KING COUNTY SHERIFF’S OFFICE POLICE SERVICES PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM SUE RAHR, SHERIFF NOVEMBER 2011 Why are we talking about police partnerships? COST - Can’t sustain 18,000 separate police departments in this country Wasting scarce tax dollars creating and maintaining redundant infrastructures, services Can’t keep doing less under the current service delivery model EFFECTIVENESS - Can more effectively catch bad guys Communication and coordination of investigations improve Money saved by eliminating redundancies can be invested in new technology, training, etc… Good Public Policy We are the stewards of tax dollars We can achieve an optimum balance of local control and cost savings from economies of scale Frees up tax dollars for other public benefit Demonstrating Economy of Scale Average Cost of Police Services per Capita Comparing Contracts with other Cities What is a “Police Service Partnership?” “Police Service Partnership” A Police Service Partnership is an agreement between the Sheriff’s Office and an incorporated city (or other entity) for the provision of a specific set of police services, as agreed to by the customer. (Contract Policing) Why the Sheriff? The Sheriff has jurisdiction throughout the county, both in incorporated and unincorporated areas The Sheriff provides both regional and local service The Sheriff is elected by residents in both the incorporated and unincorporated jurisdictions in the county Regional vs. Local Services REGIONAL SERVICES (Provided on a countywide basis using regional tax dollars) LOCAL SERVICES (Provided to specific jurisdictions using local tax dollars) Air Support Bomb Disposal Homicide Investigations AFIS Child Find Civil Warrants Criminal Warrants Court Security Dignitary Protection Search and Rescue Sex Offender Registration Patrol Crime Prevention Investigations SWAT Team K9 Marine Unit Hostage Negotiation Fire Investigations E911 / Communications Major Accident Response Specialty programs *Regional due to mandate or funding, provided at no additional charge *Entity having primary jurisdiction bears the cost of providing these services The History First contract: City of North Bend, 1973 Two primary factors led to the increase in current customer base 1990 Growth Management Act - annexation requirements Sheriff’s Office desire to survive Some cities contracted initially as a short-term placeholder after incorporation but found it a cost-effective way to provide comprehensive, quality police services Key considerations – Local Control, Identity, Cost Containment Today, 45 partner contracts account for more than half of KCSO revenues and employees. Where we are today Today, KCSO provides full-service police departments to 12 cities in King County, and many other entities. Incorporated area, Contract Partners (blue) Incorporated area, Non-Contract (white) Unincorporated Area (green) Who we serve today 12 Municipal Contracts Beaux Arts Village Burien Covington Kenmore Maple Valley Newcastle North Bend Sammamish SeaTac Shoreline Skykomish Woodinville Who we serve today Transit Police Departments King County Metro Transit Sound Transit KC Airport Police & Fire Fighters Tribal Police Department Muckleshoot Indian Reservation Specialty and Seasonal Service Contracts School Resource Officers Marine Unit & Dive operations Forest Service (Baker/Snoqualmie) patrols KC Housing Authority residence patrols Fire Investigation services Basics & Benefits How We Build a Police Partnership Local Control & Identity The city chief is selected by the partner city; is responsible for the operations; reports directly to the city manger The city determines staffing level, services and police priorities. The partner city selects uniforms and vehicles with unique city markings Local Accountability The police are accountable to city officials and citizens. City chiefs and police officers are part of the community: Community events News distribution & communication Block and business watches Service organizations Liaison with schools Council meetings Partnership benefits Contract provides a complete police department Locally dedicated officers All support services and equipment Complete personnel