TABLE
0 F
G 0. N T E i; T S
I - PREFACE
Il - HISTORY OF PAIITABAhGANIII - CUSTOM IND TRADITIONS
IV - RELIGION
V - PRODUCTS
VI - HISTORY OF SAN <JUiN
VII - HISTORY OF NAPON-NARON
VIII - HISTORY OF kARIKET
E< -
HISTORY OF CADACLAN
X - HISTORY OF LUB-LOB
XI - HISTORY OF CONVERSION
XII - HISTORY OF ABACA<
XIII - HISTORY OF TAANG
XIV - HISTORY OFi.KATANGLARAK
XV - HISTORY OF GUINGIN
XVI - HISTORY OF PUG 0
XVII - HISTORY OF DAKGAN
XVIII - HISTORY OF PAMtALABINA.
XIX - AClulOWLEDGEiJENT
This brief history of Pr ntpb.- figen was prepared by the
Rf;nt-ban&an Teaching Force*
Respectfully submitted,
r
/
B.l-M
Pr inc ipe 1
PREFACE
' illy motivated to
XU&
produce this history bee.- use of the f ct th?, t Bontnhangan
has been well known to all high ranking government officials
of the entire island for hunting purposes t nd for the governor Francis Burton Har ison Swimming Pool known rs hiuinit
Springs.
Besides this Rint^bangan is situated in a b- sin-like
,
loc-tion bounded by the massive mountains inhabited by frt
deers, wild hogs, and birds which m-ke it more impressive
not only to ranking official? of the province but r, lse^ to
high ranking officials of. the Philippines.
In f ct, vgyji
back in’1913 when Don Serkin Lins«fignn wos the Municipal
President, he was able to coll the attention of the then
Governor-General Francis Buton Bar iron.
Through the cour­
tesy of Ser< fin LinsaSgan, all the’Jhabitahts of this Munici­
• o, of which the present supremo
pality
and one of the authors of this history, witnessed the entrance
of Gov. Ear ison .in the Pohla©ion of Psntab-ngnn in 1915.
The hospitality shown by the people of Pantrbangan, in
nil sorts of amusements like Rigodon De Honor^ held at the home
of the said Presidents, a historical house built in 1863
still stand in : to the present,P nd the hunting of ’ lid hogs.,
deer, and
ild carnbPos Pt Iwaluyon, Conversion, P-nt^Kng«n,
Nueva EciJa had convinced the then Governor-genertjl of the •
Philippine Islands that the Filipino peo le deswrve.| complete
and immediate Independence.
It •
roug
■ tion
that woiM^rrioon first drafted his opinion thnt the Filipino
2
[people should be given complete pnd immediate Independence
in e book written by him entitled "The Cornerstone or Philippine
Independence".
This is shovn by the fact that the book wPs
dedic- ted to Don Serpfin Lineang. n by Gov. Harrison.
This is one re< son -h.- the euthors me de up their minds
I to write this history to make fresh into the minds of the
r pepce loving people of the Philippines th-t they owe at lePst
f a little, if not all their present complete enjoyment of Inde!
pfcndence from the people of Prntr. b ng^n.
HISTORY OF THE TOW OF MTAihGIGAN
The town of Panting'n, Nuev
EcijP wss inhabited by
three groups of people before the coming of p priest explorer
a nd discoverer named Father Antolin de Alincpstre, a Dominican
from Spain.
These threeggoups of people were the Aetas or Ne­
gritoes, the Irol-le,
nd the Italeng.
The Aetps lived in a
place known os Pantabangnnan, about three kilemeters awpy from
the town, the Irol-les from s place known as Tuboy, two hundred meters from the poblpcion and the It~lengs in the place
known as Lub-lob, presently « brrrio,sixteen kilometers awpy
from the town.
The.Aetcr were rltbgether driven ,..w>y from the town, the
Irpl-le# (who sp<{ :
) have their de^endrfitsf the pre­
sent inhrbitFnts, while the It. lengs h^ve gone farther north­
ward to the Car-brllos and h-ve
passed
th^t pr-ssedy
nd} red the many centuries
The It&lt-nare wild and dangerous because they
kill Christians es well aa
as their own kind, their homes pre not
permanent end they move from kaifigin to kaiSgin.
The It?lengs
ere whpt the Spaniards called ns the "Ilonggotp", the PQmpanguenos cell/# them "HaSganib"
nd the
logs call them "Ilong-
gots".
According to reliable sources this town was discovered
by Father Antolin de Alincestre, in
the year 1650 more or
less by following the Pnjnp<-nga River, until be came in contact
with the Aetos living in Pantkbangsnan.
Aetfs went to a place
The priest with the
’ n . s Tuboy where the Irol-les lived.
2
In the process of their talks regarding the ins -nd outs
of the lives of the natives the interpreter of the priest no­
ticed th?t the Aetfs and Irol-les were already hungry so the
interpreted told the priest 'to rive, them breRd or pan,
the priest readily did.
hich
While the natives were e-ting the
bre- d (pan) one of the natives spoke in P&mpango a nd said,
"Idaki katabang„n ya", which in Tagalog is 'Iday katabangah",
r.t that point when the priest vns asking the natives^wh-it to
cr 11 the town^they 8re -oing to
ftotal, so the priest called
the place Pant3bpngnn which remained unchanged up to the pro­
That same moment, with the approval of all the natives
sent.
the priest appointed Ilyat, the bravest of the Irol-les as
jjutjulQ^or Kopitan, which he Inter christened giving him the
name Juan del V. lief the first Kopitan of Pantabf,ng„n.
Later
Fr. Alincp.stre proposed to del Vr lie the erection of e church
which the Aetn.s .nd Irol-les approved.
They decided further t
that the church should be built at a place where the town now
stands to be srfe from even th' gee,n test ever-flow of the
river.
When the priest g8w and observed that the Aetas and
Irol-les were living harmoniously ■. nd unitedly, he bade them
good-bye and went to the town of Pune-. .
ho records were -vn liable until th
ye- r 1812, with the
arrival of - not her Spanish frior named Fr Patricio Grr,bac-.
According to eld folks living at th^t time this priest was
harsh -nd stric(r.
In the month of September of the s-me yerr
1812, when the to’n was populated merely by three cr bezas de
barp.ngny, Fr. Gr„bnCa decided to erect the church, to be. built
of strong mrteri-ls, such ~s stone, lime, and. brides and herd
3
wood.
That wrs whrt happened.
tion of the church.
Er. Grabsca began the cons true-
Every one set to work, from the child who
could Carry a little stone to the oldest man.
School children
v.’ere required to bring one stone e, ch before and after classes
morning Fnd afternoon.
The population incref sed and i.
1825,
when there were already six cubezas de barangay the church was
completed.
If you observe closely the church of PantabPngan
you will marvel at the architectural knowledge of the priest
who wad responsible flor its erection end the patience and will­
ingnesr to obey of the people of Pantpbrngrn nt that time.
The church now serves ps a reminder of the harsh and hard times
as well as the sentiments of the Pantabangan people during the
regime of the i,rir.rs.
Manj tales and stories passed from ge­
neration to generation telling about the hardships suffered by
the people of the town as well as the many years of renowned.
According ••'to reliable sources this town hrs been under
the jurigiction of Bacolor, then provincial captit: 1 of PpmPaaga, then of the jurisdiction of Bong- bon, then capital of
Nuev- Ecijp. ,• then of San la. dro, and lastly of Gabanatuan.
In the year 18B8 Bather Abdon Obispo w<-s the parish priest
of this town pnd the c pit^n was LeoifSalazal!.
Before Leon
S8lazar there were many more ccpitr.ns ghegd like the following:
Capitan Gabino Kgpia (lenrned : nd educated in Manila); Jose
Urips; Esteban villa; Pablo Kapis; Antonio ViULailor; Frf ncisoo
de 3. n Juf.n( learned ?nd educated in Manila); Miguel de San
Jupn; Daniel Villrgiun; Antonio Rios.
Capitan c-me the following:
Tomas Kaert?; Jos.-
After Leon Salazar as
Jose Kapia; Geronimo Villaflor;
(2n<| tH r. ); Mariano nuertf.; Geronimo
4
ViLl&flor (2nd term), and; Manuel Lins;.ngan.
During the Administration of Capitan iianuel Linsangan
c me the Philippine Revolution which began on August 26, 1896
The First Cry of Balintawsk.
Then c8me Andres Vil^a under fa
whose administration came the Spanish-American War.
During
the Filipino-Americ-n W8_r the Capitan was Dionisio Barcelo,
until th-t ti e the Army of the United States composed of Ne­
groes led by -n American whit® named JRflles Devis T ylor Jr.cftw^The success of the Americ n Forces over the xilipino For-
ces marked another period in the history of t e Philippines.
In line with t .is chPnge, Bantr.bj-ngrn’s local government was
reorganized.
The municipnl presidents
nd mayors of p{!ntPb ng8n
since the American Occupntion up to the present follows wfith
their corresponding terms,chronologically.arranged;
Francisco villjuan I
19U0 - 1901
2.
Pedro •.illaflor
-1902 - 1904
1905 - 1907
3.
Clr.udio Reyes -
4.
Francisco ninsp.ng-n -
1906 - I1.110
5.
Serafin Llnse.ng8n - - -
1211 - 1213
6.
Guillermo nuertp
•1914 - 1916
7.
Andres Rios
1917 - 191©
8.
Bernardino V. Kapia - -
1920 - 1924
9.
Ere nd sco Huerta - - - .
•1925
10.
Benito 0. BorjP
1228 - 1930
1927
11.
Ventura Dglusong
•1931
12.
Bablo Villa Jusn -
1937 - 1940
13.
Antonio V. Escubio
1941 - Nov. 3rd 1942
1 .
Bernardino V. K^pia
- - Nov. 4, 1942 - June
15,1944
1936
5
Jun. 16, 1944 - Mar. 13, 1945
15.
Antonio Esoubio - -
16.
Alejpndro Balagtns - - -Mar. 14, 1945 - uct. 22, 1945
17.
Antonio Escubio - -
IB.
Demetrio Bela Merced- - Jan. 1, 1948 - Aug. 11, 1948
- Oct. 23, 1945 - Dec. 31, 1947
19.
Ricprdo Linsangan - - - Aug. 12, 1948 - Dec. 31, 1951
20.
Aurelio V. Linsanga.n- - JPn.l, 1952 - to date
The first members of the PAntabPngPn Munici al Council
were:
1.
Don Francisco Rill; jupn 1st - 1 - - President
2.
pon Claudio delos Reyes
3.
Don Jose Villajupn - - ■
Secretary
4.
Alejandro Uera -
Treasurer
Vice President
Chief of Police
5. "W uric io mo line ■
6.
Councilors;
a.
Dams so Ram°s
b. ... Juan Ramos
e.
David Urbino
f.
Jose Iniwan
c.
Juan Redondo
g.
Gregorio Villa
d.
Jose SPtor
h.
Clemente Salazar
The land area of Pantn bangr.n is 81,000 hectors approximately, but only a small portion of these is cultivated because
most of the are? is covered by mountains and thick forest.
Old as it is, Parftpb-ngPn is still a fourth class munici-
pality.
The census of 1948 states th«t it h? s e tot. 1 popula-
tion of only ft, KO.
With the non-Christian barrios included
the population must be around 9,000 more or less.
The progress of thfts town is very slow,
s compared to
nev towns principally because of the difficult means of trf,nsport^tion.,
People of this town ere rendered helpless and se-
U - 6 )
eluded especially during the r^iny season?.when transportation
y
?„use of t e Jr..- ■ cqm.cy of the road.
During the dry season, from December to Bay, trunsporta-
tion is better because of the operation of three saw mills
oper- ting in this municipality*
Life is easier for six months
but for the next half ye-r everything goes dreary, gloomy and
s-d as the place is almost entirely separated from the rest of
of the world.
However, the y>eople of this toi n are optimistic nd looking
forward with high hopes tint responsible provinci. 1 and national
officials would realize# that this town really ne.ds and deserves
better tr; nsportPtion facilities as is accorded to §nd enjoyed
by other municjjplities, so that, the many gifts of Mure such
as foreSts, mines, and other natural resources could be used to
advantage not onl. by the reci< ents of this town but also or
the province nritt the whole Isl&nu as well.
lantpb. 116-n has the following b rrioss
Christ
Non-Christian Bo.
n Bo.
Ab?-cfi
S; n Jupn
2.
Nepon-nap.n
2.
Bp rikit
b.
Ka tang lr ran
Cadaclan
Going in
Lub-1 b
Pujo
6.
Conversion
7.
7.
Ganduz
Da kg' n
7.
Sampaloo
pRiigc 1> bii-Lgan
Dap
Ce mbitala
9.
Taeng
. -
9.
Umubi
7
10.
10.
Kevitas
11.
Saw kill
12.
Pant.b. ngnne.n
iiang-yngay
The triyfcwTyx-nf7.1.-ME 2) regoing brr ios are just gs ’. ell
• ith their respective histories found ala. in this zikxi write
up.
CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS
The people of Pantsbe.ngan are peace-loving, industrious
and hospitable.
They are religious and h?.ve remained through
the last three centuries thue to the Roman Catholic Faith.
When there is r c.H for cooper--tive work, whether they be
for relatives or not, everyone gives a shr.re willingly, either
mannually, materialy, or both.
Example of these are when there
is somebody dead or when there are to be mariied, in building
houses, in preparing ricefields, or making keinging, the people
work cooperatively.
Christmas Day as is celebrated by the whole Christian
world is just ss well colorfully observed by PantPbRngan. '
On Christmas Eve tthe procession is held around the town depi cting Joseph and Virgin kary looking for a place to stry in
during the night, knocking at the door or grtes of improvised
houses and palaces along the street of the town v,herein the
owners drive them awry until they came to a constructed Belen
in the church where Jeses Christ wns born. The follduing
morning everyone goes to ehuroh to visit the dhild and kiss
Him as a sign or love und devin-tion.
After mass you will
find children 'nd adults alike visitii p their families,their
8
love ones which t.ey could naraly uo during orc incry d ;ys.
Three Kings a y is also fittinglly observed where in turn it is t
the adults that go around and ask for gifts.
During the fltoly week the people observed church rules
of abstinence by not eating meat of animals.
On Holy *‘hurs-
day and Good Friday groups of men depict the hardships
suffered by Jesus Christ.
They enter the townwith faces
covered with vines with thorns Bound their waist and head,
their feet tied -nd are being beaten by what we call Verdugo’s,
puneturea with knives at the back and beaten by themselves
continuously by a bundle of sticks of about a decimeter lo£g,
to let alone tne
flow of bloou is indeed a tearful and hard
thing to do but because it is a vow before our beloved patron
St, Anarew after getting well fnom serious ddiseases they obey
it and dees it yearly.
Others have be-n doing this for over
thirty years now ana others hove promised their life long to
fulfil their vow.
x*s to church bells, beginning -«ngelus on Wednesday eve­
ning up to '■'aturday, the bells are not rungin place of vhicn
church services are known by means of ”
Pegopak"
(Splitced
bamboos ana manipulated like cymbals) done by children going
around the town.
During Ue
eriod , you will find that
i' 9,
their are "Tapatans" performed by the group of men who have gone |
to the extent of memorizing
tne contents of the passion,
and try to ansewer iaoh\i£her riddles about divinity, and
performing the periods of the last da?a of our Lord Jesus
9
Christ;.
After the tapetanthe,.house wiere th
observed^prepares ana serves rood
mers and
occassion was
na ar inks to the perfor-
all the spectators, the owner of the house is
often times taken by surprise.
In celebration of ata Cruz the Mayo, there is what
.e call here"poagawan'*
for nine consecutive or eighteen
consecutive evenings.
Cakes are prepared like Human ana
other kinds of cakes to be hung on a kalawag (splitted
bamboo or oo$o and made into a square where the sumans are
hunged) and after .the elenas have gone aroung the town
people jump for the suman.
les, indeed, the people of Fcntabangan are religious
and C0Q£_f©aringjthey abbhored most especially stealing,
ana getting others propert
if ever yo
from carabaos to eggs, or bolos,
forgot to keep them, even in meadows or rice fields,
return. and you ’wll find them unuarmea.
as
a result of the last
dorId war, however, Many people
have forgotten such noble traditions,
ithis is .,ne of the
most unforgei^iole thing taugnt to us by the Japanese, the
**^urakot system, ana the raia system, etc>
It
not known
when the return to the gooa ola days before the war will
come.
hiSLI CION
For the last three centuries the town people of P&ntabangan have remained devodi ikoman Catholics.
However,
just a year or two before this writing there came to be a
change because there are now a few other seats being intro-
1U
dueed and embraced by the pwople.
^here are now e few of;
Christian Missions, Methodists, Iglesie ni Cristo, and jehovahs witnesses.
*mong the Hoggots- tribes they still and
are not con'/ertoa to Christianity.
^heir religion is Jaga-
nism.
PRODUCTS
liver since the found ..ng of the towm, the products raised
are rice, corn, camotes, peanuts, gabi, sugar c :ne, tobacco,
11 other seasonal crops, -abun­
fruits, ana veger
dant fish, shrimps, crabs, snails, eels, and frogs are caught
in its rivers md streams,
forest products, principally
logs, timber or the first ©lass type are Stt ennir 1 ^..)Oxt
gogo, rattan, almaciga, and fiee^ood are just as well exported,
Llslt* are woven for up* use
gats af
nd for
export and are ‘considered one oi5 the best mots in the islands.
The most outsf nuing of thia products however, come irom
our vri.de forest.
The best hunting grounds for deer and wild
pigs are here as evidenced, by the many pieces of venison
OTTOS.
•l. meat brou
"il^
ducks, ..nd wild chic .ens provide those interested in games
much pleasure and fun.
Yearly hunters -rom neighboring towns
-nd'* provinces visit tne plfce purposely to hunt for deer
nd
wild pigs.
Dear reads s, if you wish to experiences good times
in hunting, if you seek adventure, if you are a lover of
nature, come and v.-£it ^antahang n.
Xt? hospitable peopife
IL
will be willing to help you, ■ nu guiae you to bur hunting
grounds
11
0
ila.
JUaN .
HlSTOfiY 0?
The bigrtst barrio of Fttntab mgcn is
^uan, located
east of Jflblaoion about Six kilometers a^ay.
iiarly during the 19th century there were already houses
on the barrio.
The/ firs
.cd c r.oaos herds.
to
live in the place ware cowherds
were *'earo Bagsic and “eguil urbida.
t,.hey
J
These two cattle herders were working for the
who were
Huerta Family
once known for having tae greatest number
of cows and oare.be osin mntabangan.
After some years other settlers came and set.led near
the river side --.nd founae . the barrio of ®an •'uan.
The place
is the present Ties field of the barrio.
Ln 1397, however, it rained very hard and the barrio
was over flooada.
It so happened that
Ur. Bernardino /.
Kapia, the grand old man of Luntabangan was in the barrio^
so he suggested to the eldermen of th.- place to return to the
former site a..ove, on a plateau where now st uads the oar. io.
Today, "an Ju; m is t„. ^i jest barrio having a complete
elementary school with nine teachers.
it has b en regard
During the last years
the modal barrio of this rnu-ici
Farming is theletding occupation
inhabitants after the planting
to hunting and lumbering.
of the people,
The
nd harvesting seasons resort
Host of the molave post
nd rail-
raod ties coming out of Jr - tabu ng .n come from this burrio.
San Juan offer^ the nearest hunting grounds .nd
Imoet every
aay of the week there are fresh venison t nd wild hogs meat.
12
Today, tne population ofban Juan is continously in­
creasing there ere many Ilocanos coming to clear forest
and near by valleys.
There are many dieleats spoken by
the people but Tagalog is predominant.
HIoIOBY 0? .hiPOK--.Ai’O'.'
jiboat throe kilometers easo of the i Iblacion lies the
nearest barrio of *’upon—“apoii.
xhe barrio was named after
the stream that flows at the middle of th. barrio.
Presently
nobody could uell us how the stream came to be called JJapon-
ha on.
•
The
according to reliable in formations the founder of Napon
hapon were Venancio Lumanog -nd his wife "ntoni:. Lioid.
one ikosendo
Memaril i’ollwoed after a rme years.
from e place known as nesik about a kilometer away
town,
Then
They came
rom the
jpiey transferred beeaase their ani.J: is were destroying
the crops of a nearby place called Canotuan.
Both Besik
end Cnutuen ure now i’irsr class rice fields.
It was in 18600 more or less that hapon-hapon begun to
be a barrio.
^oday i.apon- ..upon is in habiteu b
Ilocanos,
pangnsinan, yampangtanos, but more of legs logs.
llapon-J-jon no..' is one of the most progressive barrios.
It has a complete elementary school with six teachers, nil
the echo ,1 buildings, ouilt
by the local i-.T.-A. of "apon-Uepon.
..ere donated
Napon-Kapon raises a va­
riety of crops like sugar cane, tobacco rice, corn oemote and
supplies the town with vegetables.
13
HISTOHK OF MARIKIT
M
Ilarikit is located in a narrotf strip of levelland bet-
weenhigh peaks of the §iei*a Madre Mountain about 14 kilome­
ters east of the town of Pantabangan.
Built near the Deculiat river, Mari it is wifell known for its
towering coconuts trees, its temperate climate, itspineapple
fields, cacaoplants, citrous fruits, sabutan plants, coffee
end black pepper vines, and wide sugar cane fields.
This barrio was founded by brothers Antonio and Juan
.Villaflorat about ihy year 1850.
One Vidal -hi gara, a native
of Baler, Quezon upon reaching the place two or three years
after the Villaflors decided to make the place his home.
xhen came the following settlers Francisco Agdipa, Narciso
+
Gonzales, Castor ^aoinbsoai d his brotherGabino Sapinosa.
*[
_
Ma-riki t like ^apon- ’apon and §an Juan has a complete elementary
school.
Mr. Conceso V. uera, presently Lead teacher of San
Juan Elementary School was the first public school teacher
who opened the school in mrikit way back in 1938.
The people lining in Marikit
presently are mostly Ilo-
canoswho came from the-Iloeos Provinces and from ?angasinan.
There are as well many Tagalogs.
^he principu- occupation of the people is farming. After
the planting and harvesting season the people make like other
barrios molave post and railraod ties.
Today, a lumber mill
is operating along the nearby forest of the locality.
14
HISTORY OF THE BARRIO OF CADACLAN
How Cadaclan got its name, nobody can tell exactly but
ft was s id that hunters from
there is a story related to it.
the town, and the neighboring barrios 'happened to meet at the
They have not catch any yet when an overlarged deer
place.
came on their midst.
One Ilocano^ hunter shot and killed
it and shouted, "Kadacdakilan daytoy" which means the big est
or the largest or the larges .
From that llocano word
the
name of Cadaclan w s derived.
Cadaclan is one and half kilometers away from the barnio
of San Juan or seven kilometers away from the Polblacion.
high mountain separates
A
Cadaclan from San Juan.
3-he founder of Cadaclan barrion is xeodoro Daniaga.
He
was later joined by the following; Urbano 3ancod, Delfin
Cudal
(deceased) and'Enriqe ^vangelista.
settlers
At first
these
libecfar apart that is th / live in the place
they
are clearing or at their kaingins.
^he people decided to live
$hen came the war in 1941.
near each other for security resulting to the formation of the
now barrio/ of Cadaclan, in 1942.
^he first settlers augmen­
ted by many evacuee3 from the lowlands made the barrio
have
a big er pupolation.
In 1942, father Jes Croonen, of Holland,Parish ^riest of
Pantacangan officiated at the formal enauguration of the
barrio of Cadaclan.
xhe following were the first barrio leaders;
1. Urbano Aincod— Teniel
del Barrio
15
2. Teodoro Baniaga ---- Pres, of neighbor Hood association,
3. Head Leaders;
1. Jaime ^arica
2. ^nrique Evangelista
3. Petronilo Presto
4. Juliam Assuncion
Cadaclan now has
four teachers in the barrio which in 1943
Mr. Enrique Mabual was the first teacher.
The school buildings
are constructed of strong materials, like the barrio of Napon-
Napon similarly constructed
through cooperative efforts between
the barrio people and the teachers.
Today, more then ever the people of Cadaclan from their
humble kn^Lngins have learned to live a united, peaceful and
' frugal life with great hopes of further improvements in the
near future.
HISTORY OF THE BAR4I0 OF LUB-LOB
Lub-Lob is the farthest Christian barrio east of the
town of Pantabangan, being 10 kilometers away.
During the spanish regime , the place was populated by the
Italengs or xlonggots.
"he Italengs were quick in action and
they wer war like as their decendants are now a days.
It. was said that onepioneer priest attempted to convert
the ^talengs to Christianity.
the priest even brought with
him a Patron gaint i n Lub^Lob.
t first the Ilonggots were
easay to deal with, bgt because of the misunderstanding
ween
bet­
the priest the chief of the Italengs the priest was be­
headed/
When the priest was beheaded the Italengs , cut a piece
from the statue of the saint.
finding out that it was just a
16
a piece of wood the Italengs laugh loudly shouting "Buiaon"
meaning hard wood or molave.
Lub-L0- is situated on a very wide, level land and succepPresently the place is covered by the
table to agriculture.
T>
thick forest which if the big trees could be /Mrin sewn into
lumber would amount to many thousands of pesos or even millions
.worth of lumber.
During the school year 1953-53
there is opened school
in this barrio with Miss Bufina Castillo, a native of the place
as the first teacher.
$here is also a more by many pioneer leaders not only of
Pantabangan but also of other towns to ask the government? to
distribute the land to the landless, and found in the place
a new municipality.
Plenty of bananas and other fruits^ are raised in L^b-Lob.
HISTORY OF
CONVERSION
About seven kilometers Northwest of ^antab .ngan is the
barrio of Conversion.
Tt is one of the oldest barrios and got
its name from the wiMfd Conversion that is the change from the
former religion to Chrisvianity, or
■^he barrio is located on a plateau.
xt is surrounded by
high mountains coiiered with thick forest and riverswhich offers
good games not only for the natives but also for visitors.
plains that glide along the ri
The
er are all turned to rice fields
which raised more than what the people need.
IS
As early as the beginning of the 19th century there were
iready persons settled in the barrio.
At first -the barrio
was erected by the river side as evidenced by. the gigantic
acia trees
and mango trees now growing in the place.
aca-
xhe first
settlers grow some coffee, sugar cane r com and root crops."
The great flood of 1927 forced the residents to transfer
the barrio where it now stands.
During the Japanese occupation
it is were thousands of guerillas took refuge like the town
and the rest of the other barrios.
During.the liberation the
barrio was evacuated, the j>eople transferred to the poblacion.
In 1946 the barrio people returned to work in their fields and
continue to.live a ha.py life to date.
Conversion now has a complete elementary school, buildings
of which are made of strong materials , with the school site
donated by the barrio peop_e through the initiative of the
teachers.
HISTORY OF THE BARRIO OF ABACA
Abac a is situated 17 kilometers north of the poblacion
of Pantabangan on top of the highest peaks of the Caraballo
mountains 15 thousand^ two hundred feet above the sea level
with an agricultural area of four-hundred hectares in habited
purely by Tionggots known previously -s the ^talengs.
Abaca has been formed by only a clan who is superior over
twelve clans.
Three years ago the barrio came to be formed a
complete barrio when school was established through the efforts
-13 of i, p. Linsangan, supremo and most learned of the
Ilongot tribe.
prior to the date there were Spanish priest missionaries
1
who attempted to built! a church right at Abaca with the
intention of converting the natives who were
and are still
pagan/s into Christianity but because of the dislike of this
people for white men said missionaries were all beheaded and
and the ideas hav been discontinued.
In the coming of the Americans there was an atteppt of
building school right in the area for the education of the
natives but because of the distance and the inconvenience of
transportation not to make mention of the die-hard head­
hunting habits of the people said school has been established
at Abuyo six kilometers away from the poblacion where one of
the authors of this history graduated
the seventh grade in
1923.
Abaca is scarcely twenty six houses at start situated
at a junction of Abaca and Guinautan rivers between the
’’Murmuring fine trees in the hemlocks”.
Thanks to the cooperation of the Division Superintendent
of Schools Elias M. Caray and ex-governor Juan 0. Chioco
through the insinuation and suggestion of the Ilongot supremo
that school was established at Abaca, yet there was a problem
that would ease the complete and smooth operation of school
and that is the fear of other plans of killing one another.
- 19 -
Mr. Dcroinador Villanueva was first sent as a finer
teacher in 1948 an! followed by Mr. Benjamen Aguilar who
Offered his life for the complete
unification of the nine
other tribes into one solid barangay under the complete
control of one centralized government.
Mr. Aguilar through
incendental marriage with one of the royal blood in 1949
June 5th
was able to put the nine tribes together into one
barangay by means of Padong(a typical war) between the superior
clan Abaca and the fest of the* nine other clans.
Because of
the democratic skill of Mr. Aguilar who could by then speak
Ilongot fluently as one of them the war games merged into a
word war where everybody was allowed to air his grievances
against any clan who were present at a time resulting to the
verbal agreement that no clan • or anj? superior clan may harm
one another and in case of a violation of such treaty the
remaining clans shall unite aginst the oppressor.
of the
As a result
different clans had decided to put up theie central
government at Abaca where they have the presedencia.
The first effecers elected were :
president
Jose P. Torres, alias Bituagen
Chief of police ...Felix Cajucom, alias Tugtog
Sergeant of police.Dimpao
All of th4se officers were then automatically appointed by
ex-govern or Juan 0. Chioco.
portions of different clans lining in different distant
places were obliged to reside at Abaca as
a s ignature of the
compact that no one will har m one another, resulting to the
2©
establishment of the now barrio of Abaca with a population of
ab out 600 s oula
more or less.
The people produce their own food in their kaingin where they
raise wild rice with bigger grains, camote, and a 11 seasonal
crops. They trade with the lowlanders with their deer
and wild
hogs meat and such other handicraft known as sabit, bangaw, sintao, degi, and lukbot.
They raise domestic animals suchas; pigs, chickens and dogs
the last of which they treasure because they use them for hunting
deer a nd wild pigs.
The peo
The people are very hospitable, they give everything they
can to their visit ord . They were formerly head-hunters and fears
Christians.
They worship God the Almighty, without any inferior gods,
and when one gets sick the priest call on the villagers to wor-
ship for him, worship of which is featured by praying for three
days, accompanied by gongs, while a sacrifice animal is tied at
the center of the house where it shall be killed on the third day
for offerings. The blood of the animal is then printed on the fore­
head and above the heart of every spectator including those who
are sick, hence, pronounced to be well.
The people of Abaca have high hopes that they shall be furnished
with work a nimals with which to till the four-hundred hectares
proposed as reservation for them, which is now pending in the office
of the Director of public Schools. The people of Abaca both young
and old adhere to education, and in fact while their children are
in school the teachers assigned thereon teach the adults how to
read and write resulting to about sixty voters to the present.
Marriage among the llonggots is only solemnized after two or
21
three years or after two or three children had been born, where
dowry shall be presented to as many members of any material thing
as may be desired by the members of the female side.
Abaca got its name from the Abaca plants which grow abundantly
along the junction of the Abaca, and Guinautan River.
HISTORY
OF
THE
BARRIO OF
TAANG
Taang is 25 kilometers northeast of Pantabangan located at the
junction of Taang and Casiknan Rivers about 10,000 feet above sea
level on the Car/aballo Mountains.
This barrio is also inhabited by pure Ilonggots numbering to
around 400s souls. Said barrio/ had been existing since 1918. It
is ruled by a chieftain named Tanaul, apparently subordinate to
chieftain Tulpog of Abaca, which was not mentioned above.
The traditions, customs, marriagelaws, beliefs, as well as
business transactions with the Christians is similar to that of
Abaca.
In 1949, a school teacher, Mr. Florentino Jardines, was first
sent to that place through the efforts of Mr. Linsangan, the re­
cognized leader of the tribe.
