Ryan McLeod
List at least 4 differences between classical and operant conditioning
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Classical conditioning involves learning through associations between stimuli, while
operant conditioning involves learning through the consequences of behavior.
Classical conditioning focuses on involuntary, reflexive responses, whereas operant
conditioning focuses on voluntary, goal-directed behaviors.
Classical conditioning relies on the pairing of an unconditioned stimulus and a
conditioned stimulus to produce a conditioned response, while operant conditioning
emphasizes reinforcement and punishment to modify behavior.
Classical conditioning highlights the role of the environment in learning, while operant
conditioning emphasizes the role of consequences in shaping behavior.
Classical conditioning is often applied to emotional and physiological responses, while
operant conditioning is applicable to a wide range of behaviors and skills.
In classical conditioning, the response occurs before the stimulus, while in operant
conditioning, the response occurs after the stimulus.
Classical conditioning is primarily concerned with eliciting automatic, instinctual
responses, while operant conditioning focuses on shaping and modifying voluntary
behaviors.
What is Contiguity Theory?
- A. A person continues to learn until the knowledge is obtained
- B. Using existing knowledge to learn new knowledge
- C. A stimulus will trigger corresponding existing knowledge in certain scenarios
- D. Continue to use the same style of teaching during the learning design
Write a paragraph on what is Contiguity Theory?
Contiguity Theory, proposed by Edwin Guthrie, is a learning concept that emphasizes the
connection formed between stimuli and responses that occur close together in time. The theory
suggests that learning happens when a behavior and a stimulus coincide or follow one another in
quick succession, leading to an immediate association. Guthrie believed that repetition is not
necessary for learning but can help reinforce the connection between the stimulus and response.
This concept highlights the importance of timing in forming associations, as learning is believed
to happen instantly if the response occurs right after the stimulus. Unlike reinforcement-based
theories, Contiguity Theory posits that repeated rewards are not essential for learning what truly
matters is the temporal proximity of the events.