Nationalism vs.
Patriotism
and
International Hotspots
How do you define
patriotism?
Patriotism – loyalty and support for
one’s country. It is the belief that
citizens should obey their country’s
laws and rally to its defense.
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
How do you define
nationalism?
Nationalism– the belief that each people or ethnic
group, known as a “nation,” should have its own
government and nation-state. Nationalism is often the
belief that one’s country is among the very best
countries in the world. Some nationalists feel that
their country is so superior that they have the right to
take territory from or to even rule over others.
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Imagine a country is attacked. How
would people with patriotic feelings
probably react to this travesty?
What are some examples of
countries that react with patriotic
feelings?
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Imagine a different country is attacked.
How would people with nationalist
feelings probably react to this travesty?
What are some examples of
countries that react with
nationalist feelings?
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Countries
throughout
Europe celebrate
Bastille Day.
Bastille Day is a
celebration of
the day that the
French stormed
the Bastille
fortress-prison
on July 14, 1789.
This storming is
seen as the
uprising of a
modern nation
and the
reconciliation of
the leaders in the
French
monarchy.
Bastille Day celebration
in France
Why is Bastille
Day considered
a day of
celebration in
France? a
celebration
Is this a picture
of patriotism or
nationalism?
Why?
How is this
celebration a
day of
patriotism?
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
What similar
holidays are
celebrated
around the
world?
Patriotism or nationalism? Why?
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Watch the video about a
Nazi Youth Rally.
Take notes of examples of nationalism that
you see throughout the video.
What strategies does Hitler use to build such a
strong sense of nationalism in the youth?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZuMajt-qooE
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Should the government
Should the
be
allowed
to
read
government ban
emails and texts in the
all cell phone use
interest of national
in moving
security?
vehicles?
Should the
Should the
government get
government ban
rid of social
the sale of hand
security?
guns?
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
International “Hot
Spots”
•Russia and Chechnya
•Israel and Palestine
•Iran and Nuclear Energy
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Russia and Chechnya
Directions: Students will need the assignment
called “Crisis in Chechnya.” The next 4 slides
can be shown on the screen or printed for
student use.
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Can you identify Chechnya?
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Background: The Soviet Union was formed after the Russian Revolution in 1917. In 1991, the
Soviet Union dissolved into several independent states. The largest of these states was Russia.
There are many ethnic minorities in Russia still.
The Chechens are one of these minority groups. They live near the Caucasus Mountains. During
WWII, the Chechens sided with Germany. Stalin heard about this and deported many of them
to Siberia. The 800,000 Chechens that were deported were allowed back to Chechnya following
the death of Stalin in 1957. The strong sense of Chechnya nationalism is a result of the struggles
that the people of the country faced after WWII. The sentiment of the Sunni Muslim Chechens
is a stronger hatred of Russia than many of the other Russian territories
They have fought for independence from Russia many times. Separatists have declared
independence and instigated terrorist bombings. The Russian army has used force against
Chechnya to try to regain order.
So…who is right?
Should Chechnya be an independent country or
should they have to stay with Russia?
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
The Chechen Viewpoint
The Chechen people have a long history of fighting against foreign rule. They consider Russia to
be foreign because the Chechen’s have their own language and traditions that are different than
that of the Russians.
Chechnya has been struggling for independence for many years. When the Soviet Union broke
apart in 1991 many Soviet federations gained independence. Chechnya tried for independence
also but Boris Yeltsin denied their request. The Chechens had an uprising and the Russian
military was sent in.
In 1994 Russia invaded Chechnya again and a bloody, deadly war ensued. 80,000 Chechens
were killed in this battle and the Russian army looked ill prepared and equipped. Chechen
militias lost control and local warlords began to take over.
Following more battles in 1999, the Chechens were perceived with racist sentiments and
blamed for a series of bombings in Moscow that killed 300 people. The new president, Vladimir
Putin, led a full scale, brutal attack on Chechnya. Half of the 1.3 million residents were said to
have fled the country. The European Union and the G8 threatened to isolate Moscow if the
brutal attacks on innocent civilians continued. The Human Rights Watch continues to monitor
the situation and has found evidence of torture, murder and abuse by the Russian army.
The Chechen president has offered a cease fire and over time rebels have continued to fight the
Russians for independence. Tensions are still very high as most Chechnya citizens still want
independence from Russia.
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
The Russian Viewpoint
The Russians have pointed out before that every country has minority groups
that would like to become an independent country. If every group was allowed
to secede the world would be all mini-states. If the Russians granted Chechens
independence than all of the other minority groups would want to become
independent also.
Another reason Russia does not want Chechnya to become independent is
because the Chechens have used terrorism in their efforts to gain independence.
