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Middle kingdom was period of stable government between periods of disorder
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The New Kingdom, Egyptian trade & military power reached their peak, but Egyptians greatness did not last
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Work and daily life were different for of Egypt's social classes.

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End of old kingdom in 2200 B.C
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Mentuhoteps's rise to power
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Middle Kingdom: a period of order and stability that lasted until about 1750 BC
Problems: internal
Invasion: Hyksos
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Used chariots, iron weapons
Lower Egypt (200 years)

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Beginning 18 th Dynasty
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Ahmose (pharaoh or king)
Declared king of all of Egypt
Defeated Hyksos
New Kingdom: Egypt reached the height of its power & glory last from 1150-1050

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Control Invasion routes
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Hyksos
Syria
Eastern shore of Mediterranean
Kingdom of Kush
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Became leading military power
 Ruled from Euphrates to Nubia

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Trade expanded
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Trade routes: paths followed by traders
Queen Hatshepsut
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Sent traders to Greece, Punt, & Asia Minor
$ spent on buildings & arts

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What did they trade?
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Turquoise, copper
– Sinai Peninsula

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Ramses the Great
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Fought Hittites
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Signed a peace treaty
Allies
Tehenu
Sea Peoples
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Lost Asia
New Kingdom ended
• Violence, invasion, disorder

• Scribes
• Artisans
• Artists
• Architects
• Soldiers
• Farmers & Peasant
• Slaves
• Family live

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Worked for
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Government
Temples
Did not pay taxes
Became wealthy

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Artisans : advanced skills
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Sculptors, builders, carpenters, jewelers, metal workers, leather workers
Worked for
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Government temples

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Rise in status
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Land as payment
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Keep treasure taken during war
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Promotions to officers

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Most of population
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Prepared the land for farming
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Harvested
Gave crops to pharaoh
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Taxes
Special duties
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Building pyramids, mining gold, fighting wars

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Had some legal rights
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Could earn freedom
Farming, building projects, household work

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Own home
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Married young
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Women had some legal rights
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Own property or divorce husbands
Jobs: priestess, artisans, administrators
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Children played games & went to school