EDU 571 P2 REVIEWER
The national territory comprises the Philippine archipelago, with all the islands and waters embraced
therein, and all other territories over which the Philippines has sovereignty or jurisdiction, consisting of its
terrestrial, fluvial and aerial domains, including its territorial sea, the seabed, the subsoil, the insular
shelves, and other submarine areas. The waters around, between, and connecting the islands of the
archipelago, regardless of their breadth and dimensions, form part of the internal waters of the Philippines.
Territory refers to the area within the country’s power. It includes all the land and water forms within and
around the country and the atmospheric space surrounding it. (Article 1 of 1973 Constitution of the
Republic of the Philippine)
Importance of the Location of the Philippines
The location of the Philippines is considered strategic for the following reasons:
● Serves as trading route for travelers and shipping
● Serves as port for countries with trading agreement and a route for sailing along the Pacific Ocean
● Serves as a port for countries for exchange of products
What is the difference between climate and weather?
Weather is what conditions of the atmosphere are over a short period of time, and climate is how the
atmosphere "behaves" over relatively long periods of time.
Climate is the average of these weather ingredients over many years. Some meteorologists say that "climate
is what you expect; weather is what you get".
Meteorologist- a scientist who studies the atmosphere and its phenomena, including weather and climate
The 4 types of climates in the Philippines
The Climate of the Philippines is either tropical rainforest, tropical savanna or tropical monsoon, or humid
subtropical (in higher-altitude areas) characterized by relatively high temperature, humidity and plenty of
rainfall.
There are two seasons in the country, the wet season and the dry season, based upon the amount of
rainfall. This is dependent as well on your location in the country as some areas experience rain all
throughout the year.
DRY SEASON
The Philippines dry season starts in December and runs through to about June.
From March to June, you can expect hot and dry weather. May is the hottest month of the year, you can
expect temperatures in the high thirty’s degree Celsius and at night, if it gets below 27 degrees Celsius, then
you are lucky.
With the high humidity and heat of the months May and June it is not surprising that something has to give,
it just cannot stay like this forever. The season will break, usually in July. It is July through to November that
the rain comes and pours heavily. These rains are called monsoons and are a constant wind-bringing rain.
REGIONAL RICHES AND CHARACTERISTICS
National Capital Region
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The National Capital Region (NCR), also known as Metropolitan Manila, is the capital region of the Philippines.
Metro Manila is the financial, commercial, and industrial center of the Philippines. Makati is the largest
financial and economic hub of the metropolitan area and the country, regarded as the metropolis' central
business district (CBD),
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NCR is the seat of Philippine Government where most national offices are located including the
Malacañang Palace, Supreme Court, Senate of the Philippines and the House of Representatives.
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NCR features a tropical wet and dry climate that borders on a tropical monsoon climate.
REGION 1 - ILOCOS REGION
 It is composed of our (4) provinces– Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, and Pangasinan. San Fernando City is
the Regional Capital.
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Region I is drained by 29 river systems, aside from small mountain streams that sometimes swell up to three
times their sizes during the rainy season. These rivers are a valuable means of irrigation. River Basins: The
Agno River basin, and the Amburayan River basin.
Principal products are rice, corn, tobacco, garlic, sugarcane, and cassava.
CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION
 The Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) is bounded on the north by the province of Cagayan, on the west
by Ilocos Norte and Ilocos Sur, on the east by Isabela and in the south by the province of Pangasinan and
Nueva Vizcaya. The region is politically subdivided into six (6) provinces and two cities, namely Abra, Apayao,
Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mt. Province, and Baguio City.
 Tourist attractions in the region include the world famous Banaue Rice Terraces in the province of Ifugao. This
is supposedly considered as the "Eighth Wonder of the World".
 This region is home to numerous indigenous tribes collectively called the Igorot.
 Almost the whole region is situated in the mountainous Cordillera Central range. Located there is Mount
Pulag, the second highest mountain in the country, rising at 2,922 meters.
 Cordillera has abundant mineral reserves. These include metallic ores such as gold, copper, silver, zinc, and
non-metallic minerals like sand, gravel, and sulfur. Mineral reserves are found in all the provinces.
 Major Commodities and productivity: CAR is extensively grown to rice, vegetables, corn, coffee, and root
crops.
