Chapter 39
The Stalemated
Seventies
1968–1980
Median Family Income, 1970–2001
During the long post-World War II economic boom (from about 1950 to 1970), family
incomes increased dramatically, but after 1970 “real,” or inflation-adjusted, incomes
stagnated. Prosperity in the late 1990s led to a slight upward trend, though adjusted
median family income began to decline in the early years of the twenty-first century.
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Statistical Abstract of the United States, 2003, and John J. McCusker,
“Comparing the Purchasing Power of Money in the United States (or Colonies) from 1665 to 2003,” Economic History Services, 2004.
The Nixon Wave
During Richard Nixon’s presidency,
Americans experienced the first serious
inflation since the immediate post-World
War II years. The inflationary surge
grew to tidal-wave proportions by the
late 1970s, when the consumer price
index rose at an annual rate of more
than 10 percent.
New York Daily World
President Richard M. Nixon
Reversing Kennedy’s inaugural plea to “bear any burden,” Nixon told Congress in February
1970, “America cannot--and will not--conceive all the plans, design all the programs,
execute all the decisions and undertake all the defense of the free nations of the world.”
Constantine Manos/ Magnum Photos
Cold War? Not for Some
This poignant cartoon reminds its
audience that while the rhetoric of the
day might have been about a "Cold
War," as America pursued its anticommunist policies around the world,
some Americans were paying a very
real price.
Portland Oregonian
The War at Home
Antiwar students clash with police in
Ann Arbor, Michigan, in 1970.
Black star/ Stockphoto.com
Some Chicken, Some Egg, 1975
This cartoon pokes fun at Henry
Kissinger as a global statesman.
Serving first as President Nixon’s
national security adviser and then as
secretary of state in the Nixon and Ford
administrations, the German-born
Kissinger brought with him to
Washington a sophisticated--some said
cynical--view of the world honed during
his nearly two decades as a political
science professor at Harvard.
The Economist
Balancing Act
Nixon treads delicately between the two
communist superpowers in 1973,
holding some of the wheat with which
he enticed both into detente.
Ranan R. Lurie/ Cartoonnews International
Presidential Election of 1972 (with electoral vote by state)
Nixon buried McGovern in this election, but when his administration soon thereafter began
to sink in a swamp of scandals, bumper stickers appeared in Boston proclaiming, “Don’t
blame me, I’m from Massachusetts.”
Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin Company. All Rights Reserved.
John Dean Testifies at the Watergate Hearings
When Dean’s testimony was later corroborated by tape recordings of presidential
conversations, President Richard Nixon was forced to resign. Behind Dean is his wife,
Maureen.
© Bettmann/ CORBIS
Nixon, the Law-and-Order-Man
While Nixon had successfully
campaigned on a platform of
conservative "law and order," the
American public was about to find out a
very different reality.
New York Newsday
How Long Will Nixon Haunt the
GOP?
Doubts about Ford’s pardon of Nixon
clouded his brief presidency.
Joseph Smith
Passing the Buck
A satirical view of where responsibility for the Vietnam debacle should be laid.
Copyright Jules Feiffer
The Last Days of Saigon
Violence often attended the frantic
American evacuation from Vietnam in
1975.
© Bettmann/ CORBIS
Boat People
Vietnamese refugees flee to freedom.
Black Star/ Stockphoto.com
Preserving the Past
A Vietnamese American boy learns classical calligraphy from his grandfather.
Lawrence Migdale
Anti-feminist Phyllis Schlafly (b.
1924)
Schlafly traveled the country promoting
her “STOP ERA” campaign. She argued
that ratification of the Equal Rights
Amendment would undermine the
American family by violating “the right of
a wife to be supported by her husband,”
requiring women to serve in combat,
and legalizing
Joan Roth/ Archive Photos/ Getty Images
A Sad Day for Old Glory
In 1976 America’s bicentennial year, anti-busing demonstrators convulsed Boston, the
historic “cradle of liberty.” White disillusionment with the race-based policies that were a
legacy of Lyndon Johnson’s “Great Society” programs of the 1960s helped to feed the
conservative, antigovernment movement that elected Ronald Reagan in 1980.
Stanley Forman
Celebrating the Camp David Agreement, September 1978
Anwar Sadat of Egypt (left) and Menachem Begin of Israel (right) join U.S. president Jimmy
Carter in confirming the historic accord that brought hopes of peace to the war-torn Middle
East.
Black Star/ Stockphoto.com
Historical Double Take
Many Americans who looked back
reverently to Theodore Roosevelt’s
“Rough Rider” diplomacy were outraged
at the Panama “giveaway.” But the
Carter administration, looking to the
future, argued persuasively that
relinquishing control of the canal would
be healthy for U.S.-Latin American
relations.
©Valtman/Rothco
Two-Way SALT Talks
The grim specter of nuclear holocaust haunted the SALT II talks between Carter and Soviet
leader Leonid Brezhnev in Vienna in June 1979.
Uluschak/ Edmonton Journal/Rothco
Iranians Denounce President
Jimmy Carter, November 1979
Scenes like this one appeared almost
nightly on American television during
the 444 days of the Iranian hostage
crisis, humiliating Carter and angering
American citizens.
Henri Bureau/ Corbis-Sygma