Achieve for Interactive General Chemistry 2.0 Reactions First 2nd Edition By Macmillan Learning (Test Bank
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IGC Chapter 1 Free Response
1. What is the name and symbol for the SI unit of length?
ANSWER: meter, m
2. Rank the following volume units from smallest to largest: nL, L, mL, cL, kL
ANSWER: nL < mL < cL < L < kL
3. Give the symbol and numerical meaning for the prefix micro-.
ANSWER: μ, 106
4. Convert 450.7 g to kilograms.
ANSWER: 0.4507 kg
5. Convert 3.87 nm to meters.
ANSWER: 3.87 × 10-9 m
6. Calculate the volume in cubic centimeters of a rectangular box that is 4.69cm by 9.72 mm by 0.0521 m
ANSWER: 23.8 cm3
7. How many significant digits are in the following value? 156.100
ANSWER: six
8. Solve the following problem and round the answer to the correct number of significant digits.
ANSWER: 0.010
9. A sample with a mass of 4.074 g was placed in a beaker with a mass of 125.6 g. What is the combined mass
of the beaker and sample? Report your answer with the proper number of significant digits.
ANSWER: 130.0 g
10. The astronomical unit (au) is a unit of distance used in astronomy and is equivalent to the mean distance
between Earth and the sun. One au is equal to 1.496 ×1011m. The closest Pluto and Earth get to each other
during their orbits is approximately 28 au. How many kilometers is the distance between Earth and Pluto at this
point?
ANSWER: 4.2 × 109 km
11. The average life expectancy in the United States is 78.7 years. Given that there are 365.25 days in a year,
exactly 24 hours in a day, exactly 60 minutes in an hour, and exactly 60 seconds in a minute, calculate the
number of minutes that the average American lives.
ANSWER: 4.14 × 107 min
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12. Standard-sized dice that are used in games and gambling are approximately cubic in shape and 16 mm in
length on each side. Given that there are exactly 10 mm in 1 cm, calculate the volume of a die in units of cubic
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IGC Chapter 1 Free Response
centimeters. Assume that the die is completely cubic in shape.
ANSWER: 4.1 cm3
13. Cooking oil has a density of 0.92 g/mL. Calculate the mass of a teaspoon of cooking oil, which is equivalent
to 4.93 mL.
ANSWER: 4.5 g
14. When added to water, octane will form a layer on the surface of the water. Iron will sink when added to
water. Rank the densities of these substances from lowest to highest.
ANSWER: octane < water < iron
15. An unknown metal object with a mass of 12.346g was placed in a graduated cylinder that initially contained
25.0 mL of water. After the object was submerged in the water, the volume of the water and the object was
measured to be 26.7mL. Calculate the density of the object and use the following table to determine the identity
of the object.
Metal
Density (g/mL)
Copper
8.96
Aluminum
2.70
Zinc
7.13
Tin
7.26
ANSWER: 7.3 g/mL; Tin
16. Helium's boiling point is 4.222 K. Calculate helium's boiling point in degrees Fahrenheit.
ANSWER: –452.07 °F
17. The lowest recorded temperature on Earth was –89.2 °C at the Soviet Vostok Station in Antarctica in 1983.
Calculate this temperature in degrees Fahrenheit.
ANSWER: –128.6 °F
18. The surface temperature of the sun is, on average,5778 K. What is the surface temperature in degrees
Celsius?
ANSWER: 5505 °C
19. Which metal in the following table has the highest melting point?
Metal
Melting Point
Gold
1948°F
Silver
1234 K
Platinum
1768°C
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ANSWER: Platinum
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IGC Chapter 1 Free Response
20. The density of gasoline ranges from 0.71 to 0.77 g/mL. What is the mass range, in pounds, of gasoline
added to a car that has a 15.35-galtank? Assume the tank was empty before it was completely filled with
gasoline.(1 gal = 3.785L; 1 lb = 453.6g)
ANSWER: 91 lb-99 lb
21. Crater Lake in Oregon is approximately 9.7 km long and 8.0 km wide, and has an average depth of 350 m.
Assuming that the lake has the three-dimensional shape of a rectangular prism, calculate the volume of Crater
Lake and round the answer to the correct number of significant figures.
ANSWER: 27 km3
22. The surface area of the Caspian Sea is approximately 1.4 × 105 square miles. Given that there are 1.609 km
in one mile, calculate the surface area of the Caspian Sea in square meters and round the answer to the correct
number of significant figures.