management, legal services, investigative support (photo lab, evidence management, etc…) Quartermaster, fleet, radio communication, etc… Access to specialized services Computer forensics, accident reconstruction, SWAT, media relations, etc… Partnership benefits (cont.) Avoid infrastructure start-up costs Share in economies of scale Cost per employee goes down as number of employees goes up Key in very expensive facility investments (communications center, gun range) Liability Employees assigned to cities are indemnified by the county Single Inter-local Agreement individual invoices based on service selections Cross-dispatching cuts staffing needs (key cost saver!) Cross-Dispatching Deputies/Officers on the same radio frequency routinely cross jurisdictional lines to provide back-up This allows for a lower staffing level by both jurisdictions – each can staff for average call load, rather than the exceptions Example of mutual advantage: Two small neighboring cities, on different radio frequencies, will have to staff 2 officers per shift to ensure safe back-up (4 officers per shift between the 2 cities) Two small neighboring cities, on the same radio frequency, can each staff only 1 officer per shift and still ensure safe back-up (2 officers per shift between the 2 cities) Kenmore Police Department Police Chief Cliff Sether Dedicated Services Shared Services • City Chief • 11 Deputies • 1 Detective • Patrol supervision • Investigations • Clerical Support • Communications • Hostage Negotiation • Major Accident Investigation • Major Crimes Investigation • Special Assault Investigation • Marine Patrol • TAC-30/SWAT • Adm. oversight Total 2011 employees = 18.80 Woodinville Police Department Dedicated Services Shared Services • City Chief • Admin/Patrol Sergeant • 7 Officers • School Resource Officer • 1 Detective • Patrol supervision • Investigations • Clerical Support • Communications • Hostage Negotiation • Major Accident Investigation • Major Crimes Investigation • Special Assault Investigation • TAC-30/SWAT • Adm. oversight Total 2010 employees = 15.65 Police Chief Sydney Jackson Shoreline Police Department Police Chief Dan Pingrey Dedicated Services Shared Services • City Chief • Operations Captain • 6 Patrol Sergeants • 1 Admin Sergeant • 1 Detective Sergeant • 1 Street Crimes Sergeant • 29 Patrol/Traffic Officers • 1 School Resource Officer • 4 Detectives • 4 Street Crimes Detectives • 1 Community Service Officer • 2 Administrative Staff • Communications • Hostage Negotiations • Major Crimes Investigation • Special Assault Investigation • TAC-30 / SWAT • Adm. oversight Total 2010 employees = 68.28 Sammamish Police Department Police Chief Nate Elledge Dedicated Services Shared Services • City Chief • 2 Patrol & Admin Sergeants • 1 Detective Sergeant • 13 Patrol Officers • 3 Detectives • 2 School Resource Officers • Patrol supervision • Clerical support • Communications • Hostage Negotiation • Major Accident Investigation • Major Crimes Investigation • Special Assault Investigation • Marine Patrol • TAC-30/SWAT • Adm. oversight Total 2010 employees = 28.98 Show Me The Money! How do we calculate costs? What does that mean for the city, the county, the taxpayer? Overview of the City Contract Current Inter-Local Agreement signed in 2000 Cities negotiated as a group The current agreement is being rolled over annually Developed w/ Executive, Council, Sheriff, participating cities Cities have identical contract terms Cities participate in three groups, meet every other month: Oversight Committee: City managers Review policy issues, brief their city councils on the contract Finance Team: Finance directors Reviews all cost-related issues, reports to Oversight semi-annually. City Chiefs Group: Operational and staffing related issues 25 Contract Fundamentals • County may not profit or give away services (Accountancy Act – RCW 43.09.210) • Structured for mutual advantage • Average cost rather than marginal cost • Contract entities should control the levels of service and priorities for their police 26 Basic Contract Structure Service Package Cities purchase a “package” of services including a specific number of FTE’s of identified rank and specialty along with mandatory