ENGR 200—Thermodynamics
Homework 7
1. (3 points)
Refrigerant 134a enters the evaporator of a refrigeration system operating at steady state
at −4◦ C and quality of 20% at a velocity of 7 m/s. At the exit, the refrigerant is a
saturated vapor at a temperature of −4◦ C. The evaporator flow channel has constant
diameter. If the mass flow rate of the entering refrigerant is 0.1 kg/s, determine
(a) the diameter of the evaporator flow channel, in cm.
(b) the velocity at the exit, in m/s.
Answer: D1 = 1.732 cm, v2 = 33.7 m/s.
2. (3 points)
Figure P4.23 provides steady-state data for air flowing through a rectangular duct. Assuming ideal gas behavior for the air, determine the inlet volumetric flow rate, in f3 /s,
and inlet mass flow rate, in kg/s. If you can determine the volumetric flow rate and mass
flow rate at the exit, evaluate them. If not, explain.
Figure 1: P4.23
Answer: Av1 = 0.5 ft3 /s, ṁ1 = 0.039 lb/s, ṁ2 = 0.039 lb/s; Av2 cannot be determined.
3. (3 points)
Air at 600 kPa, 330 K enters a well-insulated, horizontal pipe having a diameter of 1.2 cm
and exits at 120 kPa, 300 K. Applying the ideal gas model for air, determine at steady
state (a) the inlet and exit velocities, each in m/s, and (b) the mass flow rate, in kg/s.
Answer: (a) v2 = 251.73 m/s, v1 = 55.38 m/s; (b) ṁ = 0.04 kg/s.
4. (3 points)
Air enters a nozzle operating at steady state at 720◦ R with negligible velocity and exits the
nozzle at 500◦ R with a velocity of 1450 ft/s. Assuming ideal gas behavior and neglecting
potential energy effects, determine the heat transfer in Btu per lb of air flowing.
cv = −10.9 Btu/lb.
Answer: Q̇ṁ
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5. (3 points)
Steam enters a turbine operating at steady state at 700◦ F and 450 lbf/in.2 and leaves
as a saturated vapor at 1.2 lbf/in.2 The turbine develops 12,000 hp, and heat transfer
from the turbine to the surroundings occurs at a rate of 2×106 Btu/h. Neglecting kinetic
and potential energy changes from inlet to exit, determine the volumetric flow rate of the
steam at the inlet, in ft3 /s.
Answer: (AV )1 = 52.46 ft3 /s.
6. (3 points)
Refrigerant 134a enters an air conditioner compressor at 4 bar, 20◦ C, and is compressed
at steady state to 12 bar, 80◦ C. The volumetric flow rate of the refrigerant entering is
4 m3 / min. The work input to the compressor is 60 kJ per kg of refrigerant flowing.
Neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, determine the heat transfer rate, in kW.
Answer: Q̇cv = −15.71 kW.
7. (3 points)
Steam at a pressure of 0.08 bar and a quality of 93.2% enters a shell-and-tube heat
exchanger where it condenses on the outside of tubes through which cooling water flows,
exiting as saturated liquid at 0.08 bar. The mass flow rate of the condensing steam is
3.4×105 kg/h. Cooling water enters the tubes at 15◦ C and exits at 35◦ C with negligible
change in pressure. Neglecting stray heat transfer and ignoring kinetic and potential
energy effects, determine the mass flow rate of the cooling water, in kg/h, for steady-state
operation.
Answer: ṁ3 = 9.06×106 kg/h.
21 points total
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