ANSWER: 3.6 × 1011 m2
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IGC Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
1. Select the pure substance.
a. air (a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen)
b. seawater (water with dissolved salts)
c. water (a compound of hydrogen and oxygen)
d. brass (a mixture of copper and zinc)
ANSWER: c
2. Which are considered pure substances?
a. elements only
b. compounds only
c. elements and compounds
d. elements, compounds, and homogeneous mixtures
e. elements, compounds, homogeneous mixtures, and heterogeneous mixtures
ANSWER: c
3. Select the true statement.
a. All compounds are mixtures.
b. Only elements are pure substances.
c. Pure substances cannot consist of more than one type of element.
d. A compound consists of two or more elements.
ANSWER: d
4. Suppose you have two different brands of baking powder that are each uniform throughout. However, the
labels show that one brand has a higher sodium content than the other. Classify baking powder.
a. element
b. compound
c. homogeneous mixture
d. heterogeneous mixture
ANSWER: c
5. In a cup, there is orange juice containing pulp and a few ice cubes. Which choice best describes the contents
of the cup?
a. element
b. compound
c. homogeneous mixture
d. heterogeneous mixture
ANSWER: d
6. What term BEST describes the mixture formed when a substance is dissolved in water?
a. heterogeneous mixture
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b. solid-phase solution
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IGC Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
c. aqueous solution
d. liquid-phase solution
e. gas-phase solution
ANSWER: c
7. Which property is not an extensive property?
a. mass
b. volume
c. melting point
d. temperature
ANSWER: c
8. Select the chemical property.
a. color
b. melting point
c. flammability
d. density
e. conductivity
ANSWER: c
9. Select the extensive property.
a. volume
b. density
c. color
d. freezing point
ANSWER: a
10. Select the chemical change.
a. ice melting
b. crushing an aluminum can
c. breaking glass
d. water condensing on a cool glass
e. burning wood
ANSWER: e
11. A sample of potassium explodes when dropped into a swimming pool. This property is
a. extensive and physical.
b. extensive and chemical.
c. intensive and chemical.
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d. intensive andGet
physical.
ANSWER: c
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IGC Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
12. A sample of ethanol melts at −114°C. This property is
a. extensive and physical
b. extensive and chemical
c. intensive and chemical
d. intensive and physical
ANSWER: d
13. Select the choice that is not an example of energy.
a. a beam of light
b. a loud noise
c. an atom
d. heat from a fire
e. radiation from a microwave oven
ANSWER: c
14. A log burns in a fireplace. Which choice best describes the energy conversion?
a. Potential energy is converted to nuclear energy.
b. Matter is converted to potential energy.
c. Kinetic energy is converted to electrical energy.
d. Nuclear energy is converted to heat energy.
e. Chemical energy is converted to heat energy.
ANSWER: e
15. The law of conservation of energy states that
a. energy can be created but not destroyed.
b. energy can be destroyed but not created
c. mass cannot be converted into energy
d. energy cannot be created or destroyed
e. energy is always lost in a chemical reaction
ANSWER: d
16. Select the correct sequence of events in the scientific method.
a. hypothesis → observation → experiment → theory → scientific law
b. theory → observation → scientific law
c. observation → hypothesis → experiment → theory → scientific law
d. hypothesis → experiment → theory → scientific law
e. observation → hypothesis → experiment → theory
ANSWER: e
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17. An observation is made and a hypothesis is formed. Select the next step in the scientific method.
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IGC Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
a. The hypothesis is tested with experiments.
b. The hypothesis becomes a theory.
c. The hypothesis becomes a scientific law.
d. The hypothesis becomes a scientific axiom.
ANSWER: a
18. A series of experimental results do not support a hypothesis. Select the next step in the scientific method.
a. A scientific theory is formulated, based on the experimental results.
b. A scientific law is formulated, based on the experimental results.
c. Based on the experimental results, a new hypothesis is formulated and tested experimentally.
d. More experiments are conducted, until the results support the original hypothesis.
e. A theory is formulated from the results, which can later become a scientific law.
ANSWER: c
19. Select the true statement.
a. A scientific law can later be revised.
b. A scientific theory can become a scientific law.
c. A theory is first formulated to explain an observation.
d. After a theory becomes generally accepted, it becomes a hypothesis.
ANSWER: a
20. What is the main difference between a law and a theory?
a. A law is an observation that is always seen to be that way, where as a theory is an explanation that
has been tested and is widely accepted.
b. A law is developed from a theory that has been thoroughly tested, whereas a theory is developed
from a hypothesis that is thoroughly tested.
c. A law is an explanation of the underlying concepts observed in a theory.
d. A theory requires the consensus of scientists to become a law.