In 2004, they bombed a school and killed almost 200 students. They have also
been linked to Al Qaeda.
There are many ethnic Russians living in Chechnya and Russians are fearful that
they will be abused if Chechnya were to secede.
A final reason that Russia may not want Chechnya to secede is because of the
significant amount of oil that comes from this area. A major oil pipeline runs
across Chechnya to the Ukraine. Grozny, Chechnya has a major oil refinery in it.
This refinery is important to Russia because so much oil is processed there.
Russia takes great care to make sure that western countries are not involved. As
long as Chechnya is par of Russia, Moscow will have a say in the oil that runs
through it.
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Israel and Palestine
Refer to the lessons on the Planner for
this topic. It has been addressed
several times over the course of the
year.
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Iran and Nuclear Energy
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Background Information
Many world leaders believe Iran is developing nuclear weapons
and claiming that they are only building nuclear power to help
with energy in their country. The United States and the
United Nations have enforced strict sanctions against Iran for
continuing with their nuclear enrichment program.
What is a
sanction?
What is an example of
an economic sanction?
What is an example of a
political sanction?
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Iran’s View
Iranians claim they are a major power in the Middle East. They also claim that they are
building nuclear reactors for peaceful purposes. The peaceful purposes include a source
for future energy and for radiation therapy for cancer patients.
Iran’s religious leaders have actually issued a decree banning nuclear weapons.
Iran also feels that it is hypocritical of the United States and other countries to ban
weapons in Iran when they have them in their country.
Arak Heavy Water Plant - Heavy water is used to moderate the
nuclear fission chain reaction either in a certain type of reactor.
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Iran’s View
Iran's President Ahmadinejad, during an interview with NBC anchor Brian Willians in July
2008, also dismissed the utility of nuclear weapons as a source of security and stated:
“Again, did nuclear arms help the Soviet Union from falling and disintegrating? For that
matter, did a nuclear bomb help the U.S. to prevail inside Iraq or Afghanistan, for that
matter? Nuclear bombs belong to the 20th century. We are living in a new century ...
Nuclear energy must not be equaled to a nuclear bomb. This is a disservice to the society
of man.”
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Iran’s View
And according Ali Akbar Salehi, the head of Iran's Atomic Energy Organisation:
“In matters of national security we are not timid. We will assert our
intentions. If nuclear weapons would have brought security, we would have
announced to the world that we would go after them ... We do not think a
nuclear Iran would be stronger ... If we have weapons of mass destruction we
are not going to use them – we cannot. We did not use chemical weapons
against Iraq. Secondly, we do not feel any real threat from our neighbours.
Pakistan and the Persian Gulf, we have no particular problems with them, nor
with Afghanistan. The only powerful country is Russia in the north, and no
matter how many nuclear weapons we had we could not match Russia. Israel,
our next neighbour, we do not consider an entity by itself but as part of the US.
Facing Israel means facing the US. We cannot match the US. We do not have
strategic differences with our neighbours, including Turkey.”
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
The View of Iran’s Critics
Critics of Iran believe that Iran is gathering uranium so they can create nuclear
weapons. Many people wonder why Iran would need to have nuclear energy when
they are sitting on a wealth of oil that can be used for energy.
There are also concerns from critics that Iran has an untrustworthy government. It
has used brutal force against peacefully protesting citizens. Another fear is that
Iran would use their nuclear weapons against Israel or that they might sell the
weapons to Islamic terrorists. The Middle East is already an area with unrest and
turmoil. Nuclear weapons in the area could further increase that.
In the past Iran has repeatedly violated United Nation rules.
Because Iran is considered to be powerful in the Middle East there is also fear that
if they had nuclear weapons that other countries might want to obtain them also
to keep the balance of power in the region.
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
So…what is the solution?
Should Iran be able to develop
nuclear energy like the rest of the
world?
View the next two maps regarding
nuclear power and nuclear weapons
before answering the question.
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Map used with permission from Ben Hennig at www.viewsoftheworld.net
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Chapter Study Cards
•
To make good decisions, government
officials should:
•
The Importance of Different
Viewpoints
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
•
Citizenship Practices
–
–
–
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Chapter Study Cards
Case Studies of Contemporary
Challenges
Cultural Beliefs
•
Terrorism –
• Patriotism –
•
Russian and Chechnya –
• Nationalism –
•
Israel and Palestine –
•
Iran and Nuclear Energy -
• Cultural Beliefs –
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.
Answer the following
Questions
• How are government decisions made?
• How do citizens participate in government?
• How are government policies shaped by
cultural beliefs?
• How are government decisions and
international issues often influenced by
different points of view?
Property of Garland ISD. All rights
reserved.