ANTACIDS
INVESTIGATORY PROJECT IN CHEMISTRY
INTRODUCTION
Antacids are substances used to relieve discomfort caused by excess stomach acid, a
condition known as acidity or hyperacidity. They are mild bases that neutralize
hydrochloric acid in the stomach, providing relief from symptoms such as heartburn and
indigestion. This project explores the nature, types, reactions, and effectiveness of various
antacids.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze commercial samples of antacids by determining the amount of hydrochloric acid
they can neutralize.
MATERIALS REQUIRED
• Commercial antacid tablets
• Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
• Distilled water
• Burette
• Pipette
• Conical flask
• Beaker
• Phenolphthalein indicator
THEORY
Antacids are weak bases that neutralize stomach acid. The general reaction involves a base
(such as magnesium hydroxide) reacting with hydrochloric acid to form salt and water. This
neutralization reaction helps in reducing acidity in the stomach.
PROCEDURE
1. Prepare a solution of HCl of known concentration.
2. Dissolve a known amount of antacid in water.
3. Titrate the antacid solution with HCl using phenolphthalein as indicator.
4. Note the volume of acid required to neutralize the base.
5. Repeat for different antacid samples.
OBSERVATIONS
Record the volume of HCl used for different antacid samples. Compare the efficiency based
on acid neutralized.
RESULT
The effectiveness of each antacid was compared based on the volume of HCl neutralized.
The most effective antacid neutralized the highest amount of acid.
CONCLUSION
Antacids provide effective relief from acidity by neutralizing excess stomach acid. Their
effectiveness can vary depending on the active ingredient and formulation.