REGION II – CAGAYAN VALLEY
 The Cagayan Valley, officially designated as Region II, is an administrative region in the Philippines occupying
the northeastern section of Luzon. It covers 5 provinces, namely, Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya,
and Quirino. The regional center is the city of Tuguegarao.
 Long before the coming of the Spaniards into the valley, fishing villages existed on the banks and at the
mouths of the rivers and creeks flowing into the sea. The Spaniards found natives inhabiting the narrow
coastal plains in Northern Luzon and flood plains of the Cagayan River – the Ibanags.
 Cagayan is massive area of plains and valleys, crisscrossed by Cagayan River that's why the region's means of
livelihood is agriculture and fishing. The
 It is the top producer of corn in the whole country and second in rice production.
REGION III - CENTRAL LUZON
 Central Luzon (Filipino: Gitnáng Luzon, designated as Region III (or Region 3), is central part of Luzon, the
region has the largest plain in the country and produces most of the country's rice supply. Its provinces are
Aurora, Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Tarlac, and Zambales.
 Malolos, Bulacan was the place where the first constitution of an independent Philippines was promulgated
on January 21, 1899.
 Tarlac town became the seat of the Philippine government for one month in March 1899, when Pres.
Aguinaldo left Bulacan to escape approaching US forces.
 Central Luzon is rich in timber and mineral resources (both metallic and non-metallic).
 Aurora is known for its timber;
 Zambales for its refractory chromite, copper and nickel deposits;
 Tarlac for Manganese;
 Bulacan for marble;
 Pampanga for sand and gravel; and
 Nueva Ecija for feldspar.
REGION IV – A – CALABARZON
 CALABARZON is one of the districts of the Philippines. It is additionally assigned as Region IV-An and its
provincial capital is Calamba City in Laguna. The locale is made of five areas, to be specific: CAvite, LAguna,
BAtangas, Rizal, and QueZON;
 It’s where the Philippines’ independence from Spain was first declared in 1898. It’s the birthplace of national
heroes such as Jose Rizal (from Calamba, Laguna), Emilio Aguinaldo (from Kawit, Cavite), Apolinario Mabini
(from Tanauan, Batangas) and Miguel Malvar (from Sto. Tomas, Batangas).
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San Pablo, Laguna is famous for its seven lakes,
Pagsanjan for its majestic and world-famous waterfalls and
Taal Lake in Batangas is a famous tourist destination.
Tayabas City is known as the City of Festivals, Rest and Recreation Destination of Quezon and the Home of
the Finest Lambanog.
Laguna is known for embroidery, wood carving, and papier-mâché (locally known as taka).
REGION IV-B – MIMAROPA
 Mimaropa (usually capitalized in official government documents), formally known as the Southwestern
Tagalog Region, is an administrative region in the Philippines.
 The name is an acronym combination of its constituent provinces: Mindoro (divided into Occidental Mindoro
and Oriental Mindoro), Marinduque, Romblon and Palawan.
 The region’s economy relies mostly on agriculture, fishing and ecotourism. It is one of the producers of the
country’s top export products like rice, banana, coconut, cashew, and papaya. The region is also the second
top producer of fish and seaweed in the country.
 MIMAROPA is one of the busiest regions in terms of tourism.
Region IV-B is home to:
Mindoro Oriental – The Loveliest Harbor in the Island
Mindoro Occidental – The Marine Wonderland
Marinduque – The Lenten Capital
Romblon – The Marble Capital
Palawan – Home of the New Seven Wonders of Nature
REGION V – BICOL REGION
 The NIA Region 5, also known as Bicol Region, consists of six (6) provinces: Albay, Camarines Norte,
Camarines Sur, Sorsogon, and the island-provinces of Catanduanes and Masbate
 Bicol comes from the word 'bico/biko,' which was used to describe the river now known as the Bicol River.
 Goldmining and jewelry manufacture continue to distinguish the province.
 Agriculture is the largest component of the provincial economy.
 Agriculture and fishing are major factors in the province's economy
REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS
 Region VI or Western Visayas is composed of the four provinces of Panay, the Guimaras Island and the
western portion of the island of Negros and its outlying islands. It covers Aklan, Antique, Capiz, Iloilo, Negros
Occidental and Guimaras.
