¡Ven Conmigo a Madrid!
Mina
Kasey
Haris
History of
Madrid
Originally called Mayrit
Founded by emir
Muhammad in ninth
century
Arabs were in control of Iberian Peninsula
Toledo was the biggest city
under Spanish control
Reconquista of Spain by
Christians
Mixture of cultures
King Alfonso I relocated Madrid to
where it is now in 1083
Plaza Mayor (main square)
was built in the 13th century
by John II
El Pardo Palace (residence for
outside royalty) was built
soon after by Enrique III
The Spanish Court moved to
Madrid in the 16th/17th century
The 19th century was a time of
great struggle
The Spanish Constitution of
1978 confirmed Madrid as
capitol city
Architecture in
Madrid
Architecture
• Principle styles shaped by monarchical
dynasties
•
•
•
•
Moors
Hapsburgs
Bourbons
Modern
Pre-Capital Madrid
• Small town before Phillip II moved court there
• Medieval Madrid
– Brick mudéjar towers
• Mudéjar style by Muslims living on Christian territory in
pre-Inquisition Spain
– Example: Las Ventas
» Bullring
Madrid Architecture under the Hapsburgs (16th-17th
century)
• Plaza Mayor
– Castilian baroque
• Grey slate spires
• Brick-red facades
• Other
– Puente de Segovia
– the Casa de la Villa
– El Escorial
– "Austrias" neighborhood, also known as "La
Latina" or "Madrid de los Hapsburgos”
Madrid Architecture under the Hapsburgs (16th-17th
century)
• Plaza Mayor
– Castilian baroque
• Grey slate spires
• Brick-red facades
• Other
– Puente de Segovia
– the Casa de la Villa
– El Escorial
– "Austrias" neighborhood, also known as "La
Latina" or "Madrid de los Hapsburgos”
Madrid Architecture under the Hapsburgs (16th-17th
century)
• Plaza Mayor
– Castilian baroque
• Grey slate spires
• Brick-red facades
• Other
– Puente de Segovia
– the Casa de la Villa
– El Escorial
– "Austrias" neighborhood, also known as "La
Latina" or "Madrid de los Hapsburgos”
Madrid Architecture under the Hapsburgs (16th-17th
century)
• Plaza Mayor
– Castilian baroque
• Grey slate spires
• Brick-red facades
• Other
– Puente de Segovia
– the Casa de la Villa
– El Escorial
– "Austrias" neighborhood, also known as "La
Latina" or "Madrid de los Hapsburgos”
Madrid Architecture under the Hapsburgs (16th-17th
century)
• Plaza Mayor
– Castilian baroque
• Grey slate spires
• Brick-red facades
• Other
– Puente de Segovia
– the Casa de la Villa
– El Escorial
– "Austrias" neighborhood, also known as "La
Latina" or "Madrid de los Hapsburgos”
Madrid Architecture under the Bourbons (18th-19th century)
• French and Italian influences
– Ornate, decorative
– Pedro de Ribera's Hospice
– Conde Duque Cuartel
– Royal Palace
Madrid Architecture under the Bourbons (18th-19th century)
• French and Italian influences
– Ornate, decorative
– Pedro de Ribera's Hospice
– Conde Duque Cuartel
– Royal Palace
Madrid Architecture under the Bourbons (18th-19th century)
• French and Italian influences
– Ornate, decorative
– Pedro de Ribera's Hospice
– Conde Duque Cuartel
– Royal Palace
Madrid Architecture under the Bourbons (18th-19th century)
• King Charles III influence
– “Bricklayer king“
• Paseo del Prado
• Enlightenment institutions
– Museum of Natural Sciences
– Astronomical Observatory
– Botanical Gardens
• Classically inspired fountains of Cibeles and Neptuno
Madrid Architecture under the Bourbons (18th-19th century)
• King Charles III influence
– “Bricklayer king“
• Paseo del Prado
• Enlightenment institutions
– Museum of Natural Sciences
– Astronomical Observatory
– Botanical Gardens
• Classically inspired fountains of Cibeles and Neptuno
Madrid Architecture under the Bourbons (18th-19th century)
• King Charles III influence
– “Bricklayer king“
• Paseo del Prado
• Enlightenment institutions
– Museum of Natural Sciences
– Astronomical Observatory
– Botanical Gardens
• Classically inspired fountains of Cibeles and Neptuno
Madrid Architecture: 20th Century and Beyond
•
•
•
•
Eclectic
Puerta de Europa
Torre Picasso
Reina Sofia Museum
Madrid Architecture: 20th Century and Beyond
•
•
•
•
Eclectic
Puerta de Europa
Torre Picasso
Reina Sofia Museum
Madrid Architecture: 20th Century and Beyond
•
•
•
•
Eclectic
Puerta de Europa
Torre Picasso
Reina Sofia Museum
Cultural Events and
Festivals in Madrid
Carnival
•Celebrated in Madrid since the Middle Ages
•Tradition to carry through the streets a coffin with a
cardboard sardine inside
•Burial of the sardine marks the beginning of Lent
New Year’s
• Puerta del Sol
• Tradition to eat a grape for each of the 12
chimes to ring in the New Year and make a
wish
Calgabata de Reyes
• January 5th (afternoon)
• Children go to bed early and
awake to gifts from the Magi
in the morning
• Parade with floats and the Three
Kings throwing candy to children
Semana Santa
• Takes place during Holy
Week
• Processions and events
take place in Madrid to
honor Mary and Jesus
• A time for Catholics to
repent for their sins
Feria de San Isidro
•
•
•
•
May 8th-15th
Bullfights take place in the Las Ventas arena
Festival that honors the patron saint of the city
Traditional costumes are worn (Chulapo) for men and
(Chulapa) for women
Veranos de la Villa
• August 1st-15th
• Photo exhibitions, operas, concerts, and theatre
performances
• Smaller musical performances as well as some
internationally acclaimed musicians
HISTORY
ARCHITECTURE
CULTURE
100
200
300
400
100
200
300
400
100
200
300
400
1-100
Where in Spain is Madrid located?
1-200
Who was in control of Madrid
(Mayrit) before the Christians?
The Arabs
1-300
When was Madrid confirmed as the
capitol city of Spain?
1978
1-400
Which king relocated
Madrid to where it is now?
King Alfonso I
2-100
Name one of the two European
countries that influenced
Madrid’s architecture
Italy and France
2-200
Name two of the four dynasties
that shaped Madrid’s architecture
Moors, Hapsburgs,
Bourbons, and Modern
2-300
What style influenced this?
Plaza Mayor
Hapsburgs
2-400
Who is the “bricklayer” king?
King Charles III
3-100
What fruit do people eat to celebrate
New Year’s in Madrid?
Grapes
3-200
What animal is carried in a coffin
during Carnival?
Sardines
3-300
Where do the bullfights take
place?
The Las Ventas
Arena
3-400
What is the name of the
traditional costume men wear
during the Feria de San Isidro?
Chulapo