Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Lesson 2: Social, Mobile, and Assistive Media Contents Engage Introduction Objectives 1 1 2 Explore 3 Explain and Elaborate Social Media Types of Social Media Mobile Media Assistive Media Types of Assistive Media 5 5 6 12 15 16 Extend Activity 1 Activity 2 18 18 21 Evaluate 22 Wrap Up 26 Photo Credits 28 Bibliography 29 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Engage Introduction Fig. 1. 3D model printouts of popular social media sites. Have you watched the latest video of Taylor Swift? Do you love Veronica’s photo displaying her outfit of the day (OOTD)? What can you say about Jeremy’s Facebook profile pic? These are some of the questions that we often read in conversations in websites that are commonly used for socialization. We also have our fair share of entertainment by watching funny videos uploaded and compiled on video-sharing sites. As a student, how do you benefit from using websites like Facebook and YouTube? Has it ever occurred to you how a person with a disability enjoys using mobile devices like smartphones or tablets? How does a blind person use websites that offer chat features? If you were given a task to develop a device that will help people with hearing impairment to use chat applications, what can you suggest? This lesson will help you realize the answers to the questions given earlier. 1 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Objectives In this lesson, you should be able to do the following: ● Define social media. ● Differentiate the types of social media from one another. ● Describe the technologies included in mobile media. ● Appreciate assistive media as aid for persons with disabilities. DepEd Competency Compare and contrast the nuances of varied online platforms, sites, and content to best achieve specific class objectives or address situational challenges. (CS_ICT11/12-ICTPT-Ia-b-1) 2 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Explore 5 minutes Word Hunt The class will be divided into groups that consist of five members each. Your task is to search for websites that you are familiar with using the 10 x 10 box displayed below. There are more than ten websites in the box that are placed either horizontally or vertically. Find as many as you can and prepare to share your answers with the class. S L F A C E B O O K N I N T E R E S T Y A N S T A G R A M O P K A W B E E R V U C E J I F G D W I T H D X T P A D F M U A I W T S Y I T E B T N Y E L P T Y O E Q U O R A U D I G G T U M B L R S E A R Guide Questions 3 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology 1. Which of the websites you found is most common to you? How do you use it? 2. After the teacher revealed all the websites that are hidden inside the box, which websites did you miss? What do you think is the purpose of those websites? 3. Which electronic device do you usually use to navigate the websites that you have listed in the activity? 4 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Explain and Elaborate Social Media The introduction of mobile technology such as smartphones, tablets, laptop computers, and notebook computers, as well as the rapid development of wireless technology, has led to the development of newer, more productive, and more efficient ways of communication. We can see people from different walks of life glued to their smartphones, communicating with their friends and families, learning new things, updating themselves with the current issues and trends, and participating in discussions about today’s hot topics. In the early 2000s, lots of Filipinos became a fan of a social media site called Friendster. It was the initial introduction of social media to the Filipino community. Users enjoyed using it almost everyday because it enabled them to share their profiles and communicate with their virtual friends in real time. Social media is the term used to describe websites or applications that give people the capability to exchange messages as well as share and receive information and media contents with one another using their social media account linked to a social network. Fig. 2. The logo of Friendster, a social media website popular in the early 2000s. 5 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Types of Social Media Social media comes in different forms and shapes depending on the purpose that it serves. Social media sites and applications can be used for communicating information, interacting with other users, and sharing multimedia content like pictures and videos. The building of “virtual communities” points to one type of social media that enables members to share information and discuss issues and topics that concern them. Fig. 3. People holding logos of different social media platforms. Social Networking Sites Social networking sites, shortened as SNS, are the most popular type of social media due to their capability to provide users with a real-time conversation via text messages, audio, or video chat. The continuous developments made to social networking sites and their counterpart applications also allow individuals and organizations to share multimedia elements like photographs and videos to their preferred audiences in the network. Social networking sites also paved the way for the formation of “virtual communities” that enable 6 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology people from around the world to form channels for information exchanges. Famous examples of social networking sites include F acebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn. Fig. 4. Logos of popular social media sites such as Twitter, Facebook, Snapchat, and Skype. What social networking site applications do you have on your smartphone? How do you use each one of them? Media-Sharing Sites Media-sharing sites can be classified as the type of social media for individuals and organizations whose primary purpose is to share multimedia contents like photographs, audio files, or videos. It encourages people to upload their creations on the network for other people to appreciate and use. Once a user uploaded a photo or video on media 7 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology sharing sites, other users are allowed to access, rate, and give comments on it based on their evaluation of the media content. Media sharing sites not only serve as an avenue for exhibiting multimedia content but also serve as a storage facility