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COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE

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COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
I. Lý thuyết
SO SÁNH HƠN CỦA TÍNH TỪ (Comparative adjectives)
1. Định nghĩa
+ So sánh hơn chỉ sử dụng khi có hai người, hai sự vật, hoặc hai sự việc nào đó đi đưa ra để so sánh.
+ Khi dùng so sánh thì phải có tính từ đi kèm vào.
+ Tính từ được chia làm hai loại: tính từ ngắn và tính từ dài.
* Tính từ ngắn là tính từ có một âm tiết ví dụ như: strong, big, nice ... Tuy nhiên tính có hai vần tận cùng
bằng y, er, le, ow, some cũng được xem là tính từ ngắn, ví dụ simple, narrow, pretty, clever…
* Tính từ dài là tính từ có từ hai vần trở lên. Ví dụ: important, interesting, intelligent,…
2. Cấu trúc so sánh hơn
a. Với tính từ ngắn
N1 + be + adjer + than + N2
Eg: - Your house is bigger than Lan’s house.
- The life in the country is simpler than that in the city.
b) Với tính từ dài
N1 + be + more + adj + than + N2
Eg: - She is more beautiful than her younger sister.
- This chair is more comfortable than that chair.
Chú ý:
Trước so sánh hơn của tính từ, chúng ta có thể sử dụng a bit, a little, much, a lot far (= a lot).
Eg: You should go to there by bus. It costs much cheaper.
SO SÁNH NHẤT CỦA TÍNH TỪ (Superlative adjectives)
1. Định nghĩa
So sánh nhất chỉ sử dụng khi có từ ba người, ba sự vật, ba sự việc trở lên để so sánh nhằm đưa ra mức độ
lớn nhất đối với những cái khác.
2. Cấu trúc so sánh nhất
a. Với tính từ ngắn
S + be + the + adj –est…
Eg: - Mai is the most beautiful girl in this class.
b. Với tính từ dài
S + be + the + most + adj …
Eg:
- The lion is the most dangerous animal of the three.
- The brown dress is the most expensive.
3. Cách thêm đuôi –er, -est của tính từ ngắn
a. Với tính từ ngắn kết thúc bằng -y: Trong câu so sánh hơn ta bỏ -y thay bằng -ier, trong câu so sánh nhất
ta bỏ -y thay bằng – iest.
Eg: - You are look happier than your husband. What’s happen?
- You are reading the funniest example in the world.
b. Với tính từ ngắn kết thúc bằng -e: Trong câu so sánh hơn: Thêm -r vào sau cùng, Trong câu so sánh
nhất, thêm -st vào sau cùng
Eg: shorter, higher, fastest,….
c.Với tính từ ngắn có nguyên âm đứng trước phụ âm sau cùng: Trong câu so sánh hơn và so sánh nhất sẽ
cần gấp đôi phụ âm và thêm theo quy tắc như thông thường.
Eg: bigger, biggest, hotter, hottest….
II. Practice
Exercise 1. Chọn từ các từ cho sẵn và điền dạng so sánh hơn.
bad
nervous
cheap
far
quickly
fit
serious
green
happy
lazy
tall
trendy
well
little
wise
1. Your brother is much __________________ than mine.
2. This island used to be much __________________ before the forest fires.
3. Slow down! You’re __________________ than me and I can’t keep up!
4. Veronica seems __________________ since she moved schools.
5. It’s actually ______________ trendier to wear your hair up this year.
6. As the time for the performance got ______________, I got more nervous.
7. Old people are often ______________ than young people.
8. Why don’t you try and find a ______________ computer game and save some money?
9. Matt seems to have got even __________ than he used to be and almost never studies.
10. If the problem gets any __________, we may need to inform the manager about it.
11. If you work __________, you’ll finish sooner and then you can go home earlier.
12. Ben says he’s feeling much ______________ after his illness.
13. I have even ______________ free time this year than I did last year.
14. The news was much __________ than anyone had feared.
15. You’ll need to be able to run __________ than this if you’re going to do the marathon.
Exercise 2. Chọn từ các từ cho sẵn và điền dạng so sánh nhất.
bad
badly
boring
little
lovely
lucky
crazy
deep
modern
often
far
great
ugly
high
wise
1. I think Mohammed Ali was the __________ boxer that ever lived.
2. It was the __________ film I had ever seen.
3. Our teacher told us that the student with the __________ mark would get a prize.
4. Ginger is one of the __________ cats alive – he’s been hit by a car three times and has never been hurt!
5. Out of all the students in my music school, I practise __________.
6. The Pacific is the __________ ocean in the world.
7. Blobfish is the __________ fish I’ve ever seen!
8. I was ill before the exam and I did __________ out of the whole class.
9. The __________ I’ve run in one day is about ten kilometres.
10. Don’t you think this would be the __________ spot for a picnic?
11. But that’s the __________ idea I’ve ever heard!
12. I asked the assistant in The gioi Di dong to show me the __________ phone they had.
13. I told the manager that it was the __________ hotel I had ever stayed in.
14. Who do you think is the __________ talented actor to win an Oscar?
15. Out of all the members of the choir, Jason sang __________.
Exercise 3. Chọn đáp án đúng.
FILM REVIEW
Crime Does Pay, the (1) latter / latest comedy from director Sam Martin, has to be one of the (2) little /
least interesting films I have ever seen. The acting is terrible and the story is much (3) worse / worst than
Martin’s other flop, Escape. Crime Does Pay was apparently (4) more / most expensive than any other
film this year, but it’s hard to see where the money went. The plot concerns a gang of burglars who decide
to steal the (5) more / most valuable painting in the world. Fine, except the criminals are far (6) less /
least amusing than they should be. There isn’t a single real laugh in the whole movie. When I saw it, even
(7) younger / youngest members of the audience thought it was stupidly childish. Dean Richards, playing
Scaramose, does a slightly (8) better / best job than the others, but there isn’t much in it. Will Hollywood
realise that as ticket prices get (9) higher / highest, more people are finding that the (10) well / best form
of entertainment is to spend an evening at home with a DVD?
Exercise 4. Viết lại câu dùng từ cho sẵn, dùng 2-5 từ.
1. I have never read a better book than this one. ever
⮚ This is the _________________________ read.
2. Nobody has ever been this far into the jungle. as
⮚ This is _________________________ has ever been into the jungle.
3. I have never worked so hard in my whole life. ever
⮚ It was the _________________________ in my whole life.
4. Liam is the tallest boy in the class. than
⮚ Every other boy in the class _________________________ Liam.
5. This is the nicest beach along this part of the coast. than
⮚ This _________________________ the others along this part of the coast.
6. I read that Mount Everest is the highest mountain. none
⮚ I read that _________________________ Mount Everest.
7. Has anyone ever been this far north before? the
⮚ Is _________________________ has ever been?
8. The painting Ed did is the ugliest one you can imagine. than
⮚ You can’t imagine _________________________ the one Ed did.
9. This stamp is rarer than any other in my collection. more
⮚ The other stamps in my collection _________________________ this one.
10. Nobody in the class runs as fast as Pedro. runner
⮚ Pedro _________________________ in the class.
Exercise 5. Chọn từ các từ cho sẵn và điền dạng so sánh hơn hoặc so sánh nhất.
demanding
few
funny
hard
observant
reliable
slight
ugly
long
valuable
1. I thought this week’s programme was far __________ than last week’s, so it’s definitely improving.
2. My new laptop is __________ than my old one, but I suppose it was quite cheap so I shouldn’t be
surprised.
3. Jim Carter knows what he wants from employees, and I don’t think I’ve ever worked for __________
manager.
4. Because of its internal structure, diamond is __________ substance known.
5. Beside the house, there stood __________ tower block I had ever seen.
6. If the conflict goes on any __________, more people are going to lose their lives.
7. __________ his Portrait of Dr. Gachet, van Gogh’s Irises still sold for $49 million.
8. Even __________ amongst us soon realise when a friend has changed their appearance in some way.
9. I’m afraid that what you’re saying doesn’t make __________ difference to how I feel.
10. Frankly, I think __________ people who know about this, the better.
Exercise 6. Use the superlative form of the adjectives in brackets.
1. I am (tall) _________ person in my family.
2. Mercury is (small) _________ planet in our solar system.
3. Elephants are (large) _________ land animals on earth.
4. We bought (expensive) _________ TV in the store.
5. Which sports do you think are (dangerous) _________.
6. My cat is (lazy) _________ animal I know.
7. This restaurant serves (good) _________ food in town.
8. I think Maths is (difficult) _________ subject.
9. What is (long) _________ word in English that you know?
10. He is (strange) _________ man in the story.
11. Last week, I had (bad) _________ time of my life!
12. Which place is (hot) _________ place on earth?
13. I think it is (funny) _________ show on television.
14. My friend is (interesting) _________ person I know.
15. Who is (famous) _________ person in your country?
Exercise 7. Choose the best answer.
1. He is _______ actor I’ve ever met.
A. worse
B. bad
C. the worst
D. badly
2. Yuriko is _______responsible as Aki.
A. more
B. the most
C. much
D. as
3. It is ______in the city than it is in the countryside.
A. noisily
B. more noisier
C. noisier
D. noisy
4. Alex sings _______ among the singers I have known.
A. the most beautiful
B. the more beautiful
C. the most beautifully
D. the more beautifully
5. Emma is _______student in my class.
A. most hard-working
B. more hard-working
C. the most hard-working
D. as hard-working
6. Some experts claim that the coronavirus is __________ disease nowadays.
A. most dangerous
B. more dangerous
C. as dangerous
D. the most dangerous
7. Studies have shown that older people are ________ vulnerable to the disease than any other age group.
A. most
B. the most
C. far more
D. as more
8. To our surprise, John was ______ industrious employee in the marketing department.
A. more
C. much more
B. the most
D. far most
9. Tam Chuc Pagoda is _________ popular tourist attraction in Ha Nam; hundreds of thousands of
tourists flock to this area every year.
A. the most
B. more
C. most of
D. the more
10. When they launched the new smartphone, they assured their customers that it was ________ available
on the market.
A. cheaper
B. cheap
C. the cheaper
D. the cheapest
11. Nothing is more important than happiness and health.
A. Happiness and health are the most important things.
B. Happiness is more important than health.
C. Health is more important than happiness.
D. Happiness and health are more and more important.
12. I’ve never seen such a nice dress.
A. This dress is the nicest that I’ve ever made.
B. This is the nicest dress that I’ve ever seen.
C. I have never seen the nicest dress so far.
D. Nothing I’ve seen is nicer than this dress.
13. Football is one of the most popular sports in Vietnam.
A. In Vietnam, football is more popular than any other sports.
B. In Vietnam, no sport is more popular than football.
C. In Vietnam, no sport is less popular than football.
D. In Vietnam, one of the most popular sports is football.
14. Tet holiday is the most interesting Vietnamese traditional festival that Josh has ever attended.
A. Tet holiday is more interesting than the Vietnamese traditional festival that Josh has ever attended.
B. Josh has never attended a more interesting Vietnamese traditional festival than Tet holiday.
C. Josh has attended many interesting Vietnamese traditional festivals including Tet holiday.
D. Tet holiday is one of the most interesting Vietnamese traditional festivals Josh has ever attended.
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