 The regional center is the City of Iloilo.
 Aklan- oldest province in the Philippines. This province is the home of the country's version of Mardi Gras AtiAtihan Festival and gateway to the world's finest beach, the Boracay Island.
 Iloilo- 1st class highly urbanized city in the Western Visayas region of the Philippines, located on the
southeastern coast of the island of Panay; famous products: Batchoy, Biscocho. Dinagyang Festival
 Guimaras: where the sweetest mangoes be found; Manggahan Festival
REGION VII – CENTRAL VISAYAS
 It covers 4 provinces, namely, Bohol, Cebu, Negros Oriental, and Siquijor, as well as 3 highly urbanized cities.
The regional center is the City of Cebu. (annual festival held on the third Sunday of January in Cebu City that
honors the child Jesus, known as the Santo Niño)
 The region is blessed with beautiful beaches, a plethora of sea life, a number of caves and potential areas for
mountain trekking.
 Events ranging from the death of Portugese explorer Ferdinand Magellan at the hands of chieftain Lapulapu
of the island of Opon (known as Mactan Island) to the blood compact between Miguel Lopez de Legaspi and
Datu Sikatuna and Sigala as well as other significant events will make a visit to the region very interesting.
 It is dubbed as the geothermal capital of the Philippines because of its abundant geothermal power reserve.
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Ukulele is a famous byproduct of Cebu.
REGION VIII – EASTERN VISAYAS
 The region consists of six provinces: Leyte, Biliran, Southern Leyte,West Samar, Eastern Samar and Northern
Samar.
 Its two main islands: Leyte and Samar are connected by San Juanico Bridge, the second longest bridge in
Southeast Asia.
 The region figured prominently in the Philippine history. The first catholic mass was celebrated in Limasawa,
Southern Leyte on March 31, 1951.;
 The discovery of the Philippines by Western voyagers was led by Magellan in 1521 in Homonhon Island,
Eastern Samar.
 It is dubbed as the geothermal capital of the Philippines because of its abundant geothermal power reserve.
REGION IX– ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA
 The region consists of three provinces (Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, and Zamboanga Sibugay)
and two autonomous urban areas (Isabela City and Zamboanga City).
 The ZAMBOANGA Peninsula was known as Sibugay or Sibuguey during the coming of the Spanish
conquistadors. And later on was changed into Zamboanga from the capital town of the province which
derived it's name from the Malay word “Sambangan'' meaning: a place where wildflowers grow
REGION X- NORTHERN MINDANAO
 It comprises 5 provinces namely Camiguin, Bukidnon, Lanao Del Norte, Misamis Occidental and Misamis
Oriental. It has 2 highly urbanized cities which are Cagayan de Oro City and Iligan City
 Camiguin- home of the sweetest Lanzones ; Lanzones Festival
REGION XI- DAVAO REGION
 Davao Region is the 11th region of the Philippines that is situated at the South- Eastern part of Mindanao. It
comprises 5 provinces; 1. Compostela Valley 2. Davao Del Norte 3. Davao Del Sur 4. Davao Oriental 5.
Davao Occidental.
 Many historians believe that the name "Davao'' is actually the mixture of the three names that three different
tribes, the earliest settlers in the region, had for the Davao River. The Manobos, an aboriginal tribe, referred
to the Davao River as Davohoho. Another tribe, the Bagobos, referred to the river as Davohaha, which means
"fire", while another tribe, the Guiangan tribe, called the river Duhwow.
 Durian is widely known as the “King of Fruits”, and is abundant in Davao.
 In the entire country, Davao Region has been known as the “Banana Capital”, with the province of Davao del
Norte being the top producer.
 Davao Oriental is the leading coconut producer in the Philippines.
REGION XII- SOCCKSARGEN REGION
 comprises 4 provinces; 1. South Cotabato 2. Cotabato Province 3. Saranggani 4. Sultan Kudarat
 serves as the main source of hydroelectric power for Mindanao
The following are the lists of the major industries in the region;
• Coconut Industry Tourism Industry
• Coffee Industry Banana Industry
• Cassava Industry Aquamarine Industry
• Fruit/Vegetable Industry Processing Industries