Ali can’t play basketball because he is short.
Ali can’t play basketball, for he is short.
Ali can’t play basketball since he is short.
Ali can’t play basketball as he is short.
Ali can’t play basketball because of his height.
The plane couldn’t land because the weather was bad.
The plane couldn’t land, for the weather was bad.
The plane couldn’t land since the weather was bad.
The plane couldn’t land as the weather was bad.
The plane couldn’t land because of the bad weather.
Keep the door closed: kapıyı kapalı tut
Keep your room tidy: odanı düzenli tut
Keep small objects out of reach
Küçük nesneleri ulaşılamayacak bir yerde tut
Keep your room tidy.
DON’T keep your room untidy.
Keep your feet hot.
DON’T keep your feet cold.
You must keep your room tidy.
Odanı düzenli tutmalısın.
You must keep your feet hot.
Ayaklarını sıcak tutmalısın.
You mustn’t smoke.
You mustn’t feed animals in the zoo.
You mustn’t tell lies.
You mustn’t drive without a licence.
May
Might
Could
should
May have
Might have
Could have
Should have
Verb1
PRESENT
Verb3
PAST
Now
YESTERDAY
Ali got a low mark. Past tense / GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN
He might NOT have studied his lesson.
He may NOT have studied his lesson.
He could NOT have studied his lesson.
The student was crying. Past tense/GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN
He might have injured himself.
They didn’t eat the meat. It was too salty.
She should have put LESS SALT on it.
Türkan has not felt herself well for an hour.
She may eat something poisonous.
Zehirli bir şey yiyebilir.
She should have eaten something poisonous.
Zehirli bir şey yemeliydi. (ama yemedi)
She will have eaten something poisonous.
Zehirli bir şey yemiş olacak.
She might have eaten something poisonous.
Zehirli bir şey yemiş olabilir.
Work
Don’t work
NEVER work
Sleep
Don’t sleep
Never sleep
Learn
Don’t learn
Never learn
Smoke
Don’t smoke
Never smoke
Drive fast
Don’t drive fast
Never drive fast
Be rude
Don’t be rude
Never be rude
As
While
Just as
- İken PAST CONTINUOUS
As they were leaving,
While they were leaving,
Just as they were leaving,
WHEN they left,
WHEN + SIMPLE PAST
U S E D TO + V1
He used to run
Koşardı.
He DID not USE to run.
Koşmazdı.
DID he USE to run?
Koşar mıydı?
Have somebody do something
Birisinden bir şey yapmasını RİCA etmek
Make somebody do something
Birisine ZORLA bir şey yaptırmak
Do: yapmak
Force: zorlamak
As: çünkü
So: bu yüzden
Therefore: bu yüzden
Just as: -iken, (while)
Can do: yapabilir
Can BE done: yapıLabilir
Can love: sevebilir
Can BE loved: seviLebilir
Can wash: yıkayabilir
Can BE washed: yıkaNabilir
Can solve: çözebilir
Can BE solved: çözÜLebilir
Eski alışkanlıklarımızı anlatmak için USED TO V1 yapısını
kullanırız.
He used to drink milk.
I used to live in Karabük.
We used to eat junk food.
They used to use typewriters.
get somebody to do something “ikna”
Make somebody do something “zorla”
Get your child to sleep
Make your child sleep
Çocuğunu uyut “ikna ederek”
Çocuğunu uyut “zorla”
How often: Hangi sıklıkta, ne kadar sık
Always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never
Once, twice, three timeS, four timeS
Once a day
Twice a week
Three times a month
Three hours a night
How often do you go to the cinema? (always)
I
always
go
to the cinema.
I always go to the cinema.
How often do you go to the cinema? (once a week)
I
go
to the cinema
once a week.
I go to the cinema once a week.
The body needS to rest.
We need to understand each other
We need to drink enough water.
Was surfing
now
is surfing
At this time yesterday
Sörf yapıYORdu
PAST CONTINUOUS
Had been surfing
now
Past
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT PERFECT
Action FINISHED
Has surfed
now
Action CONTINUING
or finished
Has been surfing
Past
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
now
carry out (v): uygula, yap
Can carry: uygulayabilir, yapabilir
Can BE carried: uygulaNabilir, yapILabilir
Will carry out: uygulayacak, yapacak
Will be CARRied OUT: uygulaNacak, yapILacak
Must carry out: uygulamak zorunda, yapmak zorunda
Must BE carrIED out: uygulaNmak zorunda
yapILmak zorunda
have been working
Scientists………………………………… (work) for ages.
have been teaching
I ……………………………………. (teach) English for 19 years.
has prepared
She …………………………(prepared) the meal.
It smells delicious.
have read
We …………………………….. (read) two books recently.
has eaten
Ali ………………………….. (eat) ten apples so far.
For the past five years
5 4 3
for
2
1
Can do: yapabilir
Must do: yapmak zorunda
Must have done: (kesinlikle) yapmış olmalı
Could have done: (zayıf olasılık) yapmış olabilir
Therefore
THUS
so
bu yüzden, bu sebeple
He didn’t study. Therefore, he failed.
He didn’t study, so he failed.
He didn’t study; THUS he failed.
There is no electricity. Therefore we can’t watch tv.
There is no electricity, so we can’t watch tv.
There is no electricity; THUS we can’t watch tv.
Since he is fat, he can’t run fast.
As he is fat, he can’t run fast.
He can’t run fast because he is fat.
He can’t run fast, for he is fat.
Since
As
Because
for
sentence