and optional support services. The services provided are divided into two categories: (1) Precinct/City Services and (2) Support Services. The contract has three defined models Flex – all services are shared (all deputies in green uniforms) Shared Supervision – cities select a mix of dedicated and shared services (some deputies in green, some in blue) City – all precinct level services provided by staff dedicated to the city; central support and specialty units are provided as a shared service (all deputies in blue) 27 Cost Model Fundamentals Support Services Included: Accounting/Payroll The unit cost for an officer includes all tools for the job. Computer Resources Evidence and Supply Internal Investigations Salary, benefits & retirement, overtime, special or duty pays Insurance, uniforms, equipment, vehicle, radio Support services and administration (see box) Personnel Services Contracting Support Crime Analysis Criminal Intelligence Legal Advisor Photo Lab Items excluded from the costs include: Regional county functions such as the Council Services that are regional or backed by other revenue Records Management Training Unit Polygraph Administration The method of establishing unit costs does not change from year to year. Minor adjustments may be made to central rate pass through costs upon analysis 28 Reactive Patrol Sergeant Cost Page Example Reactive Patrol Sergeant FTE Calc. Position/Title 42.00 Sergeant - Reactive Patrol 42.00 Special Pays: Sworn - Patrol 42.00 Overtime: Field Ops. - Sworn 2.00 Clothing Allowance 42.00 Quartermaster 42.00 Supplies: Field Ops. 42.00 Services: Field Ops. 42.00 Telephone 1.00 Motor Pool 42.00 Systems Services: Messaging 42.00 Insurance 42.00 800 MHz 42.00 Wireless Data 42.00 MARR Officer Accident Investigation 42.00 Div. Admn. Charges - Field Ops 42.00 Dept. Admn. Charges - Dept. 42.00 Dept. Admn. Charges - Sworn 42.00 Precinct Support Staff 42.00 TOTAL Salary 92,485 8,186 5,655 2,910 Benefits 33,876 1,055 729 375 Non-Salary 408 977 542 481 507,805 173 2,263 1,784 540 159 1,179 11,232 5,486 2,746 Reference Org: FOD Total 5,307,175 388,132 268,148 6,570 17,152 41,030 22,751 20,220 507,805 7,274 95,058 74,923 22,696 6,660 49,538 471,757 230,407 115,321 7,652,617 $7,652,617 ÷ 42 = $182,205 Dedicated: # FTEs * $182,205 = Charge Flex: # FTEs * $182,205* % DCFS = Charge (DCFS – dispatched calls for service) 29 Communications Center Cost Page Example Communications Center - E911 FTE Calc. Position/Title 1.00 Captain 1.00 Administrative Specialist II 1.00 Communications Operations Manager 69.00 Communications Specialist 8.00 Communications Specialist Supervisor 9.50 Communications Specialist Vapor 2.00 LAN Administrator - Journey 1.00 Project/Program Manager III 1.00 GIS Specialist 1.00 Duty Pays: Training/Holiday Pay 1.00 Special Pays: Captains 92.50 Special Pays: Professional Staff 91.50 Overtime: Comm. Center 1.00 Quartermaster 93.50 Supplies: TSD 1.00 Supplies: Comm. Center 93.50 Services: TSD 1.00 Services: Comm. Center 93.50 Telephone 1.00 Motor Pool 1.00 Capital: Comm. Center 93.50 Systems Services: Messaging 1.00 Systems Services: Access Interface (Comm. Center) 93.50 Insurance 1.00 800 MHz 1.00 Wireless Data 1.00 MARR Officer Accident Investigation 93.50 County Support Services: Building Occupancy 93.50 County Support Services: Tenant Charges 93.50 Div. Admn. Charges - Tech. Svcs. 93.50 Dept. Admn. Charges - Dept. 1.00 Dept. Admn. Charges - Sworn 1.00 Revenue: E911/PSAP 93.50 TOTAL Salary 110,516 46,356 96,326 52,193 76,009 2 64,365 89,711 68,039 65,000 10,539 493 4,361 Benefits 33,501 20,933 27,409 21,689 24,776 23,267 26,552 23,743 8,424 1,358 64 565 Reference Org: TSD Total 144,017 67,289 123,735 5,097,873 806,278 19 175,263 116,263 91,782 73,424 11,898 51,462 450,698 408 408 146 13,660 117,991 117,991 109 10,235 127,647 127,647 481 45,014 6,279 6,279 10,000 10,000 173 16,192 1,548 1,548 2,263 211,617 1,784 1,784 540 540 159 159 1,855 173,479 2,829 264,478 946 88,464 11,232 1,050,221 5,486 5,486 (764,587) (764,587) 8,590,614 Non-Salary Flex/Shared: % DCFS * $8,590,614 = Charge – (DCFS – dispatched calls for service) 30 Exhibit B Example (invoice) - City of Kenmore Kenmore Exhibit B Cost Book: Adopted Draft