LARIOSA, CHARY ANGELU
BSN 4J
2ND MODULE
Please process using the COMPLETE MEDELIAN SYSTEM and send it to my Gmail
for checking.
l. The Presentation of the Materials
A. The TEXT:
" Ethics may be defined as to its Classical concept and its Contemporary perspective. The
Classical concept views Ethics as the PRACTICAL SCIENCE OF THE MORALITY OF
HUMAN ACTS, THAT IS TO SAY OF THE HUMAN CONDUCT. This definition is from the
Ethics Book of Rev. Fr. Paul Glenn, SJ. As for its Contemporary understanding and its
applications, the term used is contemporary ETHICS, defined as THE PHILOSOPHICAL
REFLECTION ON CREATIVE RESPONSIBILITY.
Analysis: First is as to its Classical definition, it makes Human Acts as to their morality as its
main object of study. Human acts have to be properly clarified because they might be equated
with Acts of Man which are their opposites. Human acts are characterized by knowledge,
freedom of choice, and voluntariness; while acts of man act those acts done without knowledge,
without freedom, and without voluntariness. If the agent acts with knowledge, freedom, and
voluntariness, then he/she becomes responsible for such an act and thereby accountable for the
consequences.
Morality of such an act refers to the goodness that drives a person to perform such an act and the
opposite of it is the evilness that results from doing such a bad act, and therefore, immoral. Man
is basically in nature good because one does not have to be a Christian in order to act morally.
Aristotle, a pagan prominent philosopher wrote beautifully on Ethics in honor of his son, named
Nichomachus. St, Thomas Christianized this Aristotelian Ethics. "
- A MEDELIAN TEXT
B. Title: Philosophical Reflection on Creative Responsibility and the Morality of
Human Acts
C. Topic:PRACTICAL SCIENCE OF THE MORALITY OF HUMAN ACT
D. Goal: To explore and understand the classical and contemporary definitions of ethics,
focusing on human acts, their morality, and the responsibility of individuals in their
actions.
E. Task: To analyze the classical and contemporary perspectives on ethics, clarify the
difference between human acts and acts of man, and reflect on the moral implications
of human actions.
LARIOSA, CHARY ANGELU
BSN 4J
ll. OBSERVATION PROCESS
A. Empirically
1. Human acts can be defined as those performed with knowledge, freedom of choice, and
voluntariness. Therefore, morality of an act depends on the agent's understanding and
choice.
2. These are acts that lack knowledge, freedom, or voluntariness. The morality of these acts
is not assessed in the same way as human acts.
3. A person becomes accountable for an act if it is done with full knowledge, freedom, and
voluntariness. It connects with the consequences that result from the action.
4. The morality of an act can be evaluated based on whether the act is good or evil. This
highlights the importance of intention in ethical judgment.
5. Aristotle's ethical ideas, especially his concept of virtue, played a foundational role in
shaping Christian moral philosophy, where St. Thomas Aquinas integrated these ideas
with Christian theology.
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B. Interpretively
The classical definition of ethics focuses on the "science" of human morality, looking at
human actions' goodness or badness. Contemporary ethics, however, emphasizes
philosophical reflection on the individual's creative responsibility in moral choices. The
shift here is from a prescriptive approach to a more reflective and responsible one.
The emphasis on creative responsibility suggests that each individual has the capacity to
reflect on their actions and make moral decisions. This makes ethics less about adhering
to rules and more about developing moral character and decision-making ability.
The classical view, based on Aristotle's ethics, suggests that humans are inherently good
and that morality is something that aligns with human nature. In contrast, contemporary
views may argue that moral choices are more complex and subject to greater personal
reflection and societal influences.
The importance of knowledge in human acts points to the idea that morality requires an
awareness of what is good or bad. Without knowledge, actions may lack moral weight,
leading to different consequences in terms of responsibility.
The integration of Aristotle's virtue ethics into Christian philosophy by St. Thomas
Aquinas suggests that moral development is not just about following rules but cultivating
virtues that lead to good actions and moral reasoning.
lll. Objective: by the end of this activity, we are expected to understand the classical and
contemporary definitions of ethics, focusing on human acts, their morality, and the
responsibility of individuals in their actions and to clarify the difference between human acts
and acts of man, and reflect on the moral implications of human actions.
IV. Critical/Textual Analysis
Ethics serves as a bridge between moral philosophy and real-world application. The classical
approach focuses on moral absolutes, while contemporary ethics allows for personal
interpretation. Both perspectives portray the necessity of human responsibility in moral decision-
LARIOSA, CHARY ANGELU
BSN 4J
making. Understanding these dimensions enables individuals to make informed and ethical
choices in their personal and professional lives.
V. Show of relevance
Ethics is essential in nursing as it provides the foundation for compassionate and moral
patient care. Nurses encounter ethical dilemmas daily, from patient autonomy to end-of-life
decisions. Applying ethical principles ensures that nurses maintain integrity, provide fair
treatment, and advocate for patient rights, enhancing the quality of healthcare services.
VI. Valuation: the integration of values
Augustinian values, at least 5.
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Caritas (Charity) – Serving others with love and compassion.
Unitas (Unity) – Fostering teamwork and collaboration in patient care.
Veritas (Truth) – Upholding honesty and integrity in nursing practice.
Humilitas (Humility) – Remaining humble and open to lifelong learning.
Justitia (Justice) – Advocating for fairness and equity in healthcare.
Typical cultural Filipino values in Filipino terms.
Pakikipagkapwa-tao – Compassion and empathy toward others.
Bayanihan – Teamwork and communal support.
Paggalang – Respect for patients, colleagues, and superiors.
Malasakit – Genuine care and concern for patients' well-being.
● Damdamin – Sensitivity to others' feelings, leading to ethical awareness and
moral actions.
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