Reading and Writing
in the Subject Areas
Timothy Shanahan
Cynthia Shanahan
University of Illinois at Chicago
www.shanahanonliteracy.com
Two Problems
PROBLEM I
Significant numbers of students read so poorly that they
are unlikely to have access to full participation in
American society
Two Problems (cont.)
PROBLEM II
Significant numbers of students who are deemed literate
– who meet standards – are not sufficiently literate to
succeed in college or career
Increasing Specialization of Literacy
Disciplinary
Literacy
Intermediate
Literacy
Basic Literacy
History Reading (Wineburg)
History Events Chart
TEXT
WHO?
1
Relation:
2
Relation:
3
Relation
4
Main point:
WHAT?
WHERE?
WHEN?
WHY?
History Reading (Fang & Schleppergrell)
Clause Circumstance
Actor
Process
further
events
steadily
led
2
Some
colonial
leaders,
such as
Samuel
Adams
favored
independence from
Britain.
3
They
encouraged
conflict
with
British
authorities.
1
4
Over the next
decade,
At the same
time,
George II made
and his
ministers
Goal
Circum.
to war
enemies of by their
many
harsh
moderate
stands
Colonists
Chemistry Note-taking
Substances
Properties
Processes
Interactions
Atomic
Expression
Character Change Chart
What is main character like at
the beginning of the story?
What is the main character like
at the end of the story? How
has he or she changed?
Crisis
Given this character change, what do you think the author wanted you to learn? ________
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Reading and Writing
in the Subject Areas
Timothy Shanahan
Cynthia Shanahan
University of Illinois at Chicago
www.shanahanonliteracy.com