External beam radiation Therapy.
CANCER TREATMENT
External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) involves several components including the following:
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Linear Accelerators (Linacs). The most common type of EBRT machine, linacs can produce both
electrons and x-rays.
Cobalt 60 units-These devices use gamma-ray emmittingsources.
Kv teletherapy units-These kilovoltage x-rays units are sometimes used instead of electron
beams.
Particle accelerators-These machines use protons instead of photons for proton therapy.
COMPONENTS OF LINAC
Linac head-Contains components that affect the output beam,such as the target,primary
collimator,flattering filter,ionization chamber,mirror,and secondary collimator.
Drive Stand-Contains the klystron or magnetron,RF waveguide,circulator and cooling water system
Gantry-contains the electron gun,accelerator guide and treatment head.
Palse modulator,radiofrequency generator,accelerating waveguide and beam transport system.
TREATMENT PROCESS
Positioning-The patient is carefully positioned so that the treatment area receives the correct amount of
radiation.
Shielding-Shields may be used to protect healthy tissue from the radiation
Treatment-The treatment is painless and lasts only a few minutes.
Monitoring-The patient is closely monitored by a technologist in another room.
-Radioactive iodine or I-131 is often mostly used.
-electrophoresis- drug extractor.