American History
Test 3 Review
Immigration
• Irish
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• Germans
Potato Famine
Boston & New York
“No Irish Need Apply”
“The Irish Vote”
• Year of Revolutions
– France
• Louis Napoleon (Napoleon III)
– First Modern Dictator
– Hapsburgs
• Vienna, Hungary, Bohemia, Italy
– Prussia/Germany
• The Frankfurt Parliament
– Results
• Serfdom
• Universal Male Suffrage for Europe
– “Forty-Eighters”
– Religious groups
– Jacob Amman
• The Amish
• “Nativists”
– Fear of Roman Catholics
– Order of the Star-Spangled Banner
• “Know-Nothing” Party
– Awful Disclosures
• Maria Monk
– Anti-Immigrant Violence
Religion, Culture, & Reform
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•
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Deism
Unitarianism - No trinity
Adventist - William Miller
Mormonism
– Joseph Smith
– Brigham Young
• Second Great Awakening
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“Camp Meetings”
National Movement
Peter Cartwright
Charles Grandison Finney
Reform Movements
• Education
– Horace Mann - Father of
American Education
– Noah Webster
– William H. McGuffey
• University of North Carolina
• Mentally Ill - Dorothea Dix
• American Peace Society - William
Ladd
• American Temperance Society
• Seneca Falls Women’s Rights
Convention
– Declaration of Sentiments
– Demanded Female Suffrage
Literature
• The Knickerbocker Group
– Washington Irving - Knickerbocker's History of New York
– James Fennimore Cooper - Leatherstocking Tales
– William Cullen Bryant - "Thanatopsis"
• Transcendentalism
– Ralph Waldo Emerson - Self Reliance
– Henry David Thoreau - Walden: Or Life in the Woods
– Walt Whitman - Leaves of Grass
• Historians
– George Bancroft - Father of American History
– William H. Prescott - Mexico and Peru
– Francis Parkman - History of England and France in NA
Life in the South & Abolitionists
• Oligarchy
– Rule by the wealthy few
• Class structure
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Aristocracy
Small Farmers with Slaves
Small Farmers without Slaves
Mountain whites
Free Blacks
Slaves
• Quakers
• American Colonization
Society
– Liberia
• Beecher Family
• William Lloyd Garrison
– The Liberator
• Wendell Phillips
– American Abolitionist Society
• Frederick Douglass
– Narrative of the Life of
Frederick Douglass
Tyler to Polk & the Mexican War
• John Tyler
– “Democrat in Whigs clothing”
• Webster-Ashburton Treaty
– Maine
• James K. Polk
– “Young Hickory”
– Expansionist Platform
– Texas annexation
• Polk’s Four Point Plan
– Lower the Tariff
– Independent Treasury
– Oregon
• “54-40 or Fight!”
