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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Danish modern also known as
Scandinavian modern is a style of
Selection of Danish Modern works
minimalist furniture and
housewares from Denmark
associated with the Danish design
movement. In the 1920s, Kaare
Klint embraced the principles of
Bauhaus modernism in furniture
design, creating clean, pure lines
based on an understanding of
classical furniture craftsmanship
coupled with careful research into
materials, proportions, and the
requirements of the human body.[1]
Designers such as Arne Jacobsen
and Hans Wegner helped bring
about a thriving furniture industry
from the 1940s to the 1960s. Adopting mass-production techniques and concentrating on form
rather than just function, Finn Juhl contributed to the style's success. Additionally, minimalist
Danish housewares such as cutlery and trays of teak and stainless steel and dinnerware such
as those produced in Denmark for Dansk International Designs in its early years, expanded the
Danish modern aesthetic beyond furniture.[citation needed]
History [ edit ]
Origin [ edit ]
Between the two world wars, Kaare Klint exerted a strong influence on
Danish furniture making. Appointed head of the Furniture Department at
the Architecture School of the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, he
encouraged his students to take an analytical approach, adapting
design to modern-day needs. Adopting the Functionalist trend of
abandoning ornamentation in favour of form, he nonetheless
maintained the warmth and beauty inherent in traditional Danish cabinet
making, as well as high-quality craftsmanship and materials.[2]
The development of modern Danish furniture owes much to the
Kaare Klint:
Church Chair
(1936)
collaboration between architects and cabinetmakers. Cabinetmaker A.
J. Iversen, who had successfully exhibited furniture from designs by architect Kay Gottlob at
the International Exposition of Modern Industrial and Decorative Arts in 1925 in Paris, was
instrumental in fostering further partnerships. In 1927, with a view to encouraging innovation
and stimulating public interest, the Danish Cabinetmakers Guild organized a furniture
exhibition in Copenhagen which was to be held every year until 1967. It fostered collaboration
between cabinetmakers and designers, creating a number of lasting partnerships including
those between Rudolph Rasmussen and Kaare Klint, A. J. Iversen and Ole Wanscher, and
Erhard Rasmussen and Børge Mogensen. From 1933, collaboration was reinforced as a result
of the annual competition for new types of furniture, arranged each year prior to the
exhibition.[3][4]
In 1931, another key institution in the development of Danish Modern formed; The Association
of Arts (Danish: Forening for Kunsthaandværk) founded a permanent venue for arts and craft
called Den Permanente [da].[5]
Start of the Golden Age [ edit ]
In the postwar years, Danish designers and architects believed that design could be used to
improve people's lives. In the late 1940s, the growing middle class in Denmark began to show
interest in Danish Modern and helped fuel further investment into the style.[6] Particular
attention was given to creating affordable furniture and household objects that were both
functional and elegant. Fruitful cooperation ensued, combining Danish craftsmanship with
innovative design. Initially, the furniture was handmade, but recognizing that their work would
sell better if prices were reduced, the designers soon turned to factory production.
The scarcity of materials after World War II encouraged the use of plywood. In the late 1940s,
the development of new techniques led to the mass production of bent plywood designs by
Hans Wegner and Børge Mogensen, both of whom produced chairs with a teak plywood seat
and back on a beech frame. In 1951, Arne Jacobsen went even further with his sculptural Ant
Chair with a one-piece plywood seat and back, bent in both directions. Collapsible chairs
dating from the 1930s include Kaare Klint's Safari Chair and propeller stools which were also
developed by Poul Kjærholm and Jørgen Gammelgaard.[7]
Danish furniture exports grew from just DKK 0.8 million in 1939 to DKK 6.8 million in 1944.[8]
The international market [ edit ]
Interest in Danish Modern in the United States began when Edgar Kaufmann, Jr. from the
Museum of Modern Art purchased some items for the Fallingwater home designed by Frank
Lloyd Wright.[9] This ultimately led to mass-production in the United States, too.[10] From the
beginning of the 1950s, American manufacturers obtained licenses for the mass production of
Danish designs while maintaining high standards of craftsmanship. Later, the designs were
altered to suit American tastes and American parts were introduced to reduce costs. When
Sears and Woolworth's entered the market, the Danes countered by producing new designs
based on new materials. One of Wegner's works was used by Richard Nixon and John F.
