BIOREMEDIATION
What is
Bioremediation
?
Bioremediation is a technology
that employs living organisms
such as bacteria, plants and
fungi to remove harmful
contaminants and toxins from
the environment.
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Why
Bioremediation
?
Environmentally friendly
Sustainable
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Factors
Affecting
In-situ
Bioremediation
• In-situ conservation,
also known as “on-site
conservation” is the
method of species
conservation which
takes place on their
natural environments.
Ex-situ
Bioremediation
• Ex-situ conservation,
also known as “off-site
conservation” is the
conservation mode in
which species
conservation takes place
outside of their natural
habitats.
TYPES OF EX-SITU
BIOREMEDIATION
Slurry Phase
Bioremediation
• Slurry-phase
bioremediation is an
engineered process for
treating contaminated
soils or sludges.
Bioreactor
Suspended
growth
bioreactor
• Microorganism are
suspended in liquid medium
and provide with nutrients and
oxygen to facilitate their growth
and activity
Fixed-film
bioreactor
• Microorganism are fixed in the film
either in plastic or ceramic bed and
polluted water is passed through it.
Soil- based
bioreactor
Use soil to create the growth
for microorganism that can
degrade contaminants.
Solid Phase Bioremediation
• Solid-phase bioremediation is a process that treats soils in above-ground
treatment areas equipped with collection systems to prevent any contaminant
from escaping the treatment.
• It has four types:
1. Biopiles
2. Landfarming
3. Composting
4. Biofilter
Biopiles
Landfarming
Composting
Biofilter
EX-SITU BIOREMEDIATION
Advantage
• Better controlled and more
efficient processes, can be
improved by enrichment with
desired microorganisms.
• Time required is short,
suitable for wide range of
contaminants, environment is
controllable and manageable.
• Very costly processes, sites of
pollution are highly disturbed.
• There may be disposal
problems after the process is
complete, the contaminant
can be stripped off through
soil washing or physical
extraction.