or Final: Final Date: 21-Apr-10 Input Based on 2010 Adopted Cost Book Dedicated Police Services Police Chief * Officers * Overtime Units Salary 1.0 11.0 $108,908 $80,934 Benefits Other $35,993 $32,387 Cost of Dedicated Personnel, Subject to Reconciliation Uniform, Equipment, and Supplies Vehicles Insurance, 800 MHz, etc. Subtotal, Dedicated Police Services Additional Police Services Precinct Command Staff Patrol Supervision Detective Supervision Shared Detectives Precinct Support Staff Communications/Dispatch Domestic Violence Intervention Unit Fraud Unit Hostage Negotiation Team Major Crimes Investigation Marine Unit MARR Unit SWAT (TAC-30) Team Units 13.20% 13.20% 14.92% 13.66% 13.75 3.10% 7.99% 20.00% 1.72% 2.75% 6.42% 3.22% 1.02% Total Cost 1.00 11.00 -- $1,468,051 12.00 $28,901 $145,908 $54,587 ---- $1,697,447 Salary Benefits $375,093 $104,994 $604,026 $209,589 $104,024 $35,364 $337,149 $131,279 Per Precinct FTE $4,802,143 $1,865,376 $252,862 $98,459 $84,287 $32,820 $6,053 $1,743 $2,253,510 $865,641 $654,328 $241,879 $656,596 $253,278 $322,576 $93,192 Other $39,199 $155,227 $19,991 $77,803 $2,746 $686,602 $58,352 $19,451 $1,722 $660,714 $357,688 -$266,493 $136,553 Subtotal, Additional Police Services FTEs $144,901 $1,246,536 $76,614 City Cost 12.00 FTEs $68,529 $106,546 $23,784 $74,622 $37,758 $227,643 $32,739 $27,312 $164 $104,000 $18,082 $20,686 $5,636 0.40 0.66 0.15 0.55 0.36 2.89 0.24 0.20 0.00 0.76 0.10 0.26 0.02 $747,500 6.58 $205,390 $83,674 1.55 0.61 $289,064 2.16 $25,766 $27,933 $53,698 0.00 $2,787,709 20.74 Police Support Services Payroll, crime analysis, evidence, recruiting computers, records, personnel, etc. Criminal intelligence, training, firing range Per All FTE Per Sworn FTE Subtotal, Police Support Services $11,232 $5,486 Additional Credits and Charges Overhead Charges Facility Charges 13.2% Subtotal, Additional Credits and Charges Total, Police Services Fire Investigation charge TOTAL CONTRACT COST, WITH FIRE INVESTIGATION $6,705 $2,794,414 20.74 31 KCSO Contracts Budget Impacts For over 10 years, nearly all of our discretionary expenditure growth has been backed by offsetting revenues and additional FTE’s for contract customers 32 Revenue makes up greater percentage of expenditures 13-Year Cumulative Revenue Growth $52.9M 296% 13 -Year Cumulative Net Expend Growth $25.4M 58.5% 33 Translates to a Relatively Low Cost Per Resident Average Cost Per Capita Comparison 2009 $350 $342 Contract cities $300 Avg of 12 Contract cities incl: Burien, Covington, Kenmore, Maple Valley, Newcastle, North Bend, Sammamish, SeaTac, Shoreline, Woodinville, etc., $250 $200 $179 $150 $133 $100 Other WA Cities Avg of 28 Puget Sound Cities Incl: Auburn, Bellevue, Bothell, Duvall, Edmonds, Federal Way, Issaquah, Kent, Kirkland, Lynnwood, Lake Forest Park, Mukilteo, Puyallap, Redmond, Renton, Seattle, Tukwila, etc., KCSO Unincorporated $50 $0 34 Contract cities Other WA Cities KCSO Unincorporated KCSO is a lean organization compared to both local and national averages Sworn Officers Per 1000 Comparison 1.80 1.80 1.60 Contract cities Avg of 12 Contract cities incl: Burien, Covington, Kenmore, Maple Valley, Newcastle, North Bend, Sammamish, SeaTac, Shoreline, Woodinville, etc., 1.40 1.20 1.00 1.01 0.80 0.77 0.60 Other WA Cities Avg of 28 Puget Sound Cities Incl: Auburn, Bellevue, Bothell, Duvall, Edmonds, Federal Way, Issaquah, Kent, Kirkland, Lynnwood, Lake Forest Park, Mukilteo, Puyallap, Redmond, Renton, Seattle, Tukwila, etc., KCSO Unincorporated 0.40 0.20 Contract cities Other WA Cities KCSO Unincorporated 35 Nat’l Average - 2.7 Per 1000 Lessons Learned – Keys to sustainability Trust Relationships Local control Identity Shared decision-making Transparency Cost Politics What’s Next? “Merger” with an existing department All city police personnel, including Chief, become Sheriff’s Office employees, staffing reductions through attrition Labor agreements will be negotiated Shared dispatching, records, evidence management Cross-Dispatching with independent cities Consolidate all police/fire dispatching Regional Teams (SWAT, K-9, Marine, officer involved shooting investigations) What stands in the way? Politics Egos Labor unions Aversion to change Questions?