MAJOR
COMPARISONS/ANA
LYSES
By: Deneshia W. and Kayla E.
Compare Hinduism and
Confucianism
Hinduism
 Was a minor religion of classical India.
 Developed gradually over a period of many
centuries.
 Monotheistic.
 Goal to attain nirvana.
 Popular in china.
Confucianism
 Dealt with obedience and respect.
 Based on Chinese values.
 Elements were: polite, ritual, self control, etc.
 Sought elegant calligraphy in cultivation of scholar
bureaucrats.
Comparison
Conficianism
Hinduism
•Spirituality
•Religious
•Social system
•Worship more than one deities
•Believe in reincarnation
•Look into
lifes
meanings
•Similar
social
hierarchy
•Look for
common
good
•Political and social
philosophy
•Family based
•Peace
•Tolerant
•Respect family always
•Patriarchal
Compare the role
of women in
different belief
systems: Buddhism,
Christianity,
Confucianism,
Hinduism
R ol e s of w om e n i n
Buddhism and
C h r i st i ani t y

Christianity
Women were considered as
property
Subordinate to their husbands
Take care of the family
Women are to obey their husband
They are to take care of their
husband
Buddhism
Women were
confined to
household
Didn’t restrict
educational rights for
women
Could be in business
Could be in trade
Woman gained more
rights
Roles of women in
Confucianism and
Confucianism
Hinduism
Hinduism
 Patriarch families
 Women had to
practice obedience
 Had to practice
humility
 Had to practice
devotion towards their
husbands
 They were seen
below men
 Patriarch society
 Expected to raise children
 Had to clean
 Tend to husband
 Had to cook for the family
 Women not allowed to
remarry after death of husband
 No public authority
 Had to throw themselves in
fire.(SATI)
Collapse of the Roman
Empire and the Han in
China
Collapse of Han Empire
Heavy taxes levied on peasants.
Decline in interests in Confucian intellectual goals.
A decline in morality.
Weak emperors and the increased influence of army generals.
Social unrest, particularly by students.
Emperors lost control
Collapse of Roman Empire
Decline in trade.
• Plague
Recruitment of non-Romans in the roman army.
Invasions from Germanic tribes
Social and moral decay in lack of interest in the elite classes.
Decrease in money flow
Epidemic diseases
Roman dependence on Slave labor
Comparison of Collapse
of Roman and Han
Empire
Poor harvest
Population decline from epidemic disease.
A decline in trade
Compare the caste system in
India with slavery in the Roman
Empire
Caste System In India
There was social mobility
Priority to religious status
Didn’t have a broad social group
Introduced by Aryans
Four classes(laborers, farmers, warriors,
and brahma(priests))
Birth determined occupation
Karma
More religious
Slavery in Roman Empire

Democracy

Citizens with rights

Nobles

Plebeians

Aristocrats
Comparison

People into classes

Had certain rights
Compare Silk Road trade in
the classical world with trade
in the Mediterranean Sea
Silk Road Trade






Started in China
There was a series of routes
Started with Han dynasty
China exported tea, silk, etc
Imported spices from India
Religions exchanged….
Mediterranean Sea Trade
 First sea used for trade
 Next to the coast
 Major link to East
 Linked Europe with goods from Asia
 Middle of Earth
Comparison

Both major trade routes

Bothe made trading easier

Both were successful trading routes

Critical to development of western civilizations
Compare the political and social
structure of Mesopotamia and
Egypt
Social structure
Political structure

City-states

Had social classes

King had authority

Had slaves

Gov. provided court system

Slaves could ear money

Law code of Hammurabi

King

Priest

Nobles
Social structure
Political structure
 Had a king/pharaoh

Had social classes
 Taxation system

Religion was important
 Theocracy government

Had farmers
 Had laws on

Farmers made up vast
punishments
majority of population
Compare the role of women in
the Middle East before and after
the rise of Islam
the role of women in the Middle
East before the rise of Islam

They could inherit property

They could divorce their husband

They could engage in businesses

There was equality

Dowries went straight to the bride

Controlled sexual and social lives of women
the role of women in the Middle
East after the rise of Islam

They couldnt inherit property

They couldnt divorce their husband

They couldnt engage in businesses

There was no equality

They still controlled sexual and social lives of women
Analyze the interactions between
Jews, Christians, and Muslims in
this period
 They believed in the same God, but worshipped him in a different
way.
 Black death, christians believed jews fault, so they burned jews to stop
the disease.
 Crusades with jews and christians, lead to distrust between christians
and muslims.
 They worked and lived together and made achievements in
astronomy, art, poetry, etc.
Compare Japanese and
European feudalism
Japenese Feudalism
revamped tax system
hired foriegn experts to facilitate
economic development
Meiji leaders goal was to to
centralize power
destroyed old social order
new governors were appointed
power lied with the emperor
European Feudalism
 based on neat hierarchy of lords and vassels
 Took charge of politcal/military affairs
 Slaves and free peasants
 serfs
 Lords could execute for serious misconduct
Comparison
 Both european and japanese feudalsim had political
structure
 Social structure
 Honor code
 based on culture
Do a SPRITE chart for the Sudanic
States (Mali, Ghana, Songhai)
Mali