• Compromise at the 49th
– California
• Mexican American War /
War of North American
Intervention
– California
– Texas
– Mexico City
• Nicholas Trist
• Treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo
– Mexican Cession
• Wilmot Proviso
California, Slavery, & Compromise
• California Gold Rush
– Sutter's Mill
– “Forty-Niners”
• Slavery
– Fugitive Slave Law
– Underground Railroad
• The Compromise of 1850
– North gets:
• California as free state
• Texas/New Mexico Border
• Washington D.C. - Slave Trade illegal
– South gets:
• Popular Sovereignty in Mexican Cession
• Texas gets $10 Million New Mexico
• Fugitive Slave Law
International Affairs
• Manifest Destiny
– Isthmus
• Panama & Nicaragua
– Nicaragua Schemes
• William Walker
• British Influence
• “The Opening of Japan”
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Commodore Matthew C. Perry
Edo/Tokyo
Civil War
Imperial Court
• Kyoto
• Mutsuhito/Meiji
– Meiji Restoration
• Cuba
– Southern “Filibustering”
Exhibitions
• Crimean War
– Russia & Ottomans
– Britain, France, & PiedmontSardinia
– War Correspondents
– Photographers
– Treaty of Paris - 1856
• The Black Warrior Affair & The
Ostend Manifesto
– Pierre Soulé
– James Buchanan
– John Y. Mason
Towards Civil War
• Gadsden Purchase
– James Gadsden
– Arizona / New Mexico
• Kansas-Nebraska Act
– Compromise
– Kansas & Nebraska Territories
• Popular Sovereignty
• Repealed Missouri
Compromise
– Reopened Slavery Issue
• Uncle Tom’s Cabin
– Harriet Beecher Stowe
• The Impending Crisis of the
South
– Hinton Helper
• “Bleeding Kansas”
– “New England Emigrant Aid
Company”
– “Beecher’s Bibles”
– “Southern Border Ruffians”
– Two governments
– William Clark Quantrill
– John Brown
• Charles Sumner & Preston
Brooks
Towards Civil War
• Dred Scott Decision
– Slaves not citizens
– Congress cannot outlaw slavery
– Missouri Compromise
Unconstitutional
• Panic of 1857
– Inflation caused by California
gold
– Overproduction of Grain
– Over-speculation in land and
railroads
• Lincoln-Douglas Debates
– Freeport Doctrine
• John Brown’s Rebellion
– Harper’s Ferry, Virginia
• Election of 1860
– Lincoln
• Succession
– South Carolina
– Deep South follows
– Jefferson Davis
• John J. Crittenden
– Crittenden Compromise
• Failed
Civil War Begins
• Lincoln Becomes President
– March 4, 1861
• Battle of Fort Sumter
– April 12, 1861
• Border States (& Territories)
– Missouri
• Claimed by Both
– Kentucky
• Claimed by Both
– Maryland
• Martial Law
– Delaware
• Voted Against Secession
– West Virginia
– Indian Territory
• Jefferson Davis
– Issues Surrounding secession
– Skills vs popularity
• Abraham Lincoln
– Government stability
– Less-than-legal Actions?
• Suspended Habeas corpus
• Economic Issues
– Morrill Tariff
– “Greenbacks”
• Battle of Bull Run / Manassas
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July 21, 1861
Quick War?
Spectators
Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson
Civil War
• General George B.
McClellan
– Patient or overly
cautious?
• British Actions
– The Trent Affair
– CSS Alabama
• Battle of the Ironclads
– Monitor
– Virginia (Merrimack)
• Battle of Antietam /
Sharpsburg
– Bloodiest Battle of War
– Effects
• Turning Point of war
• Foreign Intervention
• The Emancipation
Proclamation
– Slaves in States in
Rebellion
• Massacre at Ft. Pillow
Civil War & Neighboring Nations
• Women in the War
– Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell
• US Sanitary Commission
– Clara Barton & Dorothea Dix
• Northern Nurses
– Sally Tompkins
• Southern Nurses
• The Battle of Gettysburg
– July 1-3 1863
– Robert E Lee
– George G. Meade
• Britain
– Ambassador Charles Francis
Adams
– Laird Rams
– Southern Agents in Canada
• Vermont Raid
• British North American Act
– Dominion of Canada
• Events in Mexico
– La Reforma - President Benito
Juarez
– French Intervention - Napoleon
III
• Battle of Puebla - Cinco de Mayo
– “Empire of Mexico”
• Archduke Maximillian
End of the Civil War
• Ulysses S. Grant
• Siege of Vicksburg
– July 4, 1863
• William Tecumseh Sherman
– Sherman’s March
• “Total War”
• Election of 1864
– The Union Party (Republican
+ War Democrats)
• Abraham Lincoln
• Andrew Johnson
– Peace Democrats - General
McClellan
• Battle of Cold Harbor
– Grant Union Commander
– June 3, 1864
• Surrender at Appomattox
Courthouse
– February 1865
– Grant & Lee
• Assassination of Abraham
Lincoln
– John Wilkes Booth
– Ford’s Theater