Asia to explore many areas in the
Pacific into India in an age when Europe was in the
mist of the Dark Ages
Sailed for – China (Ming Dynasty)
SSWH10 (a) Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher
Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain.
Full Name – Vasco da Gama
Lived: (c. 1460 or 1469 – 24 December 1524)
Major accomplishment/known for: was the first
explorer to navigate around the tip of Africa and
find a way to India (1497-1499)
Sailed for – Portugal
SSWH10 (a) Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher
Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain.
Full Name – Ferdinand Magellan
Lived: (c. 1480 – April 27, 1521)
Major accomplishment/known for: was the first
explorer to circumnavigate the world. Although he
would die in the Philippines his crew would finish
the voyage. Of the 237 men that started the trip only
18 would return to Portugal.
Sailed for – Portugal
SSWH10 (a) Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher
Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain.
Full Name - Hernando de Soto
Lived: (c.1496/1497–1542)
Major accomplishment/known for: was the first
explorer to cross deep into the interior of the
modern day United States. First European to
discover and cross the Mississippi River.
Sailed for- Spain
SSWH10 (a) Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher
Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain.
Full Name – Samuel de Champlain
Lived: (c. 1567 – December 25, 1635)
Major accomplishment/known for: Explored
modern day Canada and was the founder of the city
of Quebec.
Sailed for – France
SSWH10 (a) Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher
Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain.
Full Name – James Cook
Lived: (c. 7 November 1728 – 14 February 1779)
Major accomplishment/known for: One of the
foremost explorers of Asia. Although most of the
area was known his detailed island mapping and
contributions to science are his lasting legacies.
Sailed for – England
SSWH10 (a) Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher
Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain.
Watch Summary Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JY
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