Kennedy in a 1960 televised debate and is now known simply as The Chair.[11]
A largely intact, and comprehensive, example are the buildings of St Catherine's College,
Oxford in England. Designed by Arne Jacobsen between 1960 and 1966, the buildings were
given the highest Grade I designated status by Historic England in 1993.[12] In addition to the
buildings themselves, Jacobsen designed almost all of the furniture, lighting, textiles and
metalwork used on the site.[13]
Furniture exports from Denmark rose from DKK 9.8 million in 1953 to DKK 257.8 million in
1964. This was aided in part by Denmark's decision to copy the British 30% devaluation in
September 1949, which brought down the price of Danish goods drastically for American
consumers.[14]
Decline in popularity [ edit ]
Sales peaked around 1963, but when American manufacturers introduced molded plastic and
wood-grained Formica as cheaper substitutes, they started to decline in favor of Mediterranean
designs which became popular in 1966.[9][15] In addition to changes in style preferences,
customers' shopping habits had changed to favor affordable and lower-cost furniture over a
single investment that would last their lifetime.[16]
A 1980 New York Times article observed that Danish modern "went out of style" in the United
States, due in part to counterculture, "which would have none of the earnest establishment
image of Scandinavian design", and the "new culture, for which only the shocking is chic".[17]
Many factories closed during this time and the Cabinetmakers' Guild Exhibition held its final
event in 1966 after too few cabinetmakers remained in Copenhagen to sustain it.[18]
Resurgence of interest [ edit ]
In the late 1990s, Danish modern, and the broader mid-century modern movement,
experienced a revival in international interest.[19]
While the mass-produced works of Wegner, Juhl and Jacobsen are still in demand, collectors
are increasingly turning to limited production items from these and the other designers. In the
United States, while prices have increased, they are still at reasonable levels compared to
similar items of new furniture. Licensed manufacturers have started reissuing key designs,
while others have used Danish Modern for inspiration.[20]
The Danish furniture industry today [ edit ]
Employing some 15,000 people each year, Denmark's 400 furniture companies produce goods
worth around DKK 13 billion (€1.75 billion). A highly productive sector, over 80% of the
furniture produced is sold abroad making furniture Denmark's fifth most-important export
industry. Most of the items produced are for the home, but many are designed for the
workplace. In addition to its classic designs, Danish designer furniture benefits from a new
generation of innovative players. As a result, Denmark has maintained its place as the world's
leading furniture producer in relation to the country's population.[21]
A number of firms continue to be active in producing both classic Danish Modern designs and
in introducing variants designed by a new generation of artists. They include Republic of Fritz
Hansen, Fredericia Furniture, Carl Hansen & Søn and Normann Copenhagen, all of whom
exhibited at the 2011 Salone Internazionale del Mobile in Milan.[22] Other significant producers
include PP Møbler, Kjærholm Production and One Collection, formerly known as Hansen &
Sørensen.[citation needed]
However, a large amount of Danish furniture is now produced outside of Denmark. Production
has been outsourced to aboard where costs are lower, mainly Baltic countries and eastern and
southern Europe. Republic of Fritz Hansen, for example, has moved their production to
Poland.[23] New types of Danish design companies have emerged with both national and
international appeal in recent years. Normann Copenhagen, HAY, Muuto, Kähler are among
new firms that carry Danish modern design principles forward.[23]
Innovative design work is also encouraged by the Wilhelm Hansen Foundation with the annual
Finn Juhl Prize which is awarded to designers, manufacturers or writers who have made a
special contribution to the field of furniture design, especially chairs.[24]
Main contributors [ edit ]
Kaare Klint (1888—1954)
As a result of the furniture school he founded at the Royal Academy in 1924, Klint had an
impact on Danish furniture, influencing designers such as Kjærholm and Mogensen. His
carefully researched designs are based on functionality, proportions in line with the human
body, craftsmanship and the use of high quality materials. Notable examples of his work
include the Propeller Stool (1927), the Safari Chair and the Deck Chair (both 1933), and the
Church Chair (1936).[25]
Table and chairs, Danish Design
Library at the Danish Design
Museum
Museum
Poul Henningsen (1894–1967)
Poul Henningsen, an architect, with a strong belief in the functionalist way of thinking, was an
important participant in the Danish Modern school, not for furniture but for lighting design. His
attempt to prevent the blinding glare from the electric lamp bulb succeeded in 1926 with a
three-shade lamp, known as the PH lamp. The curvature of the shades allowed his hanging
lamp to illuminate both the table and the rest of the room. He went on to design many similar
lamps, some with frosted glass, including desk lamps, chandeliers and wall-mounted fixtures.
