RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
GRADE 6
MAJOR FUNCTIONS
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Supply oxygen to the blood.
Remove carbon dioxide from the body.
Enable vocalization and sense of smell
.
MAJOR COMPONENTS
1.Nose
2.Pharynx
3.Larynx
4.Trachea
5.Bronchi
6.Lungs
7.Alveoli.
DISEASES OF
RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
Asthma
•A chronic condition characterized by inflammation
and narrowing of the airways, leading to
wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness,
and coughing.
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Symptoms: wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing
Triggers: allergens, pollution, exercise
Treatment options: inhalers, lifestyle changes
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease (COPD)
• A group of diseases that cause airflow
blockage and breathing-related problems,
primarily including chronic bronchitis and
emphysema. Symptoms often include
chronic cough, mucus production, and
difficulty breathing.
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Symptoms: chronic cough, mucus production
Risk factors: smoking, air pollution
Pneumonia
An infection that inflames the air sacs in
one or both lungs, which may fill with
fluid or pus, causing cough, fever, chills,
and difficulty breathing
.
Symptoms: cough, fever, chills, difficulty
breathing
Tuberculosis (TB)
A bacterial infection that primarily affects the
lungs but can also affect other parts of the
body. Symptoms include a persistent cough,
chest pain, and coughing up blood, along with
fever and night sweats
• Symptoms: persistent cough, chest pain, weight loss
Lung Cancer
The uncontrolled growth of abnormal
cells in the lungs, which can lead to
various symptoms such as a persistent
cough, chest pain, weight loss, and
difficulty breathing.
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Risk factors: smoking, radon exposure
Symptoms: cough, chest pain, weight loss
Pulmonary Fibrosis
A condition that causes scarring of the lung
tissue, leading to difficulty in breathing and
decreased oxygen supply. Symptoms
include a dry cough and shortness of
breath
Bronchitis
•Inflammation of the bronchial tubes, which can
be acute (often following a cold) or chronic
(due to smoking or other irritants). Symptoms
include coughing, mucus production, and
fatigue
Pulmonary Hypertension
High blood pressure in the blood vessels
that supply the lungs, which can lead to
shortness of breath, fatigue, and chest
pain.
Prevention
1.Not smoking tobacco and avoid second-hand
smoke.
2.maintain a healthy body weight.
3.eat a healthy diet.
4.be physically active.
5.limit alcohol consumption.
6.practice good hygiene.
7.get the recommended vaccinations