Had centralized government

Extended across senegal

Mali took over after ghana

Controlled trade

Muslim kingdom
Ghana

Ghana thrives

Had a large army

Was principal state

Converted to islam

Trade improved
Songhai

Muslim kingdom

Built up after Mali empire

Important trade center with Mali

Weakened by internal problems

Had central government

Was a fishing community

Well trained army

Believed in many gods
Analyze the Chinese civil
service exam system, the rise
of cities, and technological
and economic innovations of
the Tang/Song dynasties
Civil service exam
 used mainly to grade officials
 Rates were very small
 Were in a small cubicle
 Watched over closely
 Lived in the cubicle
the rise of cities, and
technological and
economic innovations
 Rise of regional military
 Development of woodblock printing
 Market quarters grew larger
 saw
Analyze the growth and spread of
Indian Ocean trade during this
time period —include monsoon
winds, dhows, et
 Was an important trade area
 Extended from East Asia through India to the east coast of Africa
 Trade winds half of the year blew northeast (December to March)
and the other half of the year they blew southwest (April to August)
Trade winds were a primary factor of
merchants movements
The Junks sailed on the Indian Ocean
Had to wait for monsoon winds
Islam and buddhism were spread
through trade
Spread the Black Death
Dhow boat helped move more flexible
and easier
1450CE-1750CE
C o l o n i a l a d m i n i s t rat i on o f t h e
Spanish and the British
Spanish

Gained control over most of the new world

Extended control over American empire

The kings representatives were the viceroys

Settle could not make there own laws

Colonial business were control by spanish royals
British

Had control over colonies affairs

Maintain there own assemblies

Chose there own governors

British ruled

People finance the expeditions to America

Had privateinvestors
Coercive labor
systems

Couldnt own land

Worked with no pay

Had to pay land lords

Sold to other coutries

Got little pay

Were beated

Chain together

Boarded on ships




Traded slaves for goods
Were chained on ships
Worked on planatations
No pay
 Exchanged slaves for
goods
 Introduced to new
diseases
 Worked on planatation
and mines
 No pay
Russia’s Interaction
Ottoman Empire






Instabul becomes the capital
Wheat and rice were major crops
Had long distant trade
Behind in Technology
Constaniople is conquered
Osman Bey was the founder
China

Mongols taught them to fight

Trade parnters

Gun power empires

Both control by the mongols

Advanced weapons
Western Europe

Russia wanted there land

Traded with each other

Wanted trade dominance

Wanted protection
Eastern Europe

Russia wanted there land

Traded with each other

Wanted trade dominance

Wanted protection over there nationalism
Development of Empires
Asia
Africa
Asia
 Urbanized
 Bureaucracy
 Merchants increased
 Centralized government
 No foreign influences
 Rejected Christianity
 Isolated from the world
Africa

Bureaucracy

Prospered from help from European nations

Slave trade increased
Imperial System
Eupropean Seaborne
Land based Asian Empire
 New crops were introduced
 Population increase at a rapid rate
 Westernized
 Foreigners were forced off the land and nationals were kept in
Aztec/Inca
Aztecs

Trade and markets were more developed

Spoke Nahuatl

Human Sacrifice

Forced to pay tribute
Inca

Temple of the sun

Spoke Quechua

Pachacuti was the ruler

Split inheritance

Holy shrines mountains, stones rivers caves etc.
Hatian and French
Revolution
Hatitian Revolution
 Based on sugar
 Divided among slave workers
 Declared independence in1804
 Toussaint L’Overture
French Revolution

Began in 1789

King Louis XIV

Increased of enlightenment ideas
1750CE-1914CE
Industrial Revoltion
Western Europe
Wanted power and resources
Wood was a main source of fuel but
they were using a lot of tree
Use coal for stream power
 Agriculture efficiency improved
Less people needed to work the lands
More people moved to the cities to get
jobs in the factories
Japan

Meiji Restoration

Wanted to compete with industrialized nations and avoid foreign influences

Upset because of unequal treaties from other nations

Transportation and communication was improved

Introduced to railroads , stream boats and telegraphs

New banking system
Ottoman Empire
 Did not accept foreign influence from Jews and
Christians
 Didnt except advanced weapons
 Not worthy of their culture
 Cause the decline of there Empire
China
 Shut themselves out from the world
 Were behind in new technologies
 British were selling new technologies to china
 British fought the chinese because the selling these new
technologuies was tearing apart communities
India
 British took control of India
 Wanted to take over because of wealth from trade
 The Sepoy’s Rellibion
 India was changed schools were built,
 Sati could not be practiced
 Indians could voice there opinion
Southeast Asia