ANSWER: a
21. What is the symbol of the SI base unit for amount of substance?
a. m
b. mol
c. g
d. A
e. cd
ANSWER: b
22. Select the choice that is not a derived unit.
a. m/s
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b. s–1
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IGC Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
c. m
d. m3
e. kg·m/s2
ANSWER: c
23. Select the choice that is NOT an English unit.
a. g
b. in
c. gal
d. ft
e. lb
ANSWER: a
24. Select the choice that is equal to 1 km.
a. 100 m
b. 103 m
c. 10–3 m
d. 10 m
e. 0.001 m
ANSWER: b
25. Select the choice that is equal to 10–3 s.
a. 1 ms
b. 1 ks
c. 1 s
d. 1 μs
e. 1 ds
ANSWER: b
26. Select the choice that is equal to 1 ng.
a. 106 g
b. 103 g
c. 10–9 g
d. 10–6 g
e. 10–3 g
ANSWER: c
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27. Select the largest
quantity.
a. 1 ng
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IGC Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
b. 1 mg
c. 1 kg
d. 1 μg
e. 1 Mg
ANSWER: e
28. Select the shortest distance.
a. 1 nm
b. 1mm
c. 1 km
d. 1 m
e. 1 Mm
ANSWER: a
29. A scientist studies a 1.0 L water sample from a pond and obtains several results. Select the result that is
quantitative.
a. The water sample contains microorganisms.
b. The water sample contains iron.
c. The water sample contains calcium.
d. The water sample contains 0.5 μg of lead.
e. The water sample contains sediment.
ANSWER: d
30. Water boils at 100 °C at sea level. A scientist working at sea level takes three temperature measurements of
a boiling water sample and obtains values of 93.0 °C, 92.9 °C, and 93.1 °C. Select the statement that most
accurately describes the result of the measurements.
a. The measurements are accurate, but not precise.
b. The measurements are precise, but not accurate.
c. The measurements are both precise and accurate.
d. The measurements are neither precise nor accurate.
ANSWER: d
31. Select the number of significant digits in the following value: 2.006
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four
e. at least two
ANSWER: d
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32. Select the number of significant digits in the following value: 0.0126
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IGC Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four
e. at least three
ANSWER: c
33. Select the number of significant digits in the following value: 7900
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four
e. at least two
ANSWER: e
34. Round the following number to two significant digits: 0.0845
a. 0.08
b. 0.1
c. 0.084
d. 0.085
ANSWER: d
35. Round the following number to three significant digits: 0.06703
a. 0.0670
b. 0.06703
c. 0.067
d. 0.07
ANSWER: a
36. Solve the following problem and select the answer with the correct number of significant digits: 25.00 cm +
3.2 cm = ?
a. 28 cm
b. 28.2 cm
c. 28.20 cm
d. 28.200 cm
ANSWER: b
37. Solve the following problem and select the answer with the correct number of significant digits: (3.001
g/mL)(1.25 mL) = ?
a. 3.7 g
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b. 3.75 g
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IGC Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
c. 3.751 g
d. 3.7513 g
ANSWER: b
38. Solve the following problem, and select the answer with the correct number of significant digits:
=?
a. 9.6 g/mL
b. 9.62 g/mL
c. 9.629 g/mL
d. 9.6289 g/mL
ANSWER: a
39. Solve the following problem and select the answer with the correct number of significant digits:
a. 1.1 g/cm3
b. 1.05 g/cm3
c. 1.052 g/cm3
d. 1.0516 g/cm3
e. 0.263 g/cm3
ANSWER: a
40. What are the units for the final answer to the following calculation?
a. g
b. L
c. fl oz
d. mL
ANSWER: c
41. A car driving from Portland, Oregon, to Portland, Maine, travels 3.19 × 103 miles. Given that one mile =
1.61 km, convert this distance to kilometers.
a. 1.98 × 103 km
b. 5.14 × 103 km
c. 5.14 km
d. 3.19 × 103 km
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ANSWER: b
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IGC Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
42. An employee makes $18.00 per hour. Given that there are 52 weeks in a year and assuming a 40-hour work
week, calculate the employee's yearly salary.
a. $720 per year
b. $936 per year
c. $37,440 per year
d. $11,230 per year
e. $8,640 per year
ANSWER: c
43. K2, located on the China–Pakistan border, is the second-highest mountain in the world, at 8611 m above sea
level. Given that there are 39.37 inches in one meter and exactly 12 inches in one foot, calculate the height of
K2 above sea level in feet.
