Being Grounded
in Philanthropy
Navigating Legal
and Ethical Issues
Strategies for Professional
Excellence and Personal
Satisfaction
Making Sound Funding
Recommendations
Maximizing Grant Impact
Communicating Funding
Recommendations and
Decisions
Managing Your Grant
Portfolio
WELCOME TO
Being Grounded
in Philanthropy
Faculty – Being Grounded in Philanthropy
Meet the Faculty
Insert Picture
Here
Maggie Gunther Osborn
Vice-President
Florida Philanthropic Network
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Being Grounded in Philanthropy
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Session Goals
(P. 1)
This session will prepare you to…
• Function with awareness of the macro context of field
• Benefit from others’ experiences and knowledge of philanthropy
…by helping you understand:
• The role of philanthropy in society
• Key events in the development of philanthropy
• The infrastructure that supports philanthropy
• Current issues and debates about philanthropy
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Being Grounded in Philanthropy
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Session Agenda
• Introduction and icebreaker
• Definition and types of grantmaking entities
• Size and scope of philanthropy
• Critical events in organized philanthropy
• The role of philanthropy in society
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Exercise: Philanthropy Bingo
(P. 2)
• Move around, talk to others, and fill in the cells. (You may use
the same person’s name in multiple cells.)
• Try to be the first person to complete one full line (vertical,
horizontal, or diagonal).
• Yell “BINGO” when you fill in one full line!
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A Foundation Is…
(P. 3)
• An entity established as a 501(c)(3) or charitable trust
• Principal purpose is to make grants to unrelated organizations,
institutions, or individuals
• For scientific, educational, cultural, religious, or other
charitable purposes
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Types of Grantmaking Entities
(P. 6)
• Foundations:
Private. Funded mostly by one donor or family:
 Corporate
 Family
 Independent (grantmaking or operating)
Public. Funded by many sources:
 Community foundations
 Funds serving certain population groups or issues, e.g.,
women’s or health funds
• Other:
Corporate giving programs, trusts
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Philanthropy Facts
(Source: The Foundation Center – 2011) (Page 8)
• 76,545 foundations in the United States
• Over 72% are unstaffed
• 63.2 percent have under $1 million in assets
• $590.2 billion in assets, $45.7 billion in grants
• 89% are private, grantmaking
• Philanthropy: 13% of charitable giving
• Five states hold 49% of assets. Which ones?
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Figure 1. Non-Operating Foundations
Make Up the Majority of the 76,545 Foundations
(Source: The Foundation Center – 2011)
Private “non-operating”
(68,508) 89.6%
89.6%
1.0%
Operating (4,567) 5.9%
Corporate (2,733) 3.6%
3.6%
Community (737) 1.0%
5.9%
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Number/Size of U.S. Foundations
(P. 7)
(Source: The Foundation Center – 2011)
ASSETS
NUMBER
PERCENT
60
0.1
200
0.3
50m–250m
1,245
1.60
10m–50m
4,558
6.00
1m–10m
22,101
28.90
Under 1m
48,381
63.20
$1b or larger
250m–1b
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Figure 2. Private Non-Operating Foundations
Do Most of the $45.7 Billion in Total Giving
(Source: The Foundation Center – 2011)
9.0%
10.3%
Private “non-operating”
($32.8 billion) 72%
7.4%
71.1%
Operating ($4.2 billion) 9%
Corporate ($4.7 billion) 10%
Community (4.2 billion) 9%
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Figure 3. Health and Education
Receive the Most Grant Dollars
(Source: The Foundation Center – 2011)
2.6%
0.9%
2.0%
10.5
Arts/Culture 10.5%
11.8%
Education 23.3%
Environment/Animals 7.4%
5.5%
Health 22.4%
23.3%
Human Service 13.1%
International Affairs 5.5%
13.1%
Public Affairs 11.8%
Science/Technology 2.6%
Social Science 0.9%
7.4%
Religion 2.0%
22.4%
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Exercise: History of Organized Philanthropy
Write your name, position, foundation’s name, location, and year
founded on the 8.5’ x 11’ paper with marker.
 If you are not sure of the founding year, guess.
 If you do not currently work for a foundation, use the
organization you most recently worked or volunteered for.
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Exercise: History of Organized Philanthropy
• Create a “human timeline” by standing chronologically by the
founding date of your foundation.
• Bring your paper with you. Hold it up.
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Number of Foundations Established by Decade (P. 11)
(Source: The Foundation Center – 2011)
YEAR ESTABLISHED
NUMBER
Pre-1900-1919
1920–1939
1940–1959
1960–1969
1970–1979
1980–1989
1990–1999
2000–2009
205
356
2,537
1,857
1,267
4,471
10,143
*8,602
Data limited to 32,131 grantmaking foundations with at least $1 million in assets or making grants of $100,000 or more in 20082009. *Data incomplete for the period 2000–2009.
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Key Events: Growth of Philanthropy
(Pages 10-11)
1910–30:
First private/community foundations
1930–50:
Corporate giving tax incentives
1950–70:
GE Fund matches employee contributions;
United Negro Appeal founded
1970–90:
Growth of philanthropic infrastructure
organizations, social venture philanthropy
1990–present:
Corporate: Gates, Buffet, Google;
identity-based philanthropic groups
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Growth of Diversity in Philanthropy
1960
1971
1980
1982
1984
1985
1989
1990
(P. 14)
Combined Jewish Philanthropies
21 Century Foundation; Association of Black Foundation
Executives
First Nations Development Institute
Funders for Lesbian and Gay issues
Hispanics in Philanthropy; Seventh Generation Fund
for Indian Development (1984)
Women’s Funding Network, Hopi Foundation
Latino Community Foundation
Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders in Philanthropy, Native
Americans in Philanthropy, Disability Funders Network,
Asian Pacific Community Fund of Southern California
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Summary: Themes in Evolution of Philanthropy
• Expansion – of foundations
• Regulation – Tax Act of 1969
• Diversification – types of foundations, giving circles,
identity-based giving
• Infrastructure – 50 affinity groups, national and regional
associations, academic centers, consultants
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Role of Philanthropy in Society
(Pages 17-19)
• Are foundations unfairly privileged? Should they be more
accountable? How and to whom?
• Is organized philanthropy making a difference?
• What is the impact of the Gates Foundation – a mega
foundation – on the face of philanthropy?
• Are foundations at the pinnacle of their growth and
contribution? Will they decline in prominence in the future?
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Reflections
• Has anything surprised you about philanthropy’s past or
present? What did you learn?
• Where do you think that philanthropy is headed?
• Welcome to the field. You are a part of its future.
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