Section
5
What were the characteristics of the
Middle Colonies?
Objectives
•
Explain how Dutch New Netherland became
English New York.
•
Describe William Penn’s relationshiP With
Indians in Pennsylvania.
•
Compare and contrast the Pennsylvania
Colony to other colonies.
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
Explain how Dutch New Netherland became English New York.
Rivers were
important to
the Middle
Colonies for
many reasons.
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
Explain how Dutch New Netherland became English New York.
The Dutch West Indies Company spurred
the development of New Netherland.
1609: Sent ships up the Hudson River to trade
for furs from Indians.
1614: With traders and farmers, founded
present-day Albany, New York.
1625: Founded New Amsterdam, now presentday New York City.
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
Explain how Dutch New Netherland became English New York.
Characteristics of Dutch Colonies
N
O
T
E
S
•
Settled mainly by farmers and traders from the
Netherlands, France, Germany, and Norway.
•
Colonies tolerated various religious groups including
Jews, Baptists, and Lutherans.
•
The Dutch West Indies Company appointed a governor
and advisory council of colonial leaders.
•
No elected assembly was permitted.
•
The Dutch West Indies Company bought land from
Indians.
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
Explain how Dutch New Netherland became English New York.
Push and pull factors decreased or
increased immigration.
N
O
T
E
S
The Netherlands
England
People enjoyed religious
tolerance and had no
religious reason to leave.
Puritans were persecuted
and wanted freedom to
worship their way.
The country had a
booming economy and
few poor people.
The country had a stagnant
economy with a large
number of poor people.
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
Explain how Dutch New Netherland became English New York.
In 1655, the Dutch took command
of New Sweden.
•
In 1638, Swedish and Finnish farmers and
traders built a small colony on the lower
Delaware River in what is present-day Delaware.
•
The colony expanded to parts of present-day
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Maryland.
•
Dutch Governor Peter Stuyvesant sent
warships to New Sweden and assumed control
of the colony.
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
Explain how Dutch New Netherland became English New York.
English
English
Dutch
The English and Dutch were intense rivals
for global trade in the 1650s and 1660s.
In 1664, the English sent an expedition and
forced Stuyvesant to surrender the colony.
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
Explain how Dutch New Netherland became English New York.
CHART
When the English moved into the Middle
Colonies:
•
They renamed New Amsterdam to New York
after the Duke of York.
•
The Duke of York took over governing the
colony as a proprietary colony.
•
York designated formation of a new colony
in 1664, now present-day New Jersey.
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The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
CHART
Describe William Penn’s relationshiP With inDians in
Pennsylvania.
The Pennsylvania Colony was founded
in 1682.
Started by William Penn, a wealthy Quaker who
cultivated peace with the Indians.
•
Quaker beliefs:
•
•
•
•
no clergy leadership
women spiritually equal to men
pacifist―do not fight wars or bear arms
tolerate other faiths
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
Describe William Penn’s relationshiP With inDians in
Pennsylvania.
Unlike other
English leaders,
Quaker William
Penn bought
land from the
Indians.
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
Describe William Penn’s relationshiP With inDians in
Pennsylvania.
Pennsylvania became William Penn’s “holy
experiment” for political and religious freedom.
N
O
T
E
S
•
Penn wrote a constitution that guaranteed
fundamental liberties.
•
Tolerant policies encouraged people from a broad
range of religious backgrounds to immigrate.
•
The colonists did not try to
convert the Indians.
•
Penn named the capital
Philadelphia, which means
“city of brotherly love.”
This early grid of Philadelphia shows
wide streets and public spaces.
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
Compare and contrast the Pennsylvania Colony to other
colonies.
Each colony had its own approach.
Massachusetts Bay
N
O
T
E
S
Pennsylvania
Virginia
Founded by Puritans
seeking religious
freedom
Founded by Quakers
seeking religious
freedom
Founded by people looking
for new ways to succeed
financially
Elected governor
and assembly
Had a constitution
Appointed governor and
elected assembly
No religious tolerance
Religious tolerance
Little religious tolerance
Tried to convert
Indians
Did not try to convert
Indians
Tried to convert Indians
Took land from Indians
Bought land from
Indians
Took land from Indians
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
Compare and contrast the Pennsylvania Colony to other
colonies.
The Middle Colonies
enjoyed diversity.
No single ethnic group
or specific religious
group had a majority
in the Middle Colonies.
This peaceful diversity
went against the
traditional belief that
political order depended
on ethnic and religious
uniformity.
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
Compare and contrast the Pennsylvania Colony to other
colonies.
The Middle Colonies’ diversity became
part of the nation’s character.
The ethnic and religious pluralism in the Middle
Colonies was an early example of how the United
States later developed into a multi-cultural society.
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies
Section
5
What were the characteristics of the
Middle Colonies?
The English settled on the northern and southern
Atlantic coast of North America. Swedes and Dutch
settled small colonies on the mid-Atlantic coast.
Explain how Dutch New Netherland became English New York.
Later the English came to control most of the Atlantic
seaboard. The colonies varied.
Describe William Penn’s relationshiP With inDians in
Pennsylvania.
Compare and contrast the Pennsylvania Colony to other
colonies.
•The Cold War
The Begins
Middle Colonies