2.1
​
The first steps are in preprocessing where directives like #include and #define are
handled. Then the compiler translates the source code into assembly language code. Then
the assembler converts to machine code and creates an object file. Then the linker
combines the object files with libraries to produce a final executable. Finally, the loader loads
the executable file into memory.
​
The loader is the program used by OS to load and run a program.
2.2 The elements of a MIPS assembly language include
1.​ Labels : strings associated with certain memory addresses
2.​ Operations: Include assembler directives and machine instruction. These are the
specific operations to perform.
3.​ Operands: Used to store values or memory addresses
4.​ Comments: Ignored by assembler, used for documentation