using cloud technology, making shared media accessible for viewing and downloading anywhere and anytime. YouTube, Vimeo, and Instagram are just some of the websites and applications that belong to this category. Fig. 5. YouTube and Instagram are ranked as two of the most popular media sharing sites . As a student, how do you benefit from using media sharing sites? Discussion Sites Discussion sites are social media websites designed for individuals who are avid fans of forums and debates. Discussion sites like Reddit and Quora facilitate the active exchange of views, comments, and opinions on issues and matters discussed among its participants. In this type of social media, users who share the same interest or expertise participate in a constructive, though sometimes heated, information exchange to clarify the understanding of a particular issue or topic. This social media type also serves as an avenue for people to get answers to their questions about a specific subject, and the members of the discussion site who have expertise or credibility concerning the matter at hand will provide information, solutions, or advice. 8 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Fig. 6. A screenshot of Reddit Bookmarking and Content Curation Sites Bookmarking and content curation sites are social media platforms for people who are searching for information or ideas that will help them on a project they are working on. These types of websites aid users in discovering, sharing, and discussing the latest trends of media. Pinterest, StumbleUpon, and Digg are top examples of bookmarking and curation sites. 9 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Fig. 7. A screenshot of Pinterest Blogging and Publishing Network Sites Blogging and publishing network sites are websites designed for people who dream of publishing their ideas or creations online. These types of websites provide users with the tools that will help them to publish their content in a creative and engaging manner. It builds a link between the content creator and the target audience, enabling both parties to exchange their views and opinions regarding the displayed material. WordPress, Wix, Tumblr, and Medium are among the popular choices for this type of social media. 10 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Fig. 8. WordPress dashboard Consumer Review Networks Consumer review networks are social media sites for people who want to provide and share information about different products. It builds a connection between individuals who have used or availed the products and customers who are interested in purchasing. The comments, reviews, or ratings posted on the websites by consumers can help future customers to decide if they are going to avail of the same products. Yelp and Glassdoor are among the famous examples of consumer review networks. 11 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Fig. 9. Yelp screen When shopping online, how do you assess a product review? What are the factors you’re considering for a valid review and product? Mobile Media Continued advances in technology have brought about the existence of small but compelling devices like smartphones, tablets, game consoles, e-readers, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), and laptop computers. Mobile media refers to communication devices that are characterized by portability or their ability to be moved or carried easily. The continuous research and innovations in mobile media technology introduced devices that are either handheld or pocket-sized but equipped with the capacity to capture and share high quality multimedia content produced at lightning speeds. Cellular phones, for example, have shrunk from the size of 1973’s Motorola DynaTAC 8000x, with a staggering weight of two kilograms, to that of 2019’s iPhone 11 Pro, which only weighs 188 grams. 12 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Fig. 10. Evolution of cellphones Mobile devices can often connect with the Internet, which allows individuals to carry out their work anywhere and anytime without being confined to their workstations or office desks. This situation gave birth to work from home jobs like virtual assistants, medical transcriptionists, writers, graphic designers, customer support specialists, and many more. Fig. 11. Working from home allows more time for the family. 13 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Students like you can also benefit from using mobile media in performing your research tasks and class assignments using your smartphones and laptop computers. Other activities using mobile media include accessing social media accounts, playing games, watching movies, and listening to music. Fig. 12. Students researching using their smartphones Many business activities are also performed more conveniently with the use of mobile media. Using just the smartphone, an individual can pay for bills, shop online, and conduct mobile banking. Due to the prevalence of mobile media users, companies have taken advantage by placing their advertisements on internet-enabled mobile devices as a way of encouraging customers to avail of their products. 14 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Fig. 13. A woman making an online purchase using a smartphone. What mobile devices do you have at home? Cite situations or experiences that can show how you benefit from using these mobile media devices. Assistive Media People from all walks of life must enjoy the comforts and advantages brought by technology. These technological advancements should also be experienced by people with disabilities. A person with disability (PWD) is an individual with existing mental or physical impairment. Due to their condition, they experience some limitations or face particular difficulties in the accomplishment of specific tasks. Assistive media are electronic devices or programs that seek to reach out to people with disabilities by providing the support that will increase or improve their functional capabilities through the use of technology. 15 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Fig. 14. A student with disability using an Assistive Media Types of Assistive Media Assistive media are categorized depending on the disability or difficulty that they address. These help people with disabilities to perform other things that are beyond their capabilities, like moving from one place to another for people with movement disability, hearing sounds for people with hearing disability, or even catching up with lessons for students with learning disability. Assistive Media for the Visually Impaired This refers to electronic devices that enable blind or visually impaired individuals to read books and signages, access smartphones and computers, and use wayfinding. It includes text-to-speech devices, reading pens, braille displays, magnifiers, and talking devices. Assistive Media for People with Hearing Impairments This is the type of assistive media for people who are deaf or who experience difficulty in hearing. The assistance is through sound amplification, conversion of sounds into visual cues, and conversion of sounds into sensory signals like vibrations. The assistive media for 16 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology hearing impaired individuals includes hearing aids, amplified telephones, devices with vibrating alarms, speech-to-text devices, and captioning devices. Assistive Media for People with Speech Difficulty This refers to electronic devices used to aid people who are mute or who experience difficulty in speaking. These devices enable users to communicate with other people or express their thoughts using a system that converts visual cues to audible speech. Included in this category are speech-generating devices, voice amplification devices, stuttering aids, artificial larynx, and communication boards. Assistive Media for People with Learning Difficulty It refers to assistive technology used to help individuals who experience difficulty in learning and comprehension. These electronic devices or software act as instructional supports for learners to understand their lessons according to their pace or abilities. Memory aids, specialized applications, audiobooks, activity-driven devices, and text-to-speech devices are just a few of the technologies included in this category. Why is it important for us to develop technology that will help persons with disabilities? 17 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Extend Activity 1 In this activity, your task is to identify the type of social media needed by the character in the given situations. You may include more than one type of social media, depending on how you evaluate the situation. You are also required to provide a short statement (1-2 sentences) explaining your answer. Situation A An Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) named Ricardo wishes to get in touch with his former high school classmates from Batangas National High School. He wants to set up an alumni homecoming for their batch so that they can meet each other again after ten years. What type of social media does Ricardo need to employ in this situation? Situation B Irene owns one of the biggest bakeries in Quezon City. For her establishment to be more competitive against other bakeries, she decided to expand her business by offering different types of bread and pastries. Irene wants to learn how to bake other pastry products by watching video tutorials made by famous pastry chefs. She also thinks that she can get ideas from other successful bakery owners who share their tips and tricks online. What type of social media does Irene need in this situation? 18 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Situation C Allysa is a travel fanatic and an advocate of the protection of bodies of water in the Philippines. She enjoys keeping a record of her travels by taking pictures and videos of the places that she visited. Aside from enjoying the experience, she also learns a lot about the importance of maintaining the cleanliness of rivers and beaches. She wants to share her stories, pictures, and videos through social media to help people see the beauty of nature and make them realize the need to protect it. What type of social media is needed by Allysa to accomplish her aim? Situation D A newly hired public school teacher named Leah wants to improve her teaching methods by seeking advice from her co-teachers in her institution. She believes that their years of experience in teaching can help her develop techniques that will make her a better teacher for her class. A friend suggested that she can get more information from the Internet by joining groups or communities that regularly discuss teaching methods. What type of social media does her friend suggest? 19 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Situation E Raymart wants to buy a new laptop computer for his work as a programmer in Makati City. He wants to know what brand or model of laptop is best for his purchase. Raymart needs a website that can offer him information about the products as well as how satisfied customers are after purchasing the product. What type of social media can you suggest to Raymart? G uide There are six types of social media that you can choose from in this activity, namely: Social Networking Sites, Media Sharing Sites, Discussion Sites, Bookmarking and Content Curation Sites, Blogging and Publishing Network Sites, and Consumer Review Networks. Each situation from A to E requires at least one social media type to accomplish a particular task. Recalling the kind of users of each social media type or their purpose in accessing them will help you provide the correct answers in this activity. 20 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Activity 2 The teacher will divide the class into groups of eight students per team. The task is to come up with a sketch drawing and a short description of an electronic device that they want to develop to assist with a specific type of impairment. The class has 10 minutes for a brainstorming session and 5 minutes for each group for the presentation. G uide To perform this activity more efficiently, determine first the type of impairment that you want to address, and then familiarize yourself with the limitations or difficulties of persons who have this disability experience. The more you know about their challenges, the better the idea you can come up with. 21 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Evaluate A. Answer the following completely in your own words. 1. What is assistive media? 2. What is mobile media? 3. What is social media? 