Dutch Ruled

Dutch wanted to control the spice market
Japan
 British, French, and U.S came to establish relations with the japenese
 Sailors were rude and had poor hygiene
 Unequal treaties
 Took the governments control over the tariffs and foreigners extraterritorial
rights
Nationalism
China/ japan
Traded with other
countries
Self involved
society
Didn’t accept
foreign influence
Didn’t trade with
others countries
1853 open for trade
Tried to become a
democratic
govenment
Italy
 Napolean invading Italy was the main cause
 Haven’t been a united country
 Austria was dominant power
 Nationalist ideas were ignored
Pan Africanism
 Spoke for all Africans
 Had no political power
 Edward Blyden (didnt like mixed marriages)
 Had no equal rights
Indian Congress Movement

Led by Mahanadi Ghandi

Believed in non-violence

No equal rights

Could not be in high positions

Boycotted british goods

British seperated Bengal

India had to fight Germany
Western Intervention
Latin America
 Haiti’s population was made up of 90% slaves
 Main goods were coffee, sugar,cocoa, and indigo
 Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture formed a slave revolt
 In 1804 Haiti became a free republic

Argentina Jose De San Martin took control of the Army

Boilvar established a national congress
Brazil

Porgual was invaded by Napolean

Pedro declared brazil independent
Africa

Established colonial rule

Egypt had levied there own taxes

Egypt had Dominant trade

South Africa discovered diamonds and gold

South African abolished slavery in1833
South East Asia
 Wanted to bring buddism to reduce western influence
(Young Man’s Buddhist Association)
 Sareket Isalm bring all Muslims together
 Malayas were brought to the civil service
 Indonesia National Party was by indonesians in Dutch
school
WOMEN
Women in Latin America
 Take care of the house
 Cant own a business
 Don’t get Proper health care
 Discrimination in the work force
 No Abortion
 Men ran the house hold
Women in Europe

Had to look good for men

Rape wasnt a crime

Low rates of births

Married early

No education

Took care of the house
Nationalism
Europe
 They had The French Revolution
 They divided Italy (was no equal)
 Form a group called Young Italy(Guisseppe Mazzini) to unify
 Foreign Intervention
 WARS
 Foregin intervention
 Wanted power
 More equal
Colonial areas
Independence
Movements
India
 1857 The Indian Independence movement Lead by Mahatams
Ghani in India, This movement was caused by rascism towards them
and the british forcing them to swith relgions. He practiced non
violence and encourged Indians not to purchase British goods.
Africa
 Africa Fought against the French for there independence and did
many protests against un equal rights
Effects of Western
Consumer Society
Positive Effects
 Less expensive
 Newer technology
 Better relationship with other countries
 Increases the growth of the economy
Negative Effects
 Human rights are abused
 More Poverty
 Hurts the environment
 Corperations are dominanting
Warfares
Trench
 Faliure of the Schlieffen Plan
 Wanted to invade France through Beligum
 For soliders protection
 Formed in ZIG ZAG
 Troops slept in ltitle hole dug in the trenches
 Planks and sandbags were used to support the roofs of the trenches
Terrorism
 When you go back in fourth against one side . They shot guns,
throw grandes and other weapons against others
Guerilla
 Means little war
 Smaller armies goes against bigger armies and the
bigger armies , The smaller armies usually strikes and
rans back to there side of the war line
Nucleaur
 Is when power weapon forces are thrown at the enemy side such
as missles, bombs
Economic Growth
Nafta
 Began in 1994
 Removed Barriers and trade investments among USA,
Canada , and Mexico
 Free trade with Mexcio
EU
 Helped stop violence
 Protecting citizens
 Enhance the government
*Compare patterns and results of
decolonization in Africa and India
Africa

Nationalism was promoted

Political instability

Economical disaster forced to industrialize(kenya)
India
More tension between hindus and
muslims
War between india and pakistan after
gandhi death
Gandhi killed because of tryng to
reunite muslims and hindus
Motivated to gain independence
because of lack of natives in gov.
positions
Comparison
 Tired of being controlled by europeans
 Great depression lowered incomes
 Developed sense of nationalism
*Pick two revolutions (Russian,
Chinese, Cuban, and Iranian and
compare their effects on the roles
of women
Chinese

Foot binding

Granted women and men were equal

Divorce legal

One child policy

Loyalty to state

Loyalty to family

Equal rights in labor systems
Russian

Full abortion rights

Women given more job opportunities

Increase change in education

Fought prostitution

Women had more freedom in marriage, family, and guardianship

More political chances
Japanese
Used war as an excuse for imperialism
Captured german colonies
Declared war on china
Helped retain power in pacific and asia
Defeated by soviet union united states
became main supplier
Europe couldn’t export to japan
Japan attacked pearl harbor
Japanese pursued expansion
*Compare legacies of colonialism
and patterns of economic
development in two of three
areas (Africa, Asia, Latin America
Africa
Faced large foreign debts
Controlled by European
Couldn’t develop because of WWI
Great Depression cause problems
for Africa
High unemployment rights
Wars for independece occured
*Compare the effects of WWI and
WWII on areas outside of Europe
Asia

Expanded authority to parts of Ceylon

Built extensive railway systems

Cleared forests

Constructed new canals

Reconstructed landholdings

Asia affected by Great Depression