and Assessment
Explain the essence of OBE and OBTL;
Compare Understanding by Design, OBE
and OBTL; and
Explain the meaning of constructive
alignment
in
the
instructional cycle.
context
of
the
It is education based
on
outcome.
This
outcome may refer to
immediate outcome or
deferred outcome.
Transformational OBE is concerned with longterm, cross-curricular outcomes that are related
directly to students’ future life roles.
In transformational OBE, learning is not significant
unless the outcomes reflect the complexities of
real life and give prominence to the life roles that
learners will face after formal education.
Biggs and tang 2007 make use of the term
Outcome-Based Teaching-Learning (OBTL) which
in essence is OBE applied in teaching-learning
process.
In
Biggs’
statements
and
of
Tang’s
what
we
OBTL,
expect
outcomes
are
students
to
demonstrate after they are taught (learning
outcomes).
Intended learning outcomes (ILOs)
Teaching and learning activities (TLAs)
Assessment tasks (ATs)
Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)
Knowledge / skills / attitude
which
are
developed.
expected
to
be
Teaching and learning activities (TLAs)
Learning activities which are designed
to support the students’ development of
the corresponding ILO(s).
Assessment tasks (ATs)
Assessment tasks / activities which are
designed to measure how successful the
students have developed the ILO(s) and
evidence of their achievement of the
ILO(s) can be provided.
This is Biggs’ term of “designing down” as
given by Spady.
It is
a
process
environment
that
of
creating
supports
a
learning
the
learning
activities that lead to the achievement of the
desired learning outcomes.
In
the
constructive
that
context
of
alignment
assessment,
also
means
the assessment tasks, and the
specific criteria as based of judgment of
students’ performance are aligned to the
intended learning outcomes.
Wiggins and McTighe (1998)
UbD
is
OBE
and
OBTL
in
principle and in practice. UbD
operates on the same principles
that OBE and OBTL operate on.
Why is it that we must determine
the assessment task/s first before
we plan learning experiences and
organize instruction?
1. Intended
Instructional
Outcomes
2. Teaching and
Learning Activities
3. Assessment