Abu Bakr AlSiddiq
By: Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal,
Kinzah Fatima, Muhammad Khan,
Zafir Kabbani, and Amir Hijawi
Abu Bakr:
Umar:




First Caliph to rule in the Islamic Empire
Best missionary in Islam after the Prophet (SAW)
He was Caliph for 2 years
Expanded the least amount of Islam
 One of the wealthiest and bravest Sahaba at the time
 2nd Caliph to rule over the Islamic Empire
Conquered Jerusalem and Damascus
Accomplishment
Ali bin Talib:
 Cousin and son in law of the Prophet (SAW)
 Caliph for 5 years
 Respected by Sunni’s and Shia’s
 Last Caliph to rule in the Islamic Empire
Timeline
625
The Battle of
Uhud took
place.
630
The Conquest
of Makkah
took place.
629
The Battle of
Khaybar took
place.
632
Abu Bakr
becomes
Caliph.
630
The Battle of
Tabuk took
place.
644
Othman
becomes
Caliph.
634
Omar
becomes
Caliph.
656
Ali
becomes
Caliph.
Events
Abu Bakr as a caliph: (632)
- He was chosen as the prophet’s successor.
- Chosen by Ansars and Quraish.
 War
- Islam vs. Rome
- Many warriors
 Came back from trip
- Messenger of God
Rise and Fall
• How Abu Bakr became caliph?
• Why was his time as a caliph so short?
Abu Bakr
Umar
Uthman
Geography
Islam expanded all over Europe and Asia
Saudi Arabia
Iran Egypt
Iraq Pakistan
Libya Turkey
Afghanistan
All of the Caliphs had
spread Islam in
some way. The
Caliphs spread
Islam north, south,
east, and west.
Artifacts
Islamic Calligraphy
was very famous.
All Caliphs wore
turbans.
The Companions would
fight with swords.
Fun Facts
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
First male to convert.
Prophets best friend.
Died same age as the Prophet.
Accompanied the prophet (s) during his migration.
Daughter married to Prophet.
Abu Bakr was the Muslim leader after the prophet.
First to compile the Quran in one book.
Quotes
• “ Have an earnestness for death and you will have life.”-Abu Bakr
• “ He who aspires to paradise should learn to deal with people
with kindness.”-Abu Bakr
• “ Do not look down upon any Muslim, for even the most inferior
believer is great in the eyes of god.”-Abu Bakr
• “Be good to others who will protect you against evil.”-Abu Bakr
Al-Jazari
By: Aqsa Kanwal,
Muhammad Khan,
and Amir Hijawi
Background
He was a:
• Scholar
• Inventor
• Mechanical engineer
• Craftsman
• Artist
• Mathematician
• Astronomer
• Writer
• From Al-Jazira, Mesopotamia
• Best known for his book
Real name:
al-Shaykh Ra'is al-A`mal Badi`al-Zaman Abu al-'Izz ibn Isma`il
ibn al-Razzaz al-Jazari
Inventions:
 Clocks
Camshaft
Crankshaft and crank-slider mechanism
Saqiya chain pumps
Crankshaft and crank-slider
mechanism
Water supply system
Drink serving waitress
Musical robot band
Peacock fountain with automated servant
Hand washing automaton with flush mechanism
Castle clocks
Elephant Clock
CULTURAL REALATIONS:
• Indian Elephant
• Chinese serpents
• Arabian architecture
• Greek water technology
Height:
• 8.5 meters high
Comparing Clocks
No need for people to keep track of
the clock! These clocks are
automatically timed!
Book of Knowledge of
Ingenious Mechanical Devices
•Document about devices & tools.
•Written in 1206.
•Described many mechanical devices.
Ibn
Al- Haythem
By: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima,
Zafir Kabbani
Background
• Born: 965 CE
Basra, Iraq
• Died: 1040 CE
Cairo, Egypt
• Residence:
- Basra, Iraq
-Cairo, Egypt
• Jobs:
- Physicist
- Mathematician
- Astronomer
Full Name:
Abu Ali Al-Hasan Ibn Al-Haythem
The Obscura
• Optical device
• Pin hole camera
• Reflection in mirror
Do you want to learn how to make an
Obscura?
http://licm.org.uk/livingImage/CameraO
bscura.html
Comparison
2011 Camera
Obscura
Accomplishment
• (Kitab Al-Manazir)
• seven-volume treatise
• Optics, physics, mathematics,
anatomy, and psychology
The Book Of Optics
• Talks about the vision of the eye
• Written in 1011 -1021
• Important influence on
the developments of optics
• Had many nicknames
Artifacts
How the
obscura works
“The Book Of Optics”
Two pages of the book
Bibliography
Abu Bakr:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr
http://www.sunnah.org/publication/khulafa_rashideen/caliph1.htm
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/a/abu_bakr.html
AL Jazari:
http://www.muslimheritage.com/topics/default.cfm?ArticleID=848
http://www.history-science-technology.com/Articles/articles%206.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Jazari
Ibn Al Haythem:
http://www.ibnalhaytham.net/
http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Haytham.html
http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0824826.html
Credits
• Abu Bakr Big Books: Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Kinzah Fatima,
Zafir Kabbani, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi
• Abu Bakr Power Point: Hiba Masfaka and Aqsa Kanwal
• Al Jazari Power Point: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir
Hijawi
• Ibn Al Haythem Power Point: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and
Zafir Kabbani
• Power Point Animations: Hiba Masfaka, and Kinzah Fatima
• Banners: Kinzah Fatima, Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Zafir
Kabbani, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi
• Al Jazari Poster: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi
• Ibn Al Haythem Poster: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir
Kabbani
• Abu Bakr Artifacts: Aqsa Kanwal and Hiba Masfaka
• Al Jazari Artifacts: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi
• Ibn Al Haythem Artifacts: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir
Kabbani
• Pictures: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani