4 Lesson Exemplar in Science PILOT IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MATATAG K TO 10 CURRICULUM Quarter 3 Les Lesson 1 1 Lesson Exemplar for Science Grade 7 Quarter 3: Lesson 1 (for Weeks 1-3) SY 2023-2024 This material is intended exclusively for the use of teachers participating in the pilot implementation of the MATATAG K to 10 Curriculum during the School Year 2023-2024. It aims to assist in delivering the curriculum content, standards, and lesson competencies. Any unauthorized reproduction, distribution, modification, or utilization of this material beyond the designated scope is strictly prohibited and may result in appropriate legal actions and disciplinary measures. Borrowed content included in this material are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been made to locate and obtain permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and development team do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Development Team Writer: • Jessa V. Logronio (Silliman University) Validator: • Edwin Auditor (Philippine Normal University - Manila) Management Team Philippine Normal University Research Center for Teacher Quality SiMERR National Research Centre Every care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the information provided in this material. For inquiries or feedback, please write or call the Office of the Director of the Bureau of Learning Resources via telephone numbers (02) 8634-1072 and 8631-6922 or by email at blr.od@deped.gov.ph. 2 SCIENCE/QUARTER 3/ GRADE 4 I. CURRICULUM CONTENT, STANDARDS, AND LESSON COMPETENCIES A. Content Standards The learners learn that: 1. Science processes help in observing and predicting how things move. 2. Pushes and pulls can change the position and shape of objects. 3. Gathering scientific information helps explain the behavior of objects and materials. 4. Magnets affect some objects and materials without touching them. B. Performance Standards By the end of the quarter, learners use simple equipment and processes to measure and record data related to movement and describe and predict the way things around them move using more scientifically technical language and concepts, such as speed and force. They demonstrate an understanding that science processes are used to gain a deeper understanding about forces that cannot be seen directly, including the properties of magnets. C. Learning Competencies and Objectives Learning Competency 1: The learners participate in guided activities to discover and predict how rigid and soft objects can be moved and/or changed in shape. The learners will be able to: 1. Lesson Objective 1: identify rigid and soft objects based on physical characteristics; 2. Lesson Objective 2: classify objects as rigid and soft objects; 3. Lesson Objective 3: define force as a push or a pull exerted on an object; 4. Lesson Objective 4: describe forces using arrows in given situations; 5. Lesson Objective 5: identify forces in our daily tasks; 6. Lesson Objective 6: investigate how rigid and soft objects respond to applied forces. Learning Competency 2: The learners determine how forces can change the shape of objects, such as when they are pushed, pulled, stretched, bent, twisted, or squeezed; The learners will be able to: 1. Lesson Objective 1: predict the amount of force needed to move an object and change an object’s shape 2. Lesson Objective 2: describe what happens to an object when it is pushed, pulled, stretched, bent, twisted, and squeezed. Learning Competency 3: The learners identify examples of how objects can affect other objects even when they are not in contact with each other, such as magnets attracting other objects Learning Competency 4: The learners carry out guided investigations to identify the properties of magnets, including how they affect other magnets and objects made of different materials. The learners will be able to: 1 1. Lesson Objective 1: identify common magnetic materials (e.g., iron, steel, nickel) and non-magnetic materials 2. Lesson Objective 2: recognize that magnets’ opposite poles attract while like poles repel 3. Lesson Objective 3: identify and describe key properties of magnets, such as polarity, strength, and the ability to attract certain objects Learning Competency 5: The learners participate in guided activities to demonstrate that pushes and pulls can be used to change the speed and direction of an object including making it go faster, turn it to a different direction, slow it down, and stop it. Learning Competency 6: The learners demonstrate through guided activities that pushes and pulls can be used to change the speed and direction of an object. The learners will be able to: 1. Lesson Objective 1: describe the effects of pushes and pulls applied to objects at rest or in motion describe the effects of varying the force applied to objects D. Content Effects of Forces on an Object 1. What is a Force? ● Describing Force 2. Force Exerted by a Magnet (Force at a Distance) ● Properties of a Magnet 3. What Can Forces Do? a. Forces can move an object b. Forces can change the motion of an object Forces can change the shape of an object E. Integration Safety – When pushing or pulling, one must be aware of the direction of force and movement of the object. Responsibility (Grade 3 GMRC & VE): Students understand their responsibilities at home and school. 2 II. LEARNING RESOURCES ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Diagram showing magnetic force with attract and repel Free Vector. (2021, November 17). Freepik. https://tinyurl.com/ypmw9fkb Booth, G., McDuell, B., & Sears, J. (1999). World of Science: Students’. OUP Oxford. Department of Education. (2023). MATATAG Curriculum in Science. DepEd Complex, Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines. Embile, R., & Gongora, K. (2023). Science and the New World 4. Jo-es Publishing House, Inc. force. (n.d.). Britannica Kids. https://kids.britannica.com/learners/article/force/323538#:~:text=A%20force%20is%20an%20action Fun with Magnets! (n.d.). YouTube. https://bit.ly/40MkzDW Is the Earth a magnet? | U.S. Geological Survey. (2020b, September 11). https://tinyurl.com/3c6ep33b Lenin’s Science Experiments. (2018, February 8). How Force can change Position, motion, shape, size and direction of objects | Effects of Force [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L9KY43hDSzI Magnetic field experiment with magnet bars Free Vector. (2019, October 31). Freepik. https://tinyurl.com/5yc8a3ed Freepik (n.d.). Discover the best free graphic resources about magnet with the same poles, 81,716 results. https://tinyurl.com/ycy7hser Manaher, S. (2023, August 9). Soft vs Rigid: Do These Mean The Same? How To Use Them. The Content Authority. https://thecontentauthority.com/blog/soft-vs-rigid K5 Learning. (n.d.). Magnets. https://www.k5learning.com/science-worksheets/third-grade-3/electricity-magnetism/magnetis Magnet and magnetism. (n.d.). Britannica Kids. https://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/Magnet-and-Magnetism/353411 Magnets and Magnetism | Magnets Video for kids. (n.d.). YouTube. https://bit.ly/3R4kU1C Mrs Smalley. (2022, January 10). Magnet Max - Read by Mrs Smalley [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oYKHnQEZLhI Monica Lozano Hughes, & Weinstein, H. (2015). Magnet Max. Brown Books Publishing Group. 3 III. TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCEDURE A. Activating Prior Knowledge NOTES TO TEACHERS 1. Short Review A. Think-Ink-Share: Pushing & Pulling Experiences Instruct the students to think about the following questions and make individual written responses in their science notebooks. After writing their responses, they will share their answers with their seatmates. ● "Have you ever experienced being pushed or pulled by somebody?" ● "Have you encountered situations where objects were pushed or pulled?" ● "Have you been involved in pushing or pulling something or someone?" ● "In your experiences, was anyone hurt due to pushing or pulling?" Start by introducing the ThinkInk-Share activity and explaining its purpose. Emphasize that reflecting on personal experiences can help them grasp pushing and pulling more effectively. Guide the students to review the concepts of pushing and pulling by sharing their personal experiences related to these actions. Allow them to recall and discuss these experiences with a seatmate. Following the sharing, invite volunteers to discuss their experiences with the whole class. Emphasize safety, especially when incidents involve someone getting hurt, prompting students to think about safety precautions when pushing or pulling objects or people. Students' responses may include pushing and pulling experiences when they play with friends in the playground or with their siblings or cousins at home. 4 They may also mention students pushing when they are crowded during line formation or during dismissal. Remind them to maintain enough distance from other students during dismissal or assemblies to avoid getting hurt or accidentally pushing others. Be sensitive to students' responses, especially when they were hurt by their experiences. B. Establishing Lesson Purpose 1. Lesson Purpose a. Self-Assessment Instructions: Read the listed learning targets below. Instruct the students to assess themselves to see if they have developed these skills already and rate themselves according to the guide below. They write their ratings in the column Before Learning the Lesson. After learning the lesson, we will go back to this. I still need help to do this. I can do this by myself. I can do this by myself and in different ways. Learning Targets Before Learning the Lesson 1. I can identify rigid and soft objects based on their physical characteristics. 2. I can describe the characteristics of rigid and soft objects. 5 After Learning the Lesson Guide the learners in answering the Self-Assessment activity. As a class, review each learning target on the list and ask them to rate themselves individually. After they answer each item, ask how many rated themselves with one, two, or three stars. Let them raise their hands or stand to be identified. This gives an idea of how many need to learn more about the lesson and how many have already developed the skills. You may ask them to copy the table with the learning targets in their notebook since this will be revisited at the end of the lesson. 3. I can classify objects as rigid or soft objects. 4. I can define force as a push or pull exerted on an object. 5. I can describe forces using arrows in given situations. 6. I can identify forces in our daily tasks. 7. I can investigate how rigid and soft objects respond to applied forces. 2. Unlocking Content Area Vocabulary Anagram Game: Unscramble the Letters! Instructions: Rearrange the letters in each anagram to form the correct vocabulary word. After unlocking the vocabulary words in this game, ask the learners to write a keyword related to the unlocked work or draw a symbol to represent the word in the third column of the table. Part 1: Anagram 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Answer Mtneovem Stangem Girdi bojetcs Sotf bjsceto Froce Related Keyword or a Symbol In the unlocking of vocabulary, encourage students to think of a keyword that relates to the given term, or they can draw a symbol that also relates to the word. If they can, they may give both the keyword and the symbol. Answer Key: 1. Mtneovem → Movement 2. Stangem → Magnets 3. Girdi bojetcs → Rigid objects 4. Sotf bjsceto → Soft objects 5. Froce → Force Here are examples of keywords and symbols that relate to each term: 1. Movement - “walking”, “running”, etc. Symbol: arrow or a running figure 6 2. Magnets - “attraction” Symbol: magnet 3. Rigid Objects - "stiff" or "hard" Symbol: solid block 4. Soft Objects - "squishy" Symbol: pillow 5. Force -"push" or "pull" Symbol: arrows in opposite directions Part 2: Term 1. Movement 2. Magnets 3. Rigid objects 4. Soft objects 5. Force The symbols given here are only samples of possible symbols. Definition is the change in the position of an object over time. A magnet is a natural rock or a metal object capable of attracting specific types of metal towards it. Objects that are hard and cannot be easily bent, deformed, or compressed. Objects that can be easily bent, deformed, or compressed. Push/pull 7 Symbol You may conduct these preliminary activities from the short review to the unlocking of content area vocabulary on Day 1. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding SUB-TOPIC 1: WHAT IS A FORCE? Timeframe: 2 days 1. Explicitation Relate the learners’ responses on the Think-Ink-Share: Pushing & Pulling Experiences to the first sub-topic: What is a Force? a. Force Brainstorm Activity: Ask the learners what comes to mind when they hear the word force. Then, they share their ideas with their seatmates and write them on a piece of sticky paper or colored paper with tape. Ask