周朝
Zhou Dynasty
周朝Zhou Dynasty
•周朝（約公元前1046年-公元前256年）共
791年。
• Zhou Dynasty (about 1046 BC – 256 BC),
total of 791 years, is the longest dynasty in
Chinese History.
周朝的建立
Establishment of Zhou Dynasty
•商紂王政治腐敗，周武王興兵伐紂，滅了
商朝, 建立周朝。傳奇小說封神榜即描寫武
王伐紂的故事。
• Because of political corruption of King
Zhou of Shang Dynasty, King Wu of Zhou
destroyed the Shang Dynasty and
established the Zhou Dynasty. Novel
Legends of the Gods describes this story.
封建制度 Feudalism
•周朝行封建制度。周武王封王族和功臣為
諸侯，給他們農村和土地，於是周朝有許
多諸侯國。
• Zhou adopted feudal system. King Wu of
Zhou awarded family members and
subordinates with farm and land, so there
were many vassal states during the Zhou
Dynasty.
諸侯Feudatory
•周朝諸侯分為公、侯、伯、子、男五等爵
位。
• Feudatories of Zhou can be classified into
5 titles: Duke, Marquis, Count, Viscount,
and Baron.
社會階級制度
Social Class System
•周朝建立了社會階級制度分出天子、 諸侯、
大夫、 士人、 庶人五個社會階級。
• Zhou established a social class system
including kings, feudatories, doctors,
knights, and commoners, five social
classes.
引申詞語Extended Terms
•王公貴族 : Noble Men
•王子 : prince
• 公子
: Son of noble man, later used to
desribe other’s son, for example, 您的公子
•士大夫: originally mean government
officers, later used to describe scholars
who studied only for officer positions.
井田制度
Land Law
• 周朝實行井田制度，中央為公田，周圍為
農民的私田。
• Zhou practiced a well shaped land law, the
central fields belong to the public, and
around them are the private lands for the
peasants.
西周的滅亡
Downfall of Western Zhou
• 到了周幽王時，幽王寵愛妃子褒姒，廢申后和太
子，又戲弄諸侯。犬戎舉兵攻周，殺了幽王。諸
侯擁立太子為平王並東遷雒邑史稱東周。
• To the King You of Zhou, he favored concubine,
banished queen and prince, teased feudatories.
Quan Rong attacked Zhou and killed King You.
Feudatories crowned Prince and moved capital
east. In history it is known as the Eastern Zhou
Dynasty.
引申詞語Extended Terms
•一笑傾國，一笑傾城: A smile can destroy
a country
•傾國傾城 : 形容女子的美艷 describes a
glamorous woman