Although he died in 1967, many of his designs continue to be popular.[26]
PH Lamp (1925) variation
PH desk lamp (1941)
with frosted glass
The PH Artichoke
The PH5 Lamp (1958)
Mogens Lassen (1901–1987)
In addition to his architectural work, Lassen was also a keen furniture designer. Influenced
both by Le Corbusier and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, he developed a unique approach to
Functionalism.[27] As a result of his fine craftsmanship and his search for simplicity, his steelbased furniture from the 1930s added a new dimension to the modernist movement. His later
designs in wood still form part of classical Danish Modern, especially his three-legged stool[28]
and folding Egyptian coffee table (1940) originally produced by A. J. Iversen.[29]
Arne Jacobsen (1902–1971)
Graduating from the Royal Academy in 1924, Jacobsen quickly demonstrated his mastery of
both architecture and furniture design. With the completion of his Royal Hotel in Copenhagen
and all its internal fittings and furniture in 1960, his talents became widely recognized,
especially as a result of the chairs called the Egg chair and the Swan, now international icons.
His stackable, three-legged Ant Chair (1952) with a one-piece plywood seat and back and its
four-legged counterpart, the Model 3107 chair (1955), were particularly popular with worldwide
sales in the millions.[30]
Wooden-legged
The Egg (1958)
The Swan (1958)
Grand Prix Chair
Chair (1952)
(1957)
The 7 Chair (1955)
Ole Wanscher (1903–1985)
Three-legged Ant
Inspired by Kaare Klint under whom he had studied, Wanscher later followed in his footsteps
as professor of the Royal Academy's furniture school. Particularly interested in 18th-century
English furniture and in early Egyptian furniture, one of his most successful pieces was his
delicately designed Egyptian Stool (1960) crafted from luxurious materials. Another successful
item was his Colonial Chair in Brazilian rosewood.[31] He was awarded the Grand Prix for
furniture at Milan's triennale in 1960.[32]
Finn Juhl (1912–1989)
Though he studied architecture at the Royal Academy, Juhl was a self-taught designer of
furniture. In the late 1930s, he created furniture for himself but from 1945 he became
recognized for his expressively sculptural designs, placing emphasis on form rather than
function, so breaking tradition with the Klint school. His successful interior design work at the
United Nations Headquarters in New York spread the notion of Danish Modern far and wide,
paving the way for the international participation of his Danish colleagues. Two key pieces of
furniture, in which the seat and backrest are separated from the wooden frame, are his 45Chair, with its elegant armrests, and his Chieftain Chair (1949).[33] Finn Juhl's home in
Charlottenlund, just north of Copenhagen, has been preserved as he left it with the furniture he
designed.
Finn Juhl furniture at the Danish Design
Poet Sofa in room at Copenhagen's Bella
Museum
Sky Hotel
Chair in Design Museum Danmark
Børge Mogensen (1914–1972)
After studying under Kaare Klint at the Copenhagen School of Arts and Crafts and at the Royal
Danish Academy of Fine Arts, Mogensen adopted Klint's approach to simple, functional
furniture design. Taking an almost scientific approach to an item's functionality, most of his
furniture is characterized by strong, simple lines and was designed for industrial production.
Notable items include his oak-framed Hunting Chair (1950) with a strong leather back and
seat, his light, open Spokeback Sofa (1945), and the low robust Spanish Chair (1959).[34]
Spanish Chair (1959)
Spokeback Sofa (1945)
Hans Wegner (1914–2007)
Best known as ‘the Master of the Chairs
,' Wegner created fascinating furniture with clean,
organic and aesthetic lines, balanced by a minimalist and composed aspect. He was a
modernist with emphasis on the practicality and elegance of each piece he crafted. He
believed the versatility and usability of his designs were as vital for him as the looks of them.
After graduating in architecture in 1938, he worked in Arne Jacobsen and Eric Møller's office
before establishing his own office in 1943. Striving for functionality as well as beauty, he
became the most prolific Danish designer, producing over 500 different chairs. His Round
Chair (technically Model 500) in 1949 was called "the world's most beautiful chair" before being
labelled simply "The Chair" after Nixon and Kennedy used it in a 1960 televised debate. His
Wishbone Chair, also 1949, with a Y-shaped back split and a curved back, was inspired by a
Chinese child's chair he had seen. A work of simplicity and comfort, it is still made today by the
Danish firm Carl Hansen & Son. Wegner's designs can now be found in several of the world's
top design museums including New York's Museum of Modern Art.[35][36]
The Wishbone Chair (1949)
Hans Wegner chair, Centre
Pompidou, Paris
The Round Chair (1949)
The Peacock Chair
Grete Jalk (1920–2006)
After training as a cabinetmaker, she studied at the Danish Design School in 1946, while
receiving additional instruction from Kaare Klint at the Royal Academy's Furniture School.
Inspired by Alvar Aalto's laminated bent-plywood furniture and Charles Eames' moulded
plywood designs, she began to develop her own boldly curved models in the 1950s. In 1963,
she won a Daily Mirror competition with her "He Chair" and "She Chair". With the help of
furniture manufacturer Poul Jeppesen, she went on to design simpler models with clear,
comfortable lines, which became popular both in Denmark and the United States thanks to
their competitive prices. Jalk also edited the Danish design magazine Mobilia and compiled an
authoritative four-volume work on Danish furniture.[37][38]
Grete Jalk: plywood GJ
Grete Jalk's GJ Table
Chair (1963)
(1963)
Verner Panton (1926–1998)
On graduating from the Royal Academy in 1951, Panton worked briefly with Arne Jacobsen.
During the 1960s, he designed furniture, lamps and textiles with an imaginative combination of
innovative materials, playful shapes and bold colours. Among his earliest designs were the
Bachelor Chair and Tivoli Chair (1955), both produced by Fritz Hansen, but he is remembered
above all for his Panton Chair (1960), the world's first one-piece moulded plastic chair.[39]
Sometimes referred to as a pop artist, unlike the majority of his colleagues, he continued to be
successful in the 1970s, not only with furniture but with interior designs including lighting.[40][41]
Heart Cone chairs (1959)
Panton Chair (1960)
Flowerpot Lamps (designed
1968)
Moon Lamp (designed
1967)
Poul Kjærholm (1929–1980)
In addition to an academic career at the School of Arts and Crafts and at the Institute of Design
at the Royal Academy, Kjærholm always took full account of the importance of place a piece of
furniture had in surrounding architectural space. Functionality took second place to his artistic
approach which was centred on elegantly clean lines and attention to detail. Unlike many of his
contemporaries, he worked essentially with steel, combining it with wood, leather, cane or
marble. Kjærhom developed a close understanding with the cabinetmaker E. Kold Christensen
who produced most of his designs. Today a wide selection of his furniture is produced by Fritz
Hansen. Kjærholm's work can be seen in New York's Museum of Modern Art and the Victoria
and Albert Museum in London.[42]
PK0 chair, designed 1952
but first produced 1997
Hammock Chair 25 (1965)
PK9 Chair (1960)
Kjærholm's chairs in the
Louisiana Museum
Jens Risom (1916–2016)
Often credited with having introduced Danish Modern design to America, Risom was a
graduate of Copenhagen School of Industrial Arts and Design. He emigrated to the United
States in 1939 to study American design, working first as a textile designer and later as a
freelance furniture designer. In 1941 he joined Hans Knoll at the Hans Knoll Furniture
Company, and together they toured the country promoting Risom's designs. A true minimalist,
Risom worked mainly in wood because it was cheap, and one of his most successful pieces,
Knoll Chair #654 (which is still being manufactured)[43] was made with a seat of nylon webbing
that had been discarded by the army.
