Tóm tắt lý thuyết
1. Cách dùng: So sánh hơn (comparative) là cấu trúc dùng để so sánh hai hoặc nhiều đối
tượng với nhau về một tiêu chí nào đó, trong đó có một vật đạt tiêu chí tốt hơn so với các
vật còn lại.
2. Cấu trúc sử dụng:
– Tính từ và trạng từ ngắn: S + V + Adj/ Adv + -er + than O/ Clause/ N/ Pronoun.
– Tính từ và trạng từ dài: S + V + more + Adj/ Adv + than O/ Clause/ N/ Pronoun.
3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
– Tính từ và trạng từ ngắn: Là những từ có 1 âm tiết, những từ có 2 âm tiết khi có đuôi kết
thúc là “-y, -le, -et, -ow, -er”. Trong đó:
+ Đuôi kết thúc là -e thì chỉ cần thêm đuôi -r.
+ Đuôi kết thúc là -y thì chuyển -y thành -i và thêm đuôi -er.
+ Đuôi kết thúc bằng 1 phụ âm, trước đó là 1 nguyên âm thì gấp đôi phụ âm cuối và thêm
đuôi -er.
– Tính từ và trạng từ dài: Là những từ có 2 âm tiết trở lên.
(*) Một số từ giúp tăng mạnh/ giảm nhẹ cường độ so sánh hơn:
+ Tăng mạnh: far, much, a lot, lots, a great deal, a good deal.
+ Giảm nhẹ: a bit, a little, slightly.
(*) Một số tính từ không thể sử dụng so sánh hơn: perfect (hoàn hảo), unique (duy nhất),
entire (toàn bộ), absolutely (một cách tuyệt đối), etc.
4. Một số tính từ và trạng từ bất quy tắc:
– Good/ well => better (tốt => tốt hơn).
– Bad/ badly => worse (xấu => xấu hơn).
– Many/ much => more (nhiều => nhiều hơn).
– Few => fewer (ít => ít hơn, danh từ đếm được).
– Little => less (ít => ít hơn, danh từ không đếm được).
– Old => older (cổ/ cũ/ già => cổ/ cũ/ già hơn).
– Old => elder (lớn tuổi => lớn tuổi hơn).
– Far => farther (xa => xa hơn).
– Far => further (Chỉ mức độ ví dụ như mạnh, nhiều => mạnh hơn, nhiều hơn).
Để trực quan và sinh động hơn, mình có tổng hợp lý thuyết của so sánh hơn dưới dạng hình
ảnh để bạn có thể lưu về và học bài mọi lúc:
II. Practice
Exercise 1: Choose the correct alternative with comparative form
(Bài tập 1: Chọn phương án đúng với dạng so sánh hơn)
1. Elephants are bigger/ more big than bears.
2. Orange juice is healthier/ more healthy than soft drinks.
3. “Harry Potter” books are interestinger/ more interesting than “The Book of the
Jungle”.
4. I am gooder/ better at English than my brother.
5. I am badder/ worse at math than my best friend.
6. Tina is 5 years old. Sandra is 10 years old. Sandra is older/ elder than Tina.
7. I have two sisters. My younger sister is a student, and my elder/ older sister is a
lawyer.
8. I live far from the city center, but my sister lives further/ farther than I do.
9. His understanding of the topic goes further/ farther than just the basics.
10.The more you practice, the more/ most proficient you become.
Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with the comparative form of the adjectives
(Bài tập 2: Hoàn thành câu với dạng so sánh hơn của tính từ)
1. Lana is (old) ………. than John.
2. China is far (large) ………. than the UK.
3. My cat is (friendly) ………. than my neighbor’s cat.
4. A holiday by the sea is (good) ………. than a holiday by the mountains.
5. This novel is (captivating) ………. than the one I borrowed from the library.
6. Mountains are (high) ………. than hills.
7. My garden is a lot (colorful) ………. than this park.
8. My Geography class is (boring) ………. than my Math class.
9. That movie was (funny) ………. than I expected.
10.Electric cars are much (eco-friendly) ………. than gasoline cars.
Exercise 3: Write sentences using the comparative form of the adjectives
(Bài tập 3: Viết câu sử dụng dạng so sánh hơn của tính từ)
1. French/ difficult/ English.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
2. The city/ noisy/ the countryside.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
3. Dogs/ intelligent/ cats.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
4. Robert/ happy/ Henry.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
5. The girls/ quiet/ the boys.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
6. His dance moves/ smooth/ her dance moves.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
7. My room/ nice/ your room.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
8. Traffic congestion in Hanoi/ bad/ in Ho Chi Minh city.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
9. Lisa/ tall/ Tony.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
10. Tokyo/ busy/ Paris.
=> ……………………………………………………………………
Exercise 4: Complete the sentences below, using comparative adjectives
(Bài tập 4: Hoàn thành câu bằng cách sử dụng cấu trúc so sánh hơn của tính từ)
1. My father is heavy. My uncle is much ………. than him.
2. The test in history was easy, but the test in physics was ……….
3. The hill is steep. The mountain is much ………. than the hill.
4. The laptop is expensive. The gaming PC is much ………. than the laptop.
5. Her dress is pretty. Her friend’s dress is much ………. than hers.
6. My brother thinks he’s intelligent, but I am ………. than him.
7. We have only a little time for this exercise, but in the examination we’ll have even
………. time.
8. Skateboarding is a dangerous action sport. Bungee jumping is ………. than
skateboarding.
9. In the last holidays I read a good book, but my father gave me an even ………. one
last weekend.
10.My teacher has a soft voice, but my mother’s voice is ………. than hers.
Task 1. Điền vào chỗ trống dạng đúng của so sánh hơn
1. Cats are ………… (intelligent) than rabbits.
2. Lana is…………… (old) than John.
3. China is far ………… (large) than the UK.
4. My garden is a lot ………………. (colourful) than this park.
5. Helen is …………… (quiet) than her sister.
6. My Geography class is ……………. (boring) than my Math class.
7. My Class is …………. (big) than yours.
8. The weather this autumn is even ……………… (bad) than last autumn.
9. This box is ……………… (beautiful) than that one.
10. A holiday by the mountains is ……………….(good) than a holiday in the sea.
Task 2. Chọn đáp án đúng để điền vào chỗ trống trong các câu sau
1. He is ....... singer I’ve ever met.
A. worse
B. bad
C. the worst
D. badly
2. Mary is ....... responsible as Peter.
A. more
B. the most
C. much
D. as
3. It is ....... in the city than it is in the country.
A. noisily
B. more noisier
C. noisier
D. noisy
4. He sings ……….. among the singers I have known.
A. the most beautiful
B. the more beautiful
C. the most beautifully
D. the more beautifully
5. He is ....... student in my class.
A. most hard-working
B. more hard-working
C. the most hard-working
D. as hard-working
Task 3. Chọn đáp án đúng
1. I think London is more expensive/expensiver than New York.
2. Is the North Sea more big/bigger than the Mediterranean Sea?
3. Are you a better/good student than your sister?
4. My dad’s funny/funnier than your dad!
5. Crocodiles are more dangerous than/as dolphins.
6. Physics is badder/worse than chemistry.
7. Cars are much more safer/much safer than motorbikes.
8. Australia is far/further hotter than Ireland.
9. It is strange but often a coke is more expensive/ expensiver than a beer.
10. Non-smokers usually live more long/longer than smokers.
Task 4. Chọn đáp án đúng để điền vào chỗ trống trong các câu sau
1. My office is ....... away than mine.
A. father
B. more far
C. farther
D. farer
2. Lana is ....... than David.
A. handsome
B. the more handsome
C. more handsome
D. the most handsome
3. She did the test ……….. I did.
A. as bad as
B. badder than
C. more badly than
D. worse than
4. A boat is ....... than a plane.
A. slower
B. slowest
C. more slow
D. more slower
5. Her new house is ....... than the old one.
A. more comfortable
B. comfortably
C. more comfortabler
D. comfortable
PHẦN III. BÀI TẬP BỔ SUNG
Exercise 1. Give the correct form of the words in the brackets.
1. Cars are ________ (big) than motorbikes.
2. Planes are ________ (expensive) than buses.
3. Ships are ________ (slow) than planes.
4. Motorbikes are ________ (small) than lorries.
5. City life is ________ (busy) than country life.
6. Trains are ________ (fast) than bicycles.
Exercise 2. Choose the best answer.
I never take the bus because buses are (1) _______ than any other transport in my town.
Even walking is (2) _______ than taking the bus!. I love travelling by train but the train is
(3) _______ than the bus. We’ve got a new train station in our town. It’s (4) _______ and
(5) _______ than the bus station and it’s (6) _______ than our airport. I often ride my bike
because it’s (7) _______ and (8) _______ but when I’m late or when it rains, my mom
drives me by car because the car is (9) _______ and (10) _______ than the bike.
1. A. slowly
B. slower
C. more slower
D. more slow
2. A. faster
B. more fast
C. fastter
D. more faster
3. A. expensive
B. more expensiver C. more expensive D. expensiver
4. A. biger
B. more big
5. A. more beautiful B. more beauty
C. more bigger
D. bigger
C. beautier
D. beautifuller
6. A. modern
B. more modern
C. moderner
D. modernner
7. A. cheap
B. cheaper
C. more cheap
D. cheapper
8. A. healthier
B. more healthier
C. more healthy
D. more healthyer
9. A. quicker
B. more quick
C. more quicker
D. more quickier
10. A. dry
B. more dry
C. more drier
D. drier
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