Which method of fighting do you feel
would be more effective—hand-to-hand
combat or guerrilla warfare?
A. Hand-to-hand combat
B. Guerilla warfare
A. A
B. B
Chapter 6 The American
Revolution (1776-1783)
Section 3 The War Moves West
and South
How did fighting in the West and
South affect the course of the
Revolutionary War?
Native Americans
• Mohawk chief Joseph
Brant and other Native
Americans were concerned
about the events of the
Revolutionary War
• Battles took place with
Native Americans along the
Western frontier
• Some sided with the
Patriots
• Most sided with the British
• The British seemed like
less of a threat
With whom did most Native Americans
side during the American Revolution?
A. Britain
B. America
A. A
B. B
0%
A
0%
B
The British and Native Americans
• Brant and allies raided
American settlements
• In New York and
northern Pennsylvania
• Henry Hamilton was
the British commander
at Detroit
• Hamilton’s nickname
was the “hair buyer”
because he would pay
for American scalps
Vincennes
• George Rogers Clark from
the Virginia militia set out to
stop the attacks on western
settlers
• July 1778- Clark and 175
soldiers went down the Ohio
River
• Took Kaskaskia and then
Vincennes
• Henry Hamilton then took
Vincennes back in December
• Clark vowed to get it back
• February 1779- Clark
surprised the British and
forced Hamilton to surrender
• This strengthened the
American position in the West
Glory at Sea
• Battles raged on
sea
• The British navy
kept the Patriots
ships from entering
or leaving
American harbors
• The blockade
prevented supplies
and reinforcements
from reaching the
Continental Army
Privateers
• Continental Congress
ordered 13 warships built
• Only two sailed, the others
were captured by the
British
• The American navy was
too weak to operate
effectively
• Congress authorized about
2,000 ships to sail as
privateers
• Privately owned with
weapons
• Getting crews for these
ships was easy because it
was very profitable
• The privateers captured
more British ships than the
American navy
Of the thirteen American warships built to
fight the British, how many actually made it
to sea?
A. One
B. Two
C. Five
D. Ten
0%
A
A.
B.
C.
0%
D.
B
A
B
C
0%
D
C
0%
D
John Paul Jones
• John Paul Jones raided
British ports
• Near Great Britain in
September 1779
• Jones’ ship, the Bonhomme
Richard, met the British ship
the Serapis escorting merchant
ships
• The two ships fought for hours
• Jones’ ship was sinking and
the British captain asked him to
surrender
• Jones responded “I have not
yet begun to fight”
• In the end the Serapis’ captain
surrendered
Struggles in the South
• In 1776, the Americans
crushed the Loyalists at the
Battle of Moore’s Creek
• Also saved Charles Town
from the British
• It was a small battle, but its
impact (effect) was great
• 1778- The British saw that
they were no closer to
victory, so they moved the
war to the South
• There were more Loyalists
there
• They could also use their sea
power more in the South
British Victories
• Late 1778- General Henry
Clinton sent 3,500 troops
from NY to take Savannah
Georgia
• The British occupied the
coastal cities and overran
most of the state
• Early 1780- Clinton himself
headed south with a large
army to attack Charles Town
• Charles Town surrendered in
May
• Patriots lost about 5,500
soldiers
• Worst American defeat of the
war
New Commander in the South
• Clinton returned to NY,
leaving General Charles
Cornwallis in command
of the British forces in the
South
• Horatio Gates was sent to
face Cornwallis
• The armies met at
Camden, South Carolina
• The British won
• The British army soon met
a new kind of warfare
Guerrilla Warfare
• The British didn’t get the
Loyalist support they
expected
• Small forces of Patriots
attacked the British as they
moved across the
countryside
• These bands used guerrilla
warfare (hit and run attacks)
• Caught the British off guard
• Francis Marion, the Swamp
Fox, operated out of the
swamps in South Carolina
• One British colonel grumbled
that “the devil himself” could
not catch Marion
Francis Marion, a successful guerrilla
leader, was known by what nickname?
A. Hiding Francis
B. Merry Marion
C. The Swamp Fox
D. The Mountain Man
0%
A
A.
B.
C.
0%
D.
B
A
B
C
0%
D
C
0%
D
Help From Spain
• Bernardo de Galvez loaned
thousands of dollars to the
Americans
• Galvez opened the port of
New Orleans
• Tons of supplies and
ammunition were shipped
up the Mississippi River
• With these supplies, George
Rogers Clark captured key
posts
• 1779- Spain declared war
on Britain
• Galvez raised an army of
Spanish soldiers along with
Creoles, Native Americans,
and African Americans
• Captured key forts and
opened supply lines for
military supplies from Spain,
France, Cuba, and Mexico
Patriot Victories
• The British moved northward
through the Carolinas in September
1780
• Patriots defeated the British at
Kings Mountain and brought new
support for independence
• October 1780- Nathaniel Greene
replaced Gates as commander in
the South
• Greene avoided full scale battles
and split the army in two
• The British were defeated at the
Battle of Cowpens under Patriot
General Daniel Morgan
• The forces were reunited in March
and met Cornwallis’ army at
Guilford Courthouse (Greensboro,
NC)
• Greene’s forces were forced to
retreat
• The British sustained (suffered)
great losses
British Retreat
• Cornwallis knew he had to act
quickly to win the war
• More French troops were on
the way
• Lord Cornwallis marched to
Virginia in April 1781
• The British almost captured
Governor Thomas Jefferson
and the Virginia legislature
• Jefferson fled on horseback
• Washington sent Lafayette
and General Anthony Wayne
to fight Cornwallis
• Cornwallis set up camp at
Yorktown and waited for
further orders from Clinton in
New York
How did fighting in the West and
South affect the course of the
Revolutionary War?
-George Rogers Clark’s victories helped
strengthen the American position in the
West
-In the South, the American strategy of
guerrilla warfare, along with aid from the
Spanish, helped defeat the British
campaign there
Chapter 6 Section 3 Quiz
More Native Americans fought with the
British than with the Americans during the
Revolutionary War.
A. True
89%
B. False
ls
e
Fa
Tr
ue
11%
The British decided to concentrate their
efforts in the South partly because the South
had many Loyalists.
A. True
79%
B. False
ls
e
Fa
Tr
ue
21%
The British captured both Savannah,
Georgia, and Charles Town, South Carolina.
58%
Fa
ls
e
42%
Tr
ue
A. True
B. False
Supplies and reinforcements could not
reach the Continental Army because of
a blockade.
lack of money.
British spies.
Native Americans.
95%
5%
ns
es
.
er
ic
a
sp
i
N
at
iv
e
Am
rit
is
h
B
m
of
ck
la
0%
.
0%
y.
on
e
e.
ka
d
bl
oc
a
A.
B.
C.
D.
The hit-and-run technique of fighting, which
caught the British off guard, is called
A. face-to-face
combat.
B. guerrilla warfare.
C. shipboard fighting.
D. swamp fighting.
95%
5%
g.
ht
in
am
p
sw
ar
d
ip
bo
sh
0%
fig
ht
in
fig
w
ar
a
er
ril
l
gu
g.
fa
re
.
t.
m
ba
co
e
-fa
c
ce
-to
fa
0%
Participant Scores
500
500
Kyle Diller
Jeremiah Turner
500
500
500
Tyler Buzzard
Levi Cross
Hayley Stone
500
500
500
500
Jerry Hively
Susan Kempf
Mark Smith
Tyler Rieman
400
Tianna Lambert
Team Scores
441.67
400
Boys
Girls