Other contributors [ edit ]
Many other designers and cabinetmakers contributed to the Danish modern scene. Several
worked in partnerships, including:[44]
Tove and Edvard Kindt-Larsen (1901–1982), both students of Kaare Klint, working with
contrasting materials[45]
Peter Hvidt (1916–1986) and Orla Mølgaard-Nielsen (1907–1993), remembered for the Ax
Chair (1950) and the X Chair (1960)
Ejner Larsen (1917–1987) and Aksel Bender Madsen (1916–2000) working mainly with
teak and rosewood
Preben Fabricius (1931–1984) and Jørgen Kastholm (1938–2007), demonstrating
originality with their Horseshoe Chair (1962)
A number of cabinetmakers also developed skills in design. They include:
Jacob Kjær (1896–1957), famous for his FN Chair, who also produced the furniture he
designed
Frits Henningsen (c. 1900 – c. 1970), who designed models produced at his own workshop
in Copenhagen[46]
Several other individuals made important contributions:
Mogens Koch (1898–1992), remembered for his bookcases (1928) and folding chair (1932)
Jørgen Gammelgaard (1938–1991), known for his Tip-Top lamp series.
Rigmor Andersen (1903–1995), a versatile designer, maintaining the strict traditions of
Klint's furniture school.[47]
Peder Moos (1906–1991), designed and built individual pieces on request, with his own
special finish[48]
Kurt Østervig (1912–1986), trained in Odense, designed furniture for ships and cinemas as
well as for the home.[49]
Helge Vestergaard Jensen (1917–1987), who produced the Daybed (1955)
Hans Olsen (1919–1992), who experimented with materials and form, creating a number of
items in his own distinctive style.[50]
Nanna Ditzel (1923–2005), pioneering new materials and production techniques, also
working with textiles and jewelry
Poul Volther (1923–2001), remembered above all for his iconic Corona Chair.[51]
Arne Vodder (1926–2009), a close friend and partner of Finn Juhl, his furniture sold
particularly well in the United States.[52]
Bodil Kjær (born 1932), architect and interior designer who created a successful series of
office furniture in the 1960s.[53]
Bernt Petersen (born 1937), notable for his small, light stool (1959) with beautifully shaped
legs and for his seating in theatres and concert halls.[54]
A number of Danish textile designers worked closely with furniture designers to help shape the
look of Danish modernism, for example by creating textiles for cushions, sofas, and beds.
These include Lis Ahlmann and Vibeke Klint, among others.
In popular culture [ edit ]
The Cat Who Ate Danish Modern (1967): The second
novel of American writer Lilian Jackson Braun's The
Cat Who...
In The Brady Bunch Season 2, Episode 18 — in "Our
Son, the Man" the family house's den is referred to as
being Danish modern.
Danish Modern chairs at the
Danish Design Center in
Copenhagen
In House, M.D. Season 3, Episode 6 — in "Que Sera
Sera" House's interior design preferences (as well as his patient, George's) are called
Danish modern.
See also [ edit ]
A. Petersen
Danish design
Lunning Prize
Mid-century modern
Modern furniture
References [ edit ]
1. ^ "DANISH MODERN"
. DANISH MODERN. Retrieved 2024-06-13.
2. ^ Andrew Hollingsworth, Danish Modern, Gibbs Smith, p. 31.
3. ^ Hollingsworth, p. 1
4. ^ Carl Erik Andresen, Dansk møbelindustri 1870-1950, 1996, Århus: Systime, p. 84.
5. ^ Dybdahl 2018, p. 22.
6. ^ Lopes, Teresa da Silva; Duguid, Paul (2010-05-04). Trademarks, Brands, and
Competitiveness . Routledge. p. 87. ISBN 978-1-135-17733-1.
7. ^ "Exhibition"
, Danish-furniture.com. Retrieved 26 October 2011.
8. ^ Dybdahl 2018, p. 29.
9. ^ a b Kat DeLong, "Danish Modern Design For Today's Lifestyles" , Lifescript, 2 June 2008.
Retrieved 26 October 2011.
10. ^ Morten Mandel Refskou, "BogFeature: Da danske møbler blev moderne"
Archived
2011-11-
27 at the Wayback Machine, historie-online-dk. (in Danish) Retrieved 25 October 2011.
11. ^ "The history of Mid Century Modern Design"
Archived
2011-11-23 at the Wayback Machine,
Mid-Century Modern Online. Retrieved 25 October 2011.
12. ^ Historic England. "Landscape at St Catherine's College (Grade I) (1001388)"
. National
Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
13. ^ Mindel, Lee F. (28 February 2014). "Step Onto the Modernist Campus of St. Catherine's College
at Oxford University"
. Architectural Digest. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
14. ^ Dybdahl 2018, p. 32-33.
15. ^ Sandy McLendon, "The Modern Mama Had Scandinavian Modern" , Jetset. Retrieved 28
October 2011.