22 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology 4. Complete the table below by giving at least one example of each type of social media. Types of Social Media Example Social Networking Site Media Sharing Site Discussion Site Bookmarking and Content Curation Site Blogging and Publishing Network Site Consumer Review Networks 5. How can the different kinds of media (social, mobile, and assistive) help you in your daily life? 23 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology B. Answer the following comprehensively. 1. Why do you think we must develop electronic devices or programs that will assist persons with disabilities in accomplishing their tasks? 2. As a student, do you agree with prohibiting students from accessing their social networking accounts while in school? Justify your answer. 3. Is it advantageous or disadvantageous for students to bring their smartphones or tablets to school? Explain your answer. 24 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology 4. With the current trend of social media, what do you think will be the impact of further advancement in the future? Predict the possible positive and negative effects of social media advancements. 5. Despite the advancement of technology, there are still places without access to the different kinds of media in the provincial areas. Think of a strategy or solution so that technology will reach more people. Explain your solution. 25 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Wrap Up ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ● Social media is the term used to describe websites or applications that give people the capability to exchange messages, and to share information and media content with one another using their social media account connected to a social network. There are six types of social media: ● Social Networking Sites These are social media sites used for communication, where users can communicate via text chat, phone call, or video call. ● Media Sharing Site This is a social media site used for sharing multimedia contents like photos, images, audio, and videos. ● Discussion Site This is a social media site used to facilitate the active exchange of views, comments, and opinions on issues and matters discussed among its participants of the same interest or expertise. ● Bookmarking and Content Curation Sites This refers to social media sites that aid users in discovering, sharing, and discussing the latest and trending content and media. ● Blogging and Publishing Network Sites This refers to social media sites that provide its users with the tools that will help them to publish their content in a creative and engaging manner. ● Consumer Review Network This is a social media site that provides a way for users to inform other people or organizations about their views regarding a particular product or service. 26 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology ● Mobile media refers to electronic devices that are characterized by their portability or their ability to be carried or transported easily. Despite their small size, mobile media are packed with internet connectivity and powerful features. S martphones, tablets, game consoles, e-readers, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), and laptop computers are just some of the popular mobile media devices. ● Assistive media are electronic devices or programs that aim to provide support for people with disabilities. It generally seeks to increase or improve the functional capability of individuals who face mental or physical challenges. 27 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Photo Credits Pile of 3d popular social media logos by Natanael Ginting is licensed under Freepik license via F reepik. People holding icons of digital brands by rawpixel.com is licensed under Freepik license via Freepik. Vivid social networking icons blocks besides hashtag text by freepik.com is licensed under Freepik license via F reepik. hand holding samsung s8 with mobile application for instagram on the screen by jannoon028 is licensed under F reepik license via F reepik. Male sitting and watching at laptop by freepik.com is licensed under Freepik license via Freepik. Crop student with phone at table by freepik.com is licensed under Freepik license via Freepik. Pay for goods by credit card through a smartphone in a coffee shop by freepik.com is licensed under j comp via F reepik. A screenshot of Reddit before modifying it for ds106 by Nancy Belle is licensed under flickr via f lickr. A screenshot of Pinterest by S teve Garfield is licensed under f lickr via f lickr. WordPress Startup Screen by J ohn David is licensed under f lickr via f lickr. 28 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Yelp Screen by D K is licensed under f lickr via f lickr. Evolution of Cellular Phones by TinaMariposa12 is licensed under flickr via f lickr. Work from Home by T askenator LTD is licensed under f lickr via f lickr. Assistive Technology by Chetu Inc, IT Outsourcing Services and Solutions is licensed under flickr via flickr. Bibliography Foreman, Curtis. “10 Types of Social Media and How Each Can Benefit Your Business.” Hootsuite. https://blog.hootsuite.com/types-of-social-media/ (accessed January 4, 2020). Hudson, Matthew. “What is Social Media.” thebalancesmallbusiness. https://www.thebalancesmb.com/what-is-social-media-2890301 (accessed January 4, 2020). Kakkar, Garima. “What are the Different Types of Social Media?” DigitalVidya. https://www.digitalvidya.com/blog/types-of-social-media/ (accessed January 4, 2020). Livingston, Geoff. “Five Forms of Mobile Media”. Geoff Livingston Photography. https://geofflivingston.com/2011/04/14/five-forms-of-mobile-media/ (accessed January 4, 2020). Morin, Amanda. “8 Examples of Assistive Technology Tools and Adaptive Tools.” Understood. https://www.understood.org/en/school-learning/assistive-technology/assistive-techn ologies-basics/8-examples-of-assistive-technology-adaptive-tools (accessed January 4, 2020). 29 Unit 1: Introduction to Information and Communications Technology Neese, Brian. “15 Assistive Technology Tools & Resources For Students With Disabilities.” teachthought. https://www.teachthought.com/technology/15-assistive-technology-tools-resources-f or-students-with-disabilities/ (accessed January 4, 2020). Scott, Sherrie. “Mobile Media Advertising Examples.” Chron. https://smallbusiness.chron.com/mobile-media-advertising-examples-10484.html (accessed January 4, 2020). Wei, Ran. “Mobile Media and Communication.” SAGE Journals. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2050157912459494 (accessed January 4, 2020). 30