Taang got its name from an Sllonggot word2Mtaeng" meaning
ferns, growing "along the banks of the Taang River. Pugi was the first
name meaning a medicinal wine found at the mouth of the Taang
River, since, ferns grow more abundantly along the north of the river
the Ilonggot chieftain, Wagkay, changed it to Taang in 1396.
HISTORY OP THE BARRIO OF KATANGLARAN
Katanglaran is situated50 kilometers northeast of Pantabangan
on top of the Sierra Hadre Mountains, about 14,000 feet above sea
level. .It is in like manner inhabited by Ilonggots numbering to 900
souls, under the chieftainship of Yapugo, a cousin of overall chief­
tain Tulpog of Abaca, who from 1901 to 1943 was still the chieftain.
He was succeeded by his son
3 on in law Tugtog now President of the whole
clan with a seat at Abaca.
Katanglaran offers seme of the wonders of the world. In there
is situated the buttomless pit, 10 meters in diameter, apparently-
cemented at the top. Traditions reveal that 800,000 pieces of
rattan each rattan being 30 meters long with a 20 pound stone suspendedat the end
submerged for four years yet the stone did not
land, so the idea was abandoned. (Believe/ it or not)
Another wonder is a river about fourty meters wide running
at the foot of a mountain, flows for five minutes and out of water
for ten minutes. This river is Known as Gauden River. Sea fossils
are found all over stones on top of the hills which may prove that
the Philippines might oncehave been under sea water, when said river
is very far from the Pacific Ocean.
The customs, beliefs, marriage laws, a nd traditions is similar
to that of Taang and Abaca. Business transactions with Christians
is very seldom, hence they lack to the greatest extent salt and c
clothing. They raise their food from their kaingins. While they p
produce rice and such other seasonal crops
one of the exceptionali-
ties of Katanglaranls that they raise sugar cane of from thirty to
fourty meters long, suspended on dried first-class trees.
Katanglaran got its name from a plant known as tanlad.
y
23
HISTORY OF THS BARRIO OF GUINGIN
Guingin is located 3 kilometers southeast of Katanglaran at the
other side of the Kanuap Hiver flowing underground for six kilometers.
Guingin means big vines that coil around big trees used as medicine
for headaches and other ailments among the tribes, it is also used
to strengthen the morale of hunting dogs hence the barrio of Guingin
is named after these vines.
The population of Guingin is about 500 souls. They worship
God the Almighty, without inferior gods with the same procedure of
praying as that of Abaca. As to marriage laws, customs, beliefs
and traditions, they resemble that of
Abaca, Taang, they belonging
to the same tribe. Men use bahaque, suspended on gee strings while
the women are using tapis also suspended by gee strings made of
bronze wire, lien and women grow long hair, true to all the tribes,
a nd their only vice is the chewing of buyo.
It occupies an agricultural land of about 60 hectares suscepti­
ble to the growing of rice. The first ruler of this clan was Buldo.
He was succeeded by Chieftain Kiat in 1908.
The Products raised in this barrio are rice, camote, and such
other seasonal crops including sugar cane that grows thirty meters
in length. Fron the juice of the sugar cane they make some sort of
wine they call ’’lyab'' and the name of the sugar cane is ”B8yanw.
Their customs, beliefs, marriage laws, and traditions is
similar to all the other barrios already
mentioned.
I
HISTORY OF THE BARRIO OF PUGO:
1
Pugo is found seven kilometers east of Katanglaran or fifty
I one kilometerd
northeast of Pahbangan on top of the Sierra Madre
I mountains with a population of 700 more or less.
I
The religion of the natives is Paganism worshiping only one
I God the Father, known to them as "Diyot or ta ’ Ama”' and no infer­
ior gods.
Situated at the right side of the Kanuap river down stream
approximately 12,000 feet above sea level(elevation was taken by
Mr. I. P. linsangan, by means of flying over the area by pla ne
4, May 1951, with Abaca landing field as base).
The first chieftain in 1900 was Dangsel, succeeded by Walsiet,
puggi, Dik-Dik, and presently Dungpal.
The people seldomly taste salt because of lack of contact with
the Christian world. They produce thier own food in their kaingins
and raise crops such as rice, bananas, camote, and sugar cane, out
of which they also wine, cold yab, fermented within one hour by means
of bulk of trees and corn. They are war-like people, the best warriors
a'mong the Ilonggots tribes fully equipped with kampilan, kalasag,
spears, bow and arrow poisbned at the tip.
The people now submit to the central government at Abaca, re­
sulting in the minimizing fcf the killing of Christians in the vicinity
from 1943 todate.
HISTORY OF THE BARRIO OF DAKGAN.
Four kilometers out of Pugo, is the barrio of Dakgan, inhabited
by longgots numbering to about 700. This barrio was named after dakgan
meaning level land, surrounded by mountains also along the Kanuap river
t cn the right side down stream.
25
w farres elders coftld rememBer the o°rr4o w®s f'rst ruled *y
Panomula n who first m®de the Treaty of P® yo » pl” ce one klloneter
a we u from Ke t® ngl® re n In which is n - ; ®p®ndoned. Such treaty
was made in 1912 among ell of
the Honr"?ots tr’Bes l*ke ■D»JrFo> r’tPD
la r® n, AB*c«» Tanat» Puylng, K®'-’nan, Gin gin, Oep, ™png®n
y etc.
