Distribution and supply Chain
Management – Importance in the
African Continent
Pesticide use in Kenya is only slightly
older than 100 years
Distribution and supply Chain
Management – Importance in the
African Continent
The main widely used pesticide were
use in 1906 for tick control on
livestock
Distribution and supply Chain Management – Importance in
the African Continent
Due to over use of the products and in
wide areas, resistance set in and has
continued to develop and thereby herald
the introduction of newer molecules.
Currently new molecules are a
mirage
Distribution and supply Chain Management –
Importance in the African Continent
All over the world and particularly
in the sub-sahara Africa, it is the
over use of land with one crop over
a period that has helped the
multiplication of pests in a given
commercial region for both crop
animal industry.
Distribution and supply Chain Management –
Importance in the African Continent
The advent of colonial regimes
in Africa and the transition to
internal independence “self
governance” have played havoc
to the status of supply and
distribution of any intervention
chemicals in Africa
Distribution and supply Chain Management –
Importance in the African Continent
Independence in Africa started with
Liberia in 1847. Most of self
governance happened between
1951 (Libya) and 1975 (Angola).
Distribution and supply Chain Management –
Importance in the African Continent
Where liberation was followed by
civil war, little can be said about
commercial activity in agriculture
except by government managed
systems. It will be a few years
before a vibrant agribusiness can
arise.
Distribution and supply Chain Management –
Importance in the African Continent
Where liberation was followed by
some resemblance of peace,
commercial activity in agricultural
systems have evolved though partly
also complicated by aggressive land
subdivision resulting to subsistence
farming.
Distribution and supply Chain Management – Importance in the African
Continent
•Independence = land subdivision =
subsistence farming
•These is not an economic venture
•Distribution and mounting a supply chain
into a subsistence livelihood is the main
challenge which Governments have
continued to battle with.
•Governments are never the best agents of
change from a social to a commercial system
Distribution and supply Chain Management –
Importance in the African Continent
•Where Governments are still supporting the
subsistence farming, the supply chains are heavily
dependent on Government tenders and supply
systems
•Characterized by:
1. Inefficiencies
2. Wastage / pilferages
3. Slow development
Distribution and supply Chain Management –
Importance in the African Continent
•Governments are never the best agents of change
from a social/ subsistence to a commercial system.
•Credit must be given to private entrepreneurs and
None Governmental Organizations (NGO), that
have mounted programs that try to reverse the
objectives of activities in the rural area into
commercial activities.
•Example: in Kenya
Distribution and supply Chain Management –
Importance in the African Continent
•Example: in Kenya
1. Milk production in 1963 ( immediate post
independence period) was just under 800 mio Lt. In
2012 the production stood at 5billion lt.
2. This story is the same for maize, wheat and meat
products
•It is this kind of economically viable production
systems that become indicators for where “Supply
and Distribution” systems will thrive.
Distribution and supply Chain Management –
Importance in the African Continent
Pesticides Manufacturers all over
the world formulate pesticides
targeting markets where usage is
economically viable for business of
pesticides.
Distribution and supply Chain Management – Importance in
the African Continent
1. Manufacture of Pesticides in the
sub-sahara Africa is mainly
happening in South Africa.
2. In the east, central and western
Africa, Pesticides are mainly
imported ready for use (or for easy
dilution just before application)
Distribution and supply Chain Management – Importance in the African
Continent
1. The distribution and supply chain management
of pesticides has several challenges:
1.1 Registration:
- Pesticides are regulation in
- varying degree and intensity.
- Operation in more than one country in eastern
Africa have the task of identifying the
regulatory requirements and comply.
Distribution and supply Chain Management –
Importance in the African Continent
2. Safety: the use of pesticides
requires a level of safety measures
initially dictated by the level of toxicity
of the products but further dictated by
the consumers. Where the use of the
pesticide is of international commercial
level, the safety requirements may be
dictated by authorities well beyond the
registrants in the local individual
countries.
Distribution and supply Chain Management –
Importance in the African Continent
3. Proper use: the level of literacy is
paramount in the interpretation of what
are the appropriate methods of handling
a pesticide. It is this not just whether the
labels are appropriate but beyond the
label, the question of internalizing the
need to properly use and apply the
pesticide is related to level of literacy in
the region.
Distribution and supply Chain Management –
Importance in the African Continent
4. Affordability: the poverty index in
the region is quite high compared to
other regions in the world. This dictates
the land use parcel size and crop type. In
terms of distribution of the pesticides,
the smaller the parcels of land the
smaller the pack sizes that are used to
deliver the pesticides to the farms.
Distribution and supply Chain Management – Importance in
the African Continent
1.
The stake holders have a reason to look for
platforms for decision making:
1. To find the most efficient Chemical
production systems closer to the industry.
2. The most economical distribution systems –
passing the advantages to the farmer
3. Finding the safest methods of operating
with chemicals as the necessary evil for
now
Distribution and supply Chain Management – Importance in
the African Continent
1.
Speaking for Africa today:
1. Collaboration with India and China is
currently the most sexy business lifestyle.
2. Managing to find partners where quality
will be assured is the main challenge that
new partnership seekers have to contend
with.
3. Business is a love story (Not a marriage)–
one has to be always ready to change
with the business trends when the tide
changes (They always change).
Distribution and supply Chain Management – Importance in
the African Continent
Use this forum wisely and may all our businesses
thrive in 2013 going forward.
END !