16. ^ Hansen, Per H. (2006). "Networks, Narratives, and New Markets: The Rise and Decline of
Danish Modern Furniture Design, 1930-1970" . The Business History Review. 80 (3): 481.
doi:10.2307/25097226 . ISSN 0007-6805
. JSTOR 25097226
.
17. ^ Huxtable, Ada Louise (21 August 1980). "Danish Design: From Its Famous Past to the Present;
The Melancholy Fate Of Danish Modern Style" . The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331
.
Retrieved 2020-10-03.
18. ^ Holmsted Olesen, Christian (2006). Hans J. Wegner . Louisiana (museum) (Klubudgave ed.).
[Humlebæk]: Louisiana. p. 84. ISBN 87-11-23067-3. OCLC 474849564 .
19. ^ Kurutz, Steven (2016-09-30). "Why Won't Midcentury Design Die? (Published 2016)"
New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331
. The
. Retrieved 2020-10-16.
20. ^ Hollingsworth, p. 10
21. ^ "Danish furniture industry in short"
, Møbel+Interiør brancheforening. Retrieved 28 October
2011.
22. ^ Jeppe Villadsen, "Hatched from The Egg"
Archived
2011-05-02 at the Wayback Machine,
Denmark.dk. Retrieved 28 October 2011.
23. ^ a b Dybdahl 2018, p. 353.
24. ^ "Ditte Hammerstrøm modtog Finn Juhl Arkitekturpris 2011"
, Ordrupgaard, 3 May 2011. (in
Danish) Retrieved 28 October 2011.
25. ^ "Kaare Klint"
, Danish-furniture.com. Retrieved 24 October 2011.
26. ^ "Poul Henningsen"
Archived
2006-08-13 at the Wayback Machine, Danish-furniture.com.
Retrieved 24 October 2011.
27. ^ "Mogens Lassen" , By Lassen. (in Danish) Retrieved 29 October 2011.
28. ^ "Mogens Lassen" , galerie møbler. (in French) Retrieved 29 October 2011.
29. ^ Hollingsworth, p. 64
30. ^ "Arne Jacobsen"
Archived
2019-02-28 at the Wayback Machine, Danish-furniture.com.
Retrieved 24 October 2011.
31. ^ "Ole Wanscher" , Danish-furniture.com. Retrieved 24 October 2011.
32. ^ Ida Haugsted, "Ole Wanscher"
, Kunstindeks Danmark & Weilbachs kunstnerleksikon. (in
Danish) Retrieved 27 October 2011.
33. ^ "Finn Juhl" , Danish-furniture.com. Retrieved 24 October 2011.
34. ^ "Børge Mogensen" , Danish-furniture.com. Retrieved 24 October 2011.
35. ^ "Hans Wegner"
, Danish-furniture.com. Retrieved 24 October 2011.
36. ^ David Colman, "Obituary: Hans Wegner, groundbreaking designer of Danish Modern
furniture" , New York Times, 6 February 2007. Retrieved 27 October 2011.
37. ^ Søren Sass, "Grete Jalk (1920 - 2006)"
, Dansk Kvindebiografisk Leksikon. (in Danish)
Retrieved 8 November 2011.
38. ^ Signe Brogaard, "Grete Jalk" , Bo Bedre. (in Danish) Retrieved 8 November 2011.
39. ^ "Verner Panton"
Archived
2013-06-06 at the Wayback Machine, Danish-furniture.com.
Retrieved 29 October 2011.
40. ^ "Biography"
, Verner Panton, ëra. Retrieved 29 October 2011.
41. ^ Hollingsworth, p. 58
[permanent dead link]
42. ^ "Poul Kjærholm"
, Danish-furniture.com. Retrieved 24 October 2011.
43. ^ "1994 Reintroducing the 666 and 654 Chairs" . Knoll. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
44. ^ "Others"
Archived
2012-01-12 at the Wayback Machine, Danish-furniture.com. Retrieved 10
November 2011.
45. ^ "Edvard Lindt-Larsen"
Archived
2011-06-12 at the Wayback Machine, Georg Jensen. (in
Danish) Retrieved 11 November 2011.
46. ^ "Frits Henningsen"
Archived
2016-04-02 at the Wayback Machine, Denmark 50. Retrieved
10 November 2011.
47. ^ Søren Sass, "Rigmor Andersen (1903 - 1995)" , Dansk Kvindebiografisk Leksikon. (in Danish)
Retrieved 16 November 2011.
