Health, Poverty & Deprivation
Dr. Shahram Yazdani
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
School of Medical Education
Strategic Policy Sessions: 03
Poverty: At the Heart of Many
Vicious Cycles
Illiteracy
Poor
Neighborhood
Poverty
Dr. Shahram Yazdani
Ill Health
Social
Exclusion
Appropriate
Nutrition
Access
to Capital,
Income
Access to
Technology,
Market;
Generating
Employment
Opportunities
Appropriate
Housing
Income
Health, Education,
Generating
Skills
Capabilities
Income
Generating
Prerequisites
Security
for
Security
from
Disease,
Disability,
Income
Accident
Retirement
Generation
Access, Voice,
Power
And Vote
Wealth
Appropriate
Welfare
Recreation
Appropriate
Education
Appropriate
Health
Unemployment; Lack
Lack of
of Access to Capitals,
Opportunity
Technology,
Market
Lack
of
Illness,
Illiteracy
Lack
of Skills
Capability
Lack of Income
Generating
Prerequisites
Financial Shocks Due to
Disease,
Disability
Vulnerability
Accident, Retirement
Voicelessness,
Votelessness
Powerlessness
Lack of Influence
Poverty
Poor
Nutrition
Addiction
Poor
Housing
Prostitution
Poor
Deprivation
Recreation
Crimes & Social
Runaway
Pathologies
Poor
Education
Begging
Poor
Health
Violence
Specific Pro-poor Policies
Unemployment; Lack
Lack of
of Access to Capitals,
Opportunity
Technology,
Market
Lack
of
Illness,
Illiteracy
Lack
of Skills
Capability
Poverty
Financial Shocks Due to
Disease,
Disability
Vulnerability
Accident, Retirement
Voicelessness,
Votelessness
Powerlessness
Lack of Influence
Social
Primitive
Risk
Protection
Prevention
Reduction
Strategies
Poverty
Prevention
Primitive
Eliminating
Prevention
Strategies
Poor
Nutrition
Addiction
Poor
Housing
Prostitution
Poor
Recreation
Crimes & Social
Runaway
Aberrations
Poor
Education
Begging
Poor
Health
Violence
Deprivation
Secondary
Therapy
Reducing
Prevention
Strategies
Social
Rehabilitation
Tertiary
Rehabilitation
Prevention
Strategies
Specific Pro-poor Policies
Unemployment; Lack
Lack of
of Access to Capitals,
Opportunity
Technology,
Market
Lack
of
Illness,
Illiteracy
Lack
of Skills
Capability
Poverty
Financial Shocks Due to
Disease,
Disability
Vulnerability
Accident, Retirement
Poor
Nutrition
Addiction
Poor
Housing
Prostitution
Poor
Recreation
Crimes & Social
Runaway
Aberrations
Poor
Education
Begging
Poor
Health
Violence
Voicelessness,
Votelessness
Powerlessness
Lack of Influence
Social
Protection
Strategies
Opportunity Strategies
Specific Pro-poor Policies
Poor
Nutrition
Addiction
Poor
Housing
Prostitution
Poor
Recreation
Crimes & Social
Runaway
Aberrations
Poor
Education
Begging
Poor
Health
Violence
Unemployment; Lack
Lack of
of Access to Capitals,
Opportunity
Technology,
Market
Lack
of
Illness,
Illiteracy
Lack
of Skills
Capability
Poverty
Financial Shocks Due to
Disease,
Disability
Vulnerability
Accident, Retirement
Voicelessness,
Votelessness
Powerlessness
Lack of Influence
Social
Protection
Strategies
Capability Strategies
Specific Pro-poor Policies
Poor
Nutrition
Addiction
Poor
Housing
Prostitution
Poor
Recreation
Crimes & Social
Runaway
Aberrations
Poor
Education
Begging
Poor
Health
Violence
Unemployment; Lack
Lack of
of Access to Capitals,
Opportunity
Technology,
Market
Lack
of
Illness,
Illiteracy
Lack
of Skills
Capability
Poverty
Financial Shocks Due to
Disease,
Disability
Vulnerability
Accident, Retirement
Voicelessness,
Votelessness
Powerlessness
Lack of Influence
Social
Protection
Strategies
Security Strategies
Specific Pro-poor Policies
Unemployment; Lack
Lack of
of Access to Capitals,
Opportunity
Technology,
Market
