Federalism: Forging a Nation Chapter 3 © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Federalism: National and State Sovereignty The Argument for Federalism Authority divided into two levels: national and regional Protects liberty Moderates government power by sharing Strengthening the union © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Federalism: National and State Sovereignty The Powers of the Nation Enumerated 17 powers powerssecure defense & stable commerce Implied powers “necessary and proper” actionsgovernment support © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Federalism: National and State Sovereignty The Powers of the States Oversight safety of public morals, education, and © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Federalism as a Governing System, Figure 3-1 © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Federalism in Historical Perspective An Indestructible Union (1789-1865) The nationalist view: McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) The states’-rights view: The Dred Scott Decision (1857) © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Federalism in Historical Perspective Dual Federalism and Laissez-Faire Capitalism (1865-1937) Dual Federalism: separation of national from state power The Fourteenth Amendment and State Discretion © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Federalism in Historical Perspective • Dual Federalism and Laissez-Faire Capitalism (1865-1937) Judicial Protection of Business Supreme National court restricted national power Authority Prevails © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Federalism in Historical Perspective Toward National Citizenship Equal civil rights across all states Fourteenth Exceptions: schools Amendment death penalty, quality of public © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Federalism Today Interdependency/Intergovernmental Cooperative federalism: shared policy responsibilities National, state, and local levels work together Medicaid: health insurance for the poor Education Law enforcement Transportation © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Federalism Today Government Revenues and Intergovernmental Relations Fiscal Federalism Categorical and Block Grants © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Federalism Today A new Federalism: Devolution Budgetary The Pressures and Public Opinion Republican Revolution Devolution, Judicial Style © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. The Public’s Influence Setting the Boundaries of Federal-State Power Roosevelt’s “New Deal”jobs during the Great Depression Lyndon Johnson’s “Great Society”increased social services © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. The Public’s Influence Setting the Boundaries of Federal-State Power Republican successes in Congressional elections due to public’s dissatisfaction with the federal government © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.