a. 20,140 ft
b. 28,250 ft
c. 29,030 ft
d. 103,300 ft
e. 339,000 ft
ANSWER: b
44. The speed of light is 2.998×108m/s. What is the speed of light in miles per hour (mi/h), given that 1 mi
=1.609km?
a. 4.83 ×108 mi/h
b. 1.86 ×108 mi/h
c. 6.71 ×108 mi/h
d. 3.80 ×108 mi/h
ANSWER: c
45. A standard soccer field covers an area of 7140 m2. Given that there are 39.37 inches in a meter and exactly
12 inches in a foot, calculate the area of a soccer field in square feet.
a. 663 ft2
b. 2.34 × 104 ft2
c. 7.69 × 104 ft2
d. 3.37 × 106 ft2
e. 1.11 × 107 ft2
ANSWER: c
46. Object A and object B have the same mass, but object B has a greater volume than object A. Select the true
statement.
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IGC Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
b. Object B is more dense than object A.
c. Objects A and B have the same densities.
d. The volume of object B is less than the volume of object A.
ANSWER: a
47. A 151 g sample of lead has a volume of 13.4 mL. Calculate the density of lead.
a. 0.0887 g/mL
b. 2.02 × 103 g/mL
c. 2.02 × 103 g·mL
d. 11.3 g/mL
e. 151 g/mL
ANSWER: d
48. Calculate the volume of an 8.24 g mass of copper (density = 8.96 g/mL).
a. 0.920 mL
b. 1.09 g/mL
c. 73.8 g/mL
d. 8.96 g/mL
ANSWER: a
49. What is the mass of a 25.5 mL sample of mercury? The density of mercury is 13.53 g/mL.
a. 1.88 g
b. 345 g
c. 188 g
d. 17.4 g
ANSWER: b
50. What is the volume of an ethanol sample that has a mass of 469mg? The density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL.
a. 594 mL
b. 1.68 mL
c. 0.00168 mL
d. 0.594 mL
ANSWER: d
51. The boiling point of oxygen is –182.962 °C. Calculate oxygen's boiling point on the Kelvin scale.
a. 90.19 K
b. –24.18 K
c. 456.11 K
d. –456.11 K
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ANSWER: a
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IGC Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
52. Dallol, Ethiopia, is one of the hottest places on Earth. From 1960 to 1966, its average annual temperature
was measured and found to be 94.0 °F. Calculate Dallol's annual average temperature during this time period in
degrees Celsius.
a. 62.0 °C
b. 34.4 °C
c. 201.2 °C
d. 179.15 °C
ANSWER: b
53. The cosmic background temperature of outer space is 2.725 K. Calculate the cosmic background
temperature in degrees Fahrenheit.
a. –182.24 °F
b. –267.70 °F
c. –270.43 °F
d. –273.15 °F
e. –454.77 °F
ANSWER: e
54. The temperature of the combustion of gasoline in a car’s engine can reach 2600 F. What is this temperature
in Kelvin?
a. 1700 K
b. 1400 K
c. 1500 K
d. 4600 K
e. 4900 K
ANSWER: a
55. Potassium is a shiny, solid compound with a melting point of 64 °C. Chlorine is a pale yellow-green gas
with a melting point of –102 °C. These two elements can combine to form a white, crystalline substance with a
melting point of 771 °C. Select the false statement.
a. The white crystalline substance formed is a compound.
b. The melting point of the white crystalline substance is an intensive property.
c. The combination of potassium and chlorine to form a white crystalline substance is an example of a
chemical reaction.
d. The melting point of the white crystalline substance is a chemical property.
ANSWER: d
56. The Dead Sea, which borders Israel, Palestine, and Jordan, is a salt lake. Its water has a density of 1.24
kg/L. Calculate the density of Dead Sea salt water in units of grams per milliliter and determine whether it is
more or less dense than ocean salt water (density = 1.027 g/mL).
a. Dead Sea saltGet
water
has a density
0.124
it is less dense than ocean salt water.
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b. Dead Sea salt water has a density of 12.4 g/mL, and it is more dense than ocean salt water.
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IGC Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
c. Dead Sea salt water has a density of 1.24 g/mL, and it is more dense than ocean salt water.
d. Dead sea salt water has a density of 1.21 g/mL, and it is more dense than ocean salt water.
ANSWER: c
57. Water has a density of 1.000 g/mL at 4 °C and a density of 0.997 g/mL at 25 °C. Given that 1 mL = exactly
1 cm3, calculate the volume difference between 1.000 kg masses of water at these two different temperatures.
a. 997 cm3
b. 0.000 cm3
c. 3 cm3
d. 0.003 cm3
e. 0.997 cm3
ANSWER: c
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