Lack
of
Illness,
Illiteracy
Lack
of Skills
Capability
Poverty
Financial Shocks Due to
Disease,
Disability
Vulnerability
Accident, Retirement
Voicelessness,
Votelessness
Powerlessness
Lack of Influence
Social
Protection
Strategies
Poor
Nutrition
Addiction
Poor
Housing
Prostitution
Poor
Recreation
Crimes & Social
Runaway
Aberrations
Poor
Education
Begging
Poor
Health
Violence
Empowerment Strategies
Specific Pro-poor Policies
Unemployment; Lack
Lack of
of Access to Capitals,
Opportunity
Technology,
Market
Lack
of
Illness,
Illiteracy
Lack
of Skills
Capability
Poverty
Financial Shocks Due to
Disease,
Disability
Vulnerability
Accident, Retirement
Voicelessness,
Votelessness
Powerlessness
Lack of Influence
Poverty
Eliminating
Strategies
Poor
Nutrition
Addiction
Poor
Housing
Prostitution
Poor
Recreation
Crimes & Social
Runaway
Aberrations
Poor
Education
Begging
Poor
Health
Violence
•Cash Assistance Strategies
•Income Support System
Specific Pro-poor Policies
Unemployment; Lack
Lack of
of Access to Capitals,
Opportunity
Technology,
Market
Lack
of
Illness,
Illiteracy
Lack
of Skills
Capability
Poverty
Financial Shocks Due to
Disease,
Disability
Vulnerability
Accident, Retirement
Voicelessness,
Votelessness
Powerlessness
Lack of Influence
Non-Cash Assistance Strategies
Poor
Nutrition
Addiction
Poor
Housing
Prostitution
Poor
Recreation
Crimes & Social
Runaway
Aberrations
Poor
Education
Begging
Poor
Health
Violence
Deprivation
Reducing
Strategies
Specific Pro-poor Policies
Unemployment; Lack
Lack of
of Access to Capitals,
Opportunity
Technology,
Market
Lack
of
Illness,
Illiteracy
Lack
of Skills
Capability
Poverty
Financial Shocks Due to
Disease,
Disability
Vulnerability
Accident, Retirement
Voicelessness,
Votelessness
Powerlessness
Lack of Influence
Poor
Nutrition
Addiction
Poor
Housing
Prostitution
Poor
Recreation
Crimes & Social
Runaway
Aberrations
Poor
Education
Begging
Poor
Health
Violence
Special Groups Support Strategies
Social
Rehabilitation
Strategies
Targeting
Specific Pro-poor Policies
Diagnosis
Diagnosis
Diagnosis
Diagnosis
Based
Individual
Assessment,
or Type
of Service
The
Public
Type
coston
health
Ioferror:
targeting
subsidies
To classify
is the
is economic
as
the“non-poor”
sumGroup
ofvalue
all Characteristics,
someone
resources,
of all resources
who
expressed
isSelf-targeting,
truly
devoted
poor
in monetary
to the
targeting
terms,
effort.
The
allocated
Type
effectiveness
II error:
by theTo
government
ofclassify
targeting
asisto
“poor”
the
the proportion
health
someone
sector.
who
of theissubsidy
not poorthat reaches the intended beneficiaries.
Risk
Reduction
Prevention
Therapy
Rehabilitation
Specific Pro-poor Policies
Pro-equity Policies
In Ethiopia growth could have reduced the poverty headcount by some 31 per cent between 1981-95.
Yet, because of changes in the distribution that contributed to a 37 percent increase in poverty,
the final effect has been a net increase in poverty of 6 per cent.
The case of Indonesia between 1996 and 1999 is the opposite. There, distributional changes compensated
for the adverse effect of growth on poverty.
Pro-poor Growth Policies
A poverty line
be absolute
lessconcept.
than $1 daily)
Poverty
is acan
dynamic
not(e.g.
static
or relative (e.g. less than 50% of average earnings).
Frequency
60
40
20
Growth Effect
on Poverty
Poverty Line
Distribution Effect on Poverty
Pro-equity Policies
•Income Redistribution
•Public Consumption
Frequency
60
40
20
Growth Effect
on Poverty
Poverty Line
Distribution Effect on Poverty
Thank You !
Any Question ?