Course title : Speech Communication
Course code : 121
Topic :Effective Speech Communication in Journalism
Lecturer Mrs Khadijah Yakubu Ashiedzi
Welcome, students! Today, we'll explore the vital role of speech communication in
journalism. Journalists must convey complex information clearly and engagingly,
making speech communication a crucial skill.
I. Introduction
-What is communication? According to Davison Munodawafa: Communication
involves transmission of verbal and non-verbal messages. It consists of a sender, a
receiver and channel of communication. Communication is a two-way process: It
involves both sending and receiving messages.
Principles of Communication
1. Know your audience: Understand who you're communicatin Bg with and tailor
your message accordingly.
2. Use clear language: Avoid jargon and technical terms that may confuse your
audience.
3. Be concise: Get straight to the point and avoid rambling.
4. Use nonverbal communication effectively: Make eye contact, use appropriate
body language, and tone of voice.
5. Listen actively: Pay attention
to
the recipient's response
and
respond appropriately.
6. Avoid barriers: Minimize distractions, cultural
differences, and
language barriers.
7. Use feedback: Encourage feedback and respond to it.
8. Be empathetic: Show understanding and compassion.
9. Be aware of cultural differences: Respect and understand cultural nuances.
10.Practice mindfulness: Be present and focused in your communication.
What is journalism ?
Journalism is the practice of gathering, processing, and disseminating news and
information to the public through various media channels, such as:
1. Print (newspapers, magazines)
2. Broadcast (television, radio)
3. Online (news websites, social media, blogs)
4. Mobile (mobile apps, podcasts) Journalism involves:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Researching and investigating stories
Conducting interviews and gathering information
Writing and editing news articles, features, and opinion pieces
Producing and presenting news programs, podcasts, and video content
Verifying facts and ensuring accuracy
Providing context, analysis, and commentary
Holding those in power accountable 8. Giving voice to marginalized
communities The core principles of journalism include:
1. Objectivity and impartiality
2. Accuracy and truthfulness
3. Fairness and balance
4. Transparency and accountability
5. Respect for sources and privacy
Journalism plays a crucial role in:
1. Informing the public about current events and issues
2. Holding those in power accountable
3. Providing a platform for diverse perspectives and voices
4. Facilitating public discourse and debate
5. Supporting democracy and democratic values
What is speech communication in journalism?
Speech communication in journalism refers to the process of effectively conveying
news, information, and ideas through spoken words, either in person or through
various media channels. It involves the art of communicating complex information
in a clear, concise, and engaging manner, taking into account the audience, context,
and purpose.
II. In journalism, speech communication is crucial for:
1.
Interviews: Journalists conduct interviews with sources, witnesses, and
experts, requiring effective questioning and listening skills.
2.
Reporting: Journalists deliver news reports, either live or recorded, for
television, radio, or online platforms.
3.
Anchoring: News anchors present news programs, introducing stories, and
conducting interviews.
4.
Podcasting: Journalists create audio content, sharing stories and information
through spoken word.
5.
Public speaking: Journalists may speak at events, conferences, or panels,
sharing their expertise and insights.
Effective speech communication in journalism requires:
1. Clarity and concision
2. Strong vocal delivery and tone
3. Active listening and questioning skills
4. Ability to think on one's feet
5. Knowledge of the subject matter
6. Awareness of the audience and context
7. Ability to convey complex information simply
Note: By mastering speech communication skills, journalists can effectively engage
their audiences, convey important information, and contribute to informed public
discourse.
Model
of
communication:
Lasswell's Communication Model
Introduction:
Harold Lasswell's communication model is a widely used framework for
understanding the communication process. It identifies the key elements of
communication and their relationships.
The Model:
- Who (Speaker):
- The person or entity sending the message
- Credentials, intentions, and goals - Says What (Message):
- The content of the communication
- Verbal and nonverbal elements - In Which Channel (Medium):
- The method of message transmission - Face-to-face, written, oral, visual, or
digital - To Whom (Audience):
- The intended recipient of the message - Characteristics, needs, and
expectations - With What Effect (Feedback):
- The response or outcome of the communication
- Intended or unintended, positive or negative Key Points:
- Each element is interdependent and affects the others
- Effective communication depends on the appropriate selection of each
element - The model can be applied to various contexts, including personal and mass
communication
Example:
-
Who: A political candidate
-
Says What: A speech about their platform
In Which Channel: Television broadcast
To Whom: The voting public
With What Effect: Increased support and votes
Conclusion:
Lasswell's model provides a comprehensive understanding of the communication
process, highlighting the importance of considering all elements to achieve effective
communication.
Class Assessment:DONE
-
Class discussion: Apply the model to a real-life scenario
Next week
What are Verbal and non verbal cues?
In mass communication, verbal and nonverbal cues are crucial for effectively
conveying messages to a large audience. Here is why Verbal Cues:
1. Clarity: Verbal messages should be clear and concise to ensure understanding.
2. Precision: Verbal
communication allows
for precise
messaging, reducing misinterpretation.
3. Complexity: Verbal messages can convey complex ideas and information.
4. Feedback: Verbal communication enables feedback and interaction with the
audience.
Nonverbal Cues:
1.
Emotional Connection: Nonverbal cues like facial expressions, tone, and body
language convey emotions and empathy.
2.
Visual
Aids: Images,
videos,
and graphics
enhance
understanding
and engagement.
3.
Atmosphere: Nonverbal cues create a specific atmosphere, influencing the
audience's mood and perception.
4.
Authenticity: Nonverbal cues like eye contact and gestures convey sincerity
and credibility.
Important of verbal and non verbal cues in mass communication
1. Engaging audiences
2. Building trust and credibility
3. Conveying emotions and empathy
4. Creating a memorable experience
5. Reinforcing messages
6. Encouraging feedback and interaction
Effective use of verbal and nonverbal cues in mass communication can:
1. Increase audience engagement and retention
2. Enhance message clarity and understanding
3. Build a stronger connection with the audience
4. Create a lasting impact
5. Support brand identity and reputation
Remember, verbal and nonverbal cues work together to create a powerful and C
effective message in mass communication.