Tale of the Tape:
The Challengers
Pit Stop
•
What were the Crittenden
Amendments
•
This state seceded first
•
Who was the president of
the South?
–
•
Government name?
What did the Compromise
of 1850 deal with?
 Who was John C.
Breckenridge? Why is he
important?
 What is the Freeport
Doctrine?
 What is the Wilmot Proviso?
Primary Source Daily
•
South Carolina Secedes?
War of Northern
Aggression?
Only 2 Federal forts remain in the
South
–
•
________________________
–
•
Lincoln is trapped
•
South Carolina sees it as aggression
and fires/captures Ft. Sumter
–
•
South seizes other government
buildings
April 1861
Throws out the talk of peaceful
solutions
More Secession
•
After Ft. Sumter more
secession
•
•
Border states
Border states have
________________________
•
Manufacturing aspects as
well
Border States

Lincoln’s Goal is to
______________________

Declares
_______________________

Sends troops to MO and western VA

North’s Purpose for War

5 Civilized Tribes

Sided with the _______________


Confederate government promises
to make federal payments to them
Sends troops to Confederate army
Divided We Fall…
•
Many volunteers in the
North to the South
–
•
Many volunteers in the
South to the North
–
•
Why?
300,000
Many families were split
apart
–
Lincoln had 4 brothers-inlaw fight for the
Confederacy
Foreign Aid
•
Trent Affair, 1861
•
Alabama
•
Britain eventually stops
because they realize they are
setting a dangerous precedent
•
–
Foreign Aid
 South needed help to win

Most of Europe ruling classes
are ______________


Hate ____________
Working class were for the
North

Couldn’ t vote but ruling class
didn’t want to anger them
 High unemployment in Britain
at the start of the war

Lincoln
 Unemployment relief
Foreign Flare Ups
•
France
–
–
•
Napoleon III
_____________________
–
Why is that an issue?
US remains careful until the
end of the war
•
Napoleon takes back
support and Max is
taken out
Canada
–
–
–
Canadians plan to
burn/steal from Northern
cities
Irish get together groups and
go invade Canada
Dominion of Canada is
created by Britain
Askin’ All Them Questions
 Who are the 2 presidents?
 What is Lincoln’s dilemma
with Ft. Sumter?
 Who are the Border states?
 What is transcendentalism?
 What is the Missouri
Compromise?
Making Statements,
Assuming
 What do you think the
advantages of the South will
be going into the Civil War?
 What does this remind you
of ?
The Tale of the Tape
 The South:
Tale of the Tape

Confederate Government



Can’t ___________________
Some states only want troops
to fight within their borders
Jefferson Davis

Wanted a ___________ central
government





Opposed
Was a good speaker, but butted
heads with his
cabinet/Congress
Didn’t listen to public opinion
Nervous breakdowns
Hard to handle military and
diplomatic handlings
South Finances During the
War
 Crushed
 Blockade and destruction

30% of nation’s wealth, 1861

12% of nation’s wealth, 1870
 Other Issues

Ripped up lines to repair others

Window weights used for bullets

Gourds were made into dishes
South’s Military Strategy
Raising Troops
 Southern Army

Volunteer at first

Had to go to conscription
sooner than the North

Why?

Hiring of substitutes was
allowed

Slaveowners with 20 or
more slaves could be
exempted
Raising Money: South
 Customs duties

Were cut off by Northern
blockade
 Bonds

Netted $400,000,000
 Taxes
 Paper money
Tale of the Tape
•
Northern strengths strongly
outweigh Southern strengths
in the long run
•
What Ifs
–
–
–
–
Border states seceded
Uncertain states like IL,
IN, OH seceded
Early defeats lead to an
armistice?
Britain/France help the
South
Askin’ All Them Questions

What is conscription

Explain the quote “Rich man’s
war…poor man’s fight”

What were some advantages for
the South? Disadvantages?

Fort Sumter

What is habeas corpus?

Who got rid of it? Why?
Tale of the Tape:
Defending Civil War
Champs
Previously

What is conscription

Where did large draft riots take place?
Who? Why?

Explain the quote “Rich man’s war…poor
man’s fight”

What were some advantages for either side?

What is habeas corpus?