Other to rrios mentioned herein °re no longer existing. 8®** treaty
was villa ted tn July 1918 when the over a n ruler Tulpo" w®s k*lled
5 y Philippine const® p
r y men through the ins’nua t*on o* oh’ef-
ta in 3® dslng of the T a trio of 31rok resulting to t^e *nv®s4on of
the s®ld ffarrlo fry the different tr<?es mentioned ®"ove which merged *n
into triB a 1 revolution from 1918 t o 1925. This w®s the Peg’nn'ng
when s® id pl®nd took hold of t^ler government indenendent of one ”no±
ther. The reform followed when all the kl®ns were un*f*ed 4n ® treaty
me de at AP°ca In 1948 under Mr. 3 en,1«min fi«ru<l®r .
They r°ise plenty of rSce *n P« '•'ser nnantitles over a n tbe
r other trices of different v a tieties. Every .lead f®m*ly r®*ses two
to three
sir e one slse Is enua 1 to two oyons *n the T®g®loff ®nd
Iloc®no. T
They e® t rice only ones ® d®y °nd e®r
plenty of root crops
They see rcely t®ste s® it. Their clothing is I’ke th® t or tbe rest
of the trines Bot^ men ® nd women.
Clothings as well as costumes > Beliefs, tr’d’t^ons ®nd m®rr*a,*r
1? ws a re similar to the t of the rest. Thse
oenolo -re ° Iso w° rr’ors
fully eq ulpped like the t of the people of Ptigo.
23
k
HISTORY O1’’ TOB 3 ARRTO OR PA NO T/
Ns
pang? k? runsn me" ns the placr where one c° tc^es *ots.
Ein me0 ns ffs ts» hence the pl? ce we s c?lled TangPla^’n0 n Because
they c °t oh B«rs under ? tunnel.
ABout « kiloneter away from the f»nrr*o <s °
four kilometers In lenght with °
tunnel ° pprox' m" ti y
frrook running tinker ne”th "nfl where
p lenty of s? ts live. ’lining enginerrs h”ve exp] ore* 1he tunnel nn* xnxt?
v erlf y the truth In 193’. The first ruler we s 1* s’eHn succeeded xxx
Songpa 1 end presently Dik-Nik.
Sn’d Be rrlo hes tr° ns for-ed ’nto Tmuyo der'ved for” °
r>?°n
hold Amnyot used to con oner the he ° rt of young l°dies hence tbe ne^le
a re ee lied Amuyo. The chlof+n4n of fr<9 o nrr’o under snfr-®uthority or
the chieft®in of T® p ng* with °
pop’ll'’ t<on of « round 4,or^ souls.
Thdse group of people are less ’ndustr’ous °nd so”t*”e« suffer
? nnupl femlne due to the f«ot the t it is located on " noun tenons <’re°
^As
of
result they wander f rom one pl°ce to another To*n’ to t*e extent
russlng some? odys' k^in^n
Religion, traditions, oooudniAo, ? el’efs, products °n* elothIng p rei similar to the t of the res"’. They g row ror p'oe-^nnles.
The ? re?
covered 5y s°id ■’crrJ,o is '"out 200 hundred heot^es st*rr
mount"ifts not suitable for egricultur0! purposes.
AfflKIIOWLEDGEMEHT
Full ftptoffiwledgement
is made of a following per sans
for having made possible the writing of this brief history
of Pantabangan;
1. To Mr. Bernardino V. Kapia 910 years old,grand Old
Man of Pantabangan who had been for many times treasurer, auxi-
liary justice of peace and municipal president for giving us
exact names of personages and dates.
2. ±o Mr. Flaviano uera 85 years old resident by reason
of birth who had presented some scriptures about the history of
Pantabangan.
3. To Mr. Augusto Uera 60 years old vho has given us
exact datas-not only of the history of Pantabangan bu t also
importtit facts about the Ilonggots he being a hunter sinee
1916 and has done many buisness t ran suctions with the, Ilonggots.
4. To iar. Jose urias of §an Juan who furnished us datas
about the history of °an Juan,
5. To Mr. ™eodoro ^aniaga and Jaime BariCa for giving
us datas for the history of Cadaclan.
6. ^o Gavino niroso of Napon-tapon.
7. io
Benito Gonzales of *'*arikit
8. To
^uiterio Castillo of Lub-Lob
9. To Dominga Kapia of Conversion
For flats and names of persons of the none-Christian tribes
acknowledgement is hereby made of the folio wing;
lySingxxco of Abaca,90 years old resident of Abaca by
birth,member of the royal blood,for giving us complete in formation
of the Treaty
of rayo of 1912 and its violation in 1918.
2. Felix Caj com Alias ’Aigtog
3. Santiago Barcelo present representative to the
of the Ilogggots who not only ti*ansacted buisness
governor
with them but married a native of Taang.
4. To Mr. Lorenzo ^steban, the great hunter^viio first
penetrated the fierce Pangalabinan tribes in 1918.
5. To Teodoro Beninga anjrf Ilonggot/ fluent speaker who
penetrated gatanglaranthrough Pugo in 1926.
6. *o Domingo Chavez who went under spear to
Virok
through Abaca in 1925 during the violation the treaty of Payo.
7. To Lucio sarcelo ((.deceased 9L2 years old) for telling
the authors some wonderful stories in the history of the Ilonggots
tribes from 19°1 to 1952y
Tn the event that any body who may read this history
and finds that there are some short comings and corrections
the authors shall acknowledge the same as a part of this
present.
This history has been made possible through the
efforts
exerted by the ^antabangap teaching for/ce and especially by
Mr. Godofredo V. Uera and Mr. Ismael P. Linsangan, tfio took
pains of contacting the above resource persons.
Principal