Which chromosomal abnormality is caused
by an extra copy of chromosome 21?
A. Down Syndrome
B. Turner Syndrome
C. Klinefelter Syndrome
D. Cri-du-chat Syndrome
2. A chromosome is best defined as:
A. A type of protein
B. A structure made of DNA found in the
nucleus
C. A cell organelle
D. A type of enzyme
3. Where are chromosomes located in the
cell?
A. Cytoplasm
B. Cell membrane
C. Nucleus
D. Ribosome
4. A visual arrangement of chromosomes
in pairs is called a:
A. Genome
B. Pedigree
C. Mutation
D. Karyotype
5. Failure of chromosomes to separate
properly during cell division is called:
A. Duplication
B. Inversion
C. Nondisjunction
D. Translocation
6. Which of the following is a numerical
chromosomal abnormality?
A. Deletion
B. Trisomy
C. Inversion
D. Translocation
7. Monosomy means:
A. One extra chromosome
B. Complete chromosome pair
C. Missing one chromosome
D. Two extra chromosomes
8. Which condition is caused by
monosomy of the X chromosome?
A. Turner Syndrome
B. Down Syndrome
C. Klinefelter Syndrome
D. Patau Syndrome
9. Klinefelter syndrome is identified by
which karyotype?
A. XO
B. XXY
C. XXX
D. XYY
10. A structural chromosomal
abnormality involves:
A. Change in chromosome number
B. Failure of fertilization
C. Change in chromosome structure
D. Increase in cell size
11. A karyotype shows 47 chromosomes with
three copies of chromosome 18. What
disorder is present?
A. Patau Syndrome
B. Edwards Syndrome
C. Down Syndrome
D. Turner Syndrome
12. A baby is diagnosed with trisomy 13.
Which disorder is this?
A. Edwards Syndrome
B. Down Syndrome
C. Patau Syndrome
D. Klinefelter Syndrome
13. If part of a chromosome breaks off and is
lost, this structural abnormality is called:
A. Deletion
B. Duplication
C. Inversion
D. Trisomy
14. If a segment of a chromosome is
repeated, this condition is known as:
A. Translocation
B. Duplication
C. Monosomy
D. Inversion
15. If a chromosome segment reverses its
direction within the same chromosome, it is
called:
A. Deletion
B. Duplication
C. Translocation
D. Inversion
16. What is the main difference between Down
syndrome and Turner syndrome?
A. Down syndrome involves chromosome 21, while
Turner syndrome involves a sex chromosome.
B. Turner syndrome involves an extra chromosome
21.
C. Both involve the same chromosome pair.
D. Down syndrome affects only males.
17. Which of the following best describes genetic
engineering?
A. The natural mixing of traits during reproduction
B. The process of altering an organism’s DNA to
produce desired traits
C. The study of chromosomes using a karyotype
D. The failure of chromosomes to separate during
cell division
18. Which step comes first in the simplified
process of genetic engineering?
A. Insert the gene into another organism
B. Identify the desired trait or gene
C. Combine random DNA
D. Duplicate the chromosome
19. When a desired gene is cut, isolated, and
inserted into another DNA molecule, the final
product is called:
A. Mutation
B. Karyotype
C. Recombinant DNA
D. Nondisjunction
20. In which field can genetic engineering be
applied? Give one example.