Who got rid of it? Why?
•
Who are the 2 presidents?
•
What is Lincoln’s dilemma with Ft. Sumter?
•
Who are the Border states?
Tale of the Tape
 The North
Tale of the Tape
•
Government
–
•
Abraham Lincoln
Tale of the Tape
 Lincoln and the
Constitution

 Questionable actions
Raising Troops

North

Bounty Brokers


Enlisted multiple times to
collect signing bonuses
Draft riots, NYC, 1863

Irish

Lasted for 4 days

2,000 killed
Raising Money: North

Taxes

Customs duties

Paper Money


Bonds


$450,000,000 issued
2,500,000
National Banking System
PSD
Boom Time in the North

New Factories

What would’ve helped them?

Development of _______________

Labor Saving Machines

Petroleum


Found in PA, 1859
Pioneers move west

Free land in Homestead Act, 1862
Women During the War
 New opportunities for women

Clerks

Manufacturers
 400 posed as male soldiers

Spies
 Nurses
 Organized fundraisers
Askin’ All Them
Questions

Who was Clara Barton?

What were some economic
benefits for the North?

Why was Lincoln troubled
about Ft. Sumter?

What was the Lecompton
Constitution?
Union Military Strategy

Anaconda Strategy

Slowly suffocate the South with a blockade

Liberate slaves in the South

Seize the Mississippi River

Cut the South in half

Send troops through Carolina and Georgia

Decapitate it by taking Richmond

Engage everywhere possible

Grant’s idea
Naming of the Civil War
 The different sides had
different names for some of
the battles

North

South
 Also reflected in
______________
Battle of First Bull Run /
Manassas Junction

July 1861

Lincoln wants to try his unready
troops

Demonstrate Union power

Could lead to fall of Richmond


Only 100 miles away
Congressmen and spectators
showed up

Brought lunch pails and
carriages
Battle of First Bull Run /
Manassas Junction

Union does well at the beginning of the
battle

__________________ holds the line for
the South


Like a stone wall
Results

5,000 total casualties

_____________________________

Made South more confident

Some Southern soldiers deserted
thinking that the war was over

Southern enlistments dropped
Askin’ All Them
Questions

Why are there different names for certain
battles? One example.

What were Southern advantages during the
Civil War?

What was the North’s strategy to win the
war?

What were the Border states?

What happened at Ft. Sumter? Why was
Lincoln faced with a dilemma?

Who is Maximillian? Why is he put in?

What is conscription?

What happened with the Trent?

What was the Alabama? What are the
possible consequences of it?

Abraham Lincoln suspended this right in
order to preserve the Union.
1861-1863: The South
Rises!
George McCllelan & the
Peninsula

West Point grad


Fought in M-A war
Command of Army of Potomac

Hated to sacrifice troops

A “players coach”

Overcautious


Always thought he was
outnumbered
Constantly drills his army without
doing anything

Lincoln tells him to move forward
George McCllelan & the
Peninsula

McCllelan decides to take a water
approach, Spring 1861

After a month of fighting the
Union captures Yorktown



Wasn’t defended
well…shouldn’t have taken
that long
Lincoln diverts troops to chase
after Stonewall Jackson
Lee counter-attacks

__________________, June 1862

Union ends up retreating
Results of Peninsula
Campaign


South…winning (duh)

Lee loses 20,000

McCllelan looses 10,000
McCllelan removed from command


Temporarily
Lincoln


If Richmond had fallen

Union restored with slavery?
Battles on the Sea

What is Northern strategy?


Concentrated only on largest ports
Blockade running

Britain says its up to you

Profitable

Rendezvous in the British Bahamas


British later use this strategy in WW1
___________________________

_________________________

Monitor was the Union response

Two ships fought to a standstill

South eventually destroys theirs to keep it away
from the North

END of wooden ships
The South is Rising
 Second Battle of Bull Run,
August 1862

Lee attacked Union general
Pope

CSA wins convincingly
 Effects of South winning early

Infighting in the North


Example?
Lincoln is pressured to act on
slavery

Why?
The South is Rising
 Lee decides to _______________

Bring MD into the South

Encourage foreign intervention
 General Lee heads towards
Antietam Creek in
Maryland…(cue duh duh duh
duh music)
Askin’ All Them
Questions

What was the Merrimack?

Effect?

What was the Peninsula
Campaign?

Describe George McCllelan?

What happened at the 1st Bull
Run?
Battle of Antietam

September 1862

McCllelan is restored to
command

Union troops find a copy of Lee’s
battle plan

McCllelan is able to stop Lee’s
advance

Lee retreats

McCllelan lets him go
Effects of Battle of
Antietam

Bloodiest day of the war




4,000 dead
The South was on the verge
of winning the war
History Channel
 http://www.history.com/topics/battle-ofantietam/videos#the-battle-of-antietam
1863: Turning Points
Askin’ All Them
Questions
1.
What was the Merrimack?
1.
6.
This was the bloodiest single day of
battle during the Civil War:
Effect?
2.
What was the Peninsula Campaign?
7.
Why did Lee want to go to MD?
3.
Describe George McClellan:
8.
What was the Confederate capital city?
4.
What happened at the 1st Bull Run?
9.
What is habeas corpus? Why was it
suspended?
5.
What was Thomas Jackson’s nickname?
Where did he get it?
10.
What was the Emancipation
Proclamation?
Primary Source Daily
Emancipation
Proclamation
 Lincoln felt it was right

Border states were secured

Had a victory to hang his hat on

Issued on September 23, 1862

Official on Jan. 1, 1863
 What Did it Do?
 Strengthened morale
 Did away with ____________________
Emancipation
Proclamation
 Public reaction
African Americans in the
Civil War
 At the beginning

Only the US navy allowed
enrollment


Cooks
After the EP and enlistment #s
were low they were accepted
 180,000
 Why serve?
 Slaves in Confederate Army
Gettysburg Trailer
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Usg_Lh0UyMc
Gettysburg
 Prologue

Burnside replaces
McClellan

Attacked Lee at
Fredericksburg, VA


Loses 10,000
Battle of Chancellorsville
Gettysburg

Lee wanted to follow up Chancellorsville with
going into PA


Foreign intervention?
Meade replaces Hooker and takes his army to
Gettysburg, PA

92,000 (USA)

76,000 (CSA)

Why does Lee stop in Gettysburg? What does
this show?

Battle lasts for 3 days


Pickett’s charge is the final blow
TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Gettysburg
 Gettysburg Address

Dedicate the cemetery to
those that had fallen


51,000 wounded,
killed, captured,
missing
Two minute speech that
got little attention

Four score and seven
years ago…
Askin’ All Them
Questions
 What is the turning pint of
the Civil War?
 Why Gettysburg?
 What happened at
Chancellorsville?
 What is the bloodiest single
day of the war?
History Channel
Battle for the West
 US Grant

Mediocre student

Alcoholic
 Fort Donelson & Fort Henry

Grant’s first big wins

Keeps KY as a border state
and he asks for
unconditional surrender
from TN
Battle for the West

Battle of Shiloh

April, 1862

Was an important junction of
Confederate railroads

CSA is able to hold off Grant


Shows that the battles in the
West are also not going to be
easy
New Orleans

Spring 1862

North got control of MS River


Major supply line
Divide the South into two fronts
Battle for the West
 Vicksburg
 Effects of Gettysburg and
Vicksburg
1864: Don’t Change
Horses
Askin’ All Them
Questions
1.
What was the Merrimack?
1.
6.
This was the bloodiest single day of
battle during the Civil War:
Effect?
2.
What was the Peninsula Campaign?
7.
Why did Lee want to go to MD?
3.
Describe George McClellan:
8.
What was the Confederate capital city?
4.
What happened at the 1st Bull Run?
9.
What is habeas corpus? Why was it
suspended?
5.
What was Thomas Jackson’s nickname?
Where did he get it?
10.
What was the Emancipation
Proclamation?
Primary Source Daily
Sherman’s March to the
Sea
 Conquest of Georgia
 Purpose

Destroy supplies

Weaken morale

Increase desertions
 Effects

Shortened the war
Sherman’s March to the
Sea
 After Savannah Sherman
marches North
 South Carolina

Worse than in Georgia


Believed SC started it
Burned the capital of SC
 North Carolina
History Channel
 http://www.history.com/topics/william-tsherman/videos#shermans-terrifying-tactics
Askin’ All Them
Questions

This general was responsible for conquering
the Western front

What battle did Grant win on the same day
as Gettysburg


Effect?
This person captured Atlanta

His motives

Bloodiest single day of battle

1st land battle
Don’t Change Horses…

Political infighting

Republicans

Didn’t trust Lincoln on _____________


Democrats

No leader



Douglas dies 7 weeks before Ft. Sumter
War Democrats


Evidence?
Supported Lincoln
Copperheads
Charles Vallandigham

Convicted of treason

Banished to the CSA

Man Without a Country
Don’t Change Horses…

Lincoln (R) or (U)

Joined with the War Democrats

Strong opposition to nomination


Lacking force

Over ready to compromise

Not having won the war
Chose _____________ as running
mate

War Democrat


Ignorant backwoods
politiican
George McClellan (D)
Don’t Change Horses:



War sways election

When war was going badly, reelection was in doubt

Capture of ________________

Soldiers were allowed to cast ballots
Lincoln wins 212-21

2.2 million votes

1.8 million votes
With Lincoln re-elected South loses hope
of _______________

____________ increase sharply
Champion of the West


Grant replaces Meade

Failure to pursue Lee

Lincoln wanted a general who had
the nerve to
____________________
Grant’s plan


Attack enemy on all fronts so they
can’t help each other
Wilderness Campaign

May to June 1864

Grant surges to ______________

50,000 Union casualties
The Night They Drove Ole
Dixie Down

February 1865

Southerners try to negotiate
a settlement

Lincoln demands
emancipation

Capture of Richmond

Lincoln visits Richmond

Escort of soldiers

Black slaves greet him in the
streets
Grant v. Lee: Court of Public
Opinion

Grant


Rate of loss was 1:10
soldiers
Lee


Lee turns the war into a war
of ______________

Lee didn’t have enough
people to be offensive

Grant figured now he just
has to outlast Lee
History Channel
 http://www.history.com/videos/surrender-atappomattox-courthouse#surrender-at-appomattoxcourthouse
Askin’ All Them
Questions

Where did Lee surrender?

Why did Lincoln pick Grant?

What did Sherman do?

Describe how African Americans
participated during the war

What did the EP do?
Sic Semper Tyranus
Askin’ All Them
Questions

Where did Lee surrender?

Where did Lee surrender?

Why did Lincoln pick Grant?

Why did Lincoln pick Grant?

What did Sherman do?

What did Sherman do?

Describe how African Americans
participated during the war

Describe how African Americans
participated during the war

What did the EP do?

What did the EP do?
Primary Source Daily
Aftermath of the War
 Southern Attitudes After the
War
Now the Ages Have Him
 Impeach Lincoln?
Now the Ages Have Him
 April 15, 1865
 Ford’s Theatre

Date night with his wife

My American Cousin
 John Wilkes Booth
Now the Ages Have Him
 Martyrdom

Increased bitterness in
the North
 Many realize later that his
_______________ towards
the end of the war would
have been beneficial to the
South
The Second Civil War
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIC8ifQlDVY
Freedmans Bureau

Emancipation





Happens unevenly throughout the South

Union forces would emancipate only for them to forcefully be renslaved

Some wanted to remain loyal to their owners
All were eventually forced to emancipate
Reactions

Wanted to be called Mr. or Mrs.

Searched for long-lost relatives

Moved to look for opportunities
Churches

African American churches grew

Protection of emancipation
Education

Freedman built schools but couldn’t find qualified teachers

Got white women missionaries
Freedman’s Bureau


Why?

Many blacks were unskilled labor

They didn’t know how to survive
on their own
What

Provide

Organized the African American
vote to the ____________________

Ex-slave states divided into
districts
Freedman’s Bureau

Successes


200,000 became literate

Wanted to read the Bible

Close the gap
Failures

Were supposed to be settled on tracts of
40 acres



“40 acres and a mule”
Local administrators collaborated with
former plantation owners
End

Many feared end of white supremacy

Because it was used by the Republicans
increased animosity
Askin’ All Them
Questions

What was the period of reforms
after the Civil War called?

Created to give aid to former
slaves

Describe the progression of
emancipation

Why did the Freedman’s Bureau
fail?
President Andrew
Johnson
 Characteristics

Poor family from NC

Orphaned

Never went to school

Indentured servant

Hot-tempered, stubborn
 Vice President Johnson

Why?

Typhoid

President Andrew
Johnson
Political Beliefs


Enemies of Johnson

North


South


He was a sellout
Democrat


He was a Southerner who didn’t
understand
Never accepted by the Republicans
People

He was never chosen by the people
Paragraph Writing Practice
 Separate Grade
 The South should have been
dealt with harshly to punish
them for the Civil War
I Won’t Be
Reconstructed!
Askin’ All Them
Questions
1.
What was the Freedman’s Bureau?
6.
What was the 13th amendment?
2.
What was the 10% plan?
7.
Why would the South get more votes in
Congress after the 13th amendment?
3.
Explain “Sic semper tyranus”
8.
Where did General Lee surrender?
4.
This person assassinated Lincoln
9.
What were the Black Codes?
5.
Explain Andrew Johnson’s views on
civil rights and the political system:
10.
What type of agriculture did most
blacks engage in during the post-Civil
War era?
Primary Source Daily
Presidential
Reconstruction
•
10% Plan
–
•
Congress turns it down
–
–
Feared ___________________
Reenslavement of African Americans
Congressional Response
•
Wade-Davis Bill, 1864
•
Republicans
•
Lincoln _____________ the
measure
–
–
–
South left
They should be readmitted
as conquered territories
Refused to sign it after
Congress left so it expired
Moderate v. Radical
•
Moderate Republicans
–
–
•
Agreed with Lincoln that
the South didn’t leave
Wanted the South
readmitted under
Congress’ terms
Radical Republicans
Andrew Johnsons Plan
•
Andrew Johnson Plan
•
•
Any state complying would
be admitted swiftly
Congressional
Reconstruction
 Confederates

Voters chose former
Confederate leaders


Alexander Stephens
Republicans not in mood
to compromise

Their former enemies

A Constitutional
compromise is now
void

How does that
change things?
Congressional
Reconstruction
 How would the South
having more power change
things

Re-enslavement?

Lower tariffs?

Reroute transcontinental
railroad?

Repeal the Homestead
Act?

Cancel the national debt?
Johnson v. Congress


14th Amendment

Full citizenship

Any state that denies voting
will have representatives
taken away

Banned former Confederates
from re-entering the govt.

Repudiated Confederate
debts
Johnson urges Southern states
to reject amendment

December 1865

13th amendment


February 1866

Vetoes Freedman’s Bureau


Johnson = Union is good
Why? (try to remember
Disney quote)
March 1866

Civil rights bill is passed giving
full citizenship to blacks
Johnson v. Congress
 April 1866

Johnson vetoes CR Bill

Congress overrides it

2/ vote
 June

Push for a Constitutional
amendment

Why?
Johnson v. Congress




Reconstruction by the sword

Divided the South into military districts

Disenfranchised thousands of former
Confederates

Passed over Johnson’s veto
Steps to Readmission

Ratify 14th amendment

Guarantee in their state constitutions full suffrage
for former male slaves
15th amendment

Right to vote (NOT FOR WOMEN)

Just in case South was going to get tricky
Southern states readmitted in 1870
Johnson v. Congress



Congressional elections 1866

Johnson accuses Republicans of riots

Republicans get a 2/3 majority in
both houses
Radical Republicans

Senate: Charles Sumner

House: Thaddeus Stevens.

Wanted drastic change in the South
Moderates

Minority of Republicans

Wanted to protect states’ rights
Askin’ All Them
Questions
•
What was the Freedman’s
Bureau?
•
What did the Wade-Davis
bill stipulate?
•
What was Lincoln’s plan for
Reconstruction? Why?
•
What were the Radical
Republicans’ beliefs?
Realities of Radical
Reconstruction

Most Northern states didn’t let blacks
vote before the 15th amendment

Union League


Black political clubs

Organized for GOP

Expanded to help socially
Blacks in Office

Sat down with whites to hammer out
Constitution

Began being elected to office


2 Senators, 14 Representatives
Served in state governments
Second Civil War: Black
Codes
•
________________________
•
Southern states immediately
following Civil War
•
Intent
Second Civil War: Black
Codes
 Burden of African Americans

Had trouble being economically
independent

No capital of their own

Many became __________

Oppressive laws
Realities of
Reconstruction
 Reactions

Southerners deeply
offended

Scalawags

Carpetbaggers
Realities of
Reconstruction
 Positives
 Negatives
Realities of
Reconstruction

Ku Klux Klan

Founded in TN, 1866


Why?

White dress was supposed to
be intimidating

Used force

Many African Americans
start not voting
Force Bill 1870
Realities of
Reconstruction
 Failure to ____________
 Methods used to
disenfranchise
Pit Stop



What were the Civil Rights
amendments?
What was the KKK?
How were blacks disenfranchised?

Who were
scalawags/carpetbaggers?

Who was Thaddeus Stevens?

What was the Freedman’s Bureau?

What were the Black codes?

What was the 10% plan?

Why would the South get more
Reps?
I Won’t Be
Reconstructed!
Today in History…
•
Agreement in principle for
Treaty of Paris, 1782
•
Mark Twain is born, 1835
•
Thriller is released, 1982
•
Ken Jennings loses at
Jeopardy, 2004
•
2.5 million
Review
1.
What was the Freedman’s Bureau?
6.
What was the 13th amendment?
2.
What was the 10% plan?
7.
Why would the South get more votes in
Congress after the 13th amendment?
3.
Explain “Sic semper tyranus”
8.
Where did General Lee surrender?
4.
This person assassinated Lincoln
9.
What were the Black Codes?
5.
Explain Andrew Johnson’s views on
civil rights and the political system:
10.
What type of agriculture did most
blacks engage in during the post-Civil
War era?
Primary Source Daily
Legacy of Reconstruction
 Nobody knew what it would
be like
 Republicans
 Reconstruction goes bad
because
Johnson v. the World

Tenure of Office Act, 1867

Johnson fires Stanton



He was appointed by Lincoln
Radical Republicans draw up
______________________

High crimes and misdemeanors

Disgrace, ridicule, hatred
Johnson is impeached on Feb. 24,
1968
Johnson v. the World

Johnson avoids
___________________

Why?



People didn’t like the President Pro
Tempore of the Senate

Johnson promised to play nice
Results

Showed country was ___________

Avoided a dangerous precedent
Seward’s Folly


Russia wants to sell
____________

Overextended

Thought they would lose it
to Britain anyway

An economic liability
William Seward buys it for 7
million

Russia had been friendly
during Civil War

A lot of resources could be
there
Pit Stop

Why was Johnson
impeached?

What is the process for
impeachment?

What were the Black Codes?

What was Lincoln’s plan for
reinstatement?
Election of 1868



Ulysses S. Grant (R)

Thought a general would make a good president

Most popular

Secretary of War

No political knowledge

Reconstruction of the South under
federal/military guidance
Horatio Seymour (D)

Denounced military reconstruction

Debate over bonds

Eastern: gold

Midwestern: greenbacks
Grant wins 214-80
Rise of the Liberal
Republicans

Disgusted with corruption in Grant


Cleaned themselves up before they
were thrown out of office
Horace Greeley (LR)

Allied with Democrats

Wanted unity

Ulysses S. Grant (R)

Wins a mudslinging election 286-66
The Closest Election
EVERRRRR: 1876
•
Republicans
•
Democrats
•
Greenback Party
–
–
–
Rutherford B. Hayes
•
Governor of important
swing-state
–
Keep this in mind
Samuel Tilden
•
Got fame exposing
Boss Tweed in NY
–
Who is that?
Peter Cooper
•
What would they be in
favor of ?
The Closest Election
EVERRRR
•
Issues in the election
–
–
•
Civil Service Reform
An end of Reconstruction
Mudslinging
•
•
Democratic Strategy
–
–
Mississippi Plan
•
Carried out by Red Shirts and
the White League
The Closest Election
EVERRR
•
Nobody gets a majority of
__________________
–
At this point 185
•
Today 270
•
Tilden 184
•
Hayes 166
•
3 states send
____________________
–
–
–
Wins popular vote by
250,000
•
4% of the population
Florida, South Carolina, LA
Due to voting irregularities
The Closest Election
EVERRR
•
Compromise of 1877
•
Electoral Count Act
•
Democratic Reaction
•
Republicans concede
–
–
–
•
_________________________
Assured funding for Southern RR (not kept)
Deal holds on log enough for Hayes to be
inaugurated
–
3 days
Askin’ All Them
Questions

What was Credit Mobiler?

What was the Wade-Davis Bill?

What does that show?
What were some corruptions in Grant’s
administration?

What does “Sic semper tyranus” mean?

Why was he selected?

What was Lincoln’s plan for
reconstruction?

Why was Johnson impeached?

How was the South administered during
Reconstruction?

What were the Civil War amendments?


What did he do?