48. ^ "Peder Moos"
Archived
2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine, Antik&Auktion. Retrieved 10
November 2011
49. ^ "Kurt Østervig" , Gravsted.dk. (in Danish) Retrieved 17 November 2011.
50. ^ Bo Godt, "Klassisk, dansk møbelarkitektur" , Bolikultur.dk. (in Danish) Retrieved 16 November
2011.
51. ^ "Poul Volther"
, Gravsted.dk. (in Danish) Retrieved 16 November 2011.
52. ^ "Arne Vodders tidløse klassikere"
2011.
, Rum, 4 April 2010. (in Danish) Retrieved 16 November
53. ^ Edith Rasmussen, "Når fortiden banker på" [permanent dead link], Livsstil.guide.dk, 24 March
2008. (in Danish) Retrieved 19 November 2011.
54. ^ "Bernt"
, Den Store Danske. (in Danish) Retrieved 10 November 2011.
Literature [ edit ]
Andresen. Carl Erik: Dansk møbelindustri 1870–1950, 1996, Århus: Systime, 157
p. ISBN 87-616-1265-0 (in Danish)
Dybdahl, Lars (2018). Furniture boom : mid-century modern Danish furniture 1945-75
Copenhagen. ISBN 978-87-93604-12-4. OCLC 1057784424
.
.
Greenberg, Cara: Mid-century modern furniture of the 1950s, 1984 (reprinted 2000),
London: Thames & Hudson, 176 p. ISBN 0-500-27859-8
Hansen, Per H: Da danske møbler blev moderne: historien om dansk møbeldesigns
storhedstid, 2006, Odense, Syddansk Universitetsforlag, 644 pp. ISBN 87-11-23196-3. (in
Danish)
Hansen, Per H.; Petersen, Klaus: Moderne dansk møbeldesign: tendenser, hammerslag og
historie, 2007, Copenhagen, Gyldendal, 329 p. ISBN 87-02-06161-9 (in Danish)
Hollingsworth, Andrew: Danish Modern, 2008, Salt Lake City: Gibbs Smith, 240
p. ISBN 978-1-58685-811-7
Jalk, Grete: Dansk møbelkunst gennem 40 år - 40 years of Danish furniture design, 1987,
Tåstrup: Teknologisk Instituts Forlag, 4 volumes: ISBN 87-7511-711-8, ISBN 87-7511-7126, ISBN 87-7511-713-4 and ISBN 87-7511-714-2.
Karlsen, Arne: Danish furniture design in the 20th century, 2007, Copenhagen: Christian
Ejlers, two volumes: 328 p. & 223 p. ISBN 87-7241-677-7
Wanscher, Ole (translated by David Hohnen): The art of furniture: 5000 years of furniture
and interiors, 1968, London, Allen & Unwin, 419 p.
Solaguren-Beascoa de Corral, Félix
: "Jacobsen. Objects and Furniture Design", 2010,
Barcelona, Ed. Poligrafa, 127 pages. ISBN 978-84-343-1183-1 / 978-84-343-11834-8
External links [ edit ]
Danish Modern Furniture inside a 1940's Mid Century Modern Residence in Pasadena by
architect James V. Coane & Associates
Archived
2017-08-03 at the Wayback Machine
Danish Design Museum Database
Danish Modern Furniture, Decorative Objects, and Art
v·t·e
Danish Modern
Kaare Klint · Kaj Gottlob · Finn Juhl · Mogens Koch · Arne Jacobsen
Designers
· Hans Wegner · Poul Henningsen · Børge Mogensen ·
Ole Wanscher · Poul Kjærholm · Flemming Lassen ·
Mogens Lassen · Grete Jalk · Arne Vodder · Verner Panton ·
[hide]
Jens Risom
Manufacturers
Institutions
Carl Hansen & Søn · FDB Møbler · Fritz Hansen · Getama ·
Johannes Hansen · Le Klint · Louis Poulsen · Rud. Rasmussen
Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts ·
Copenhagen Cabinetmakers' Guild Exhibition ·
Designmuseum Denmark · A. Petersen
Categories: Danish modern
Danish furniture
Danish design
History of furniture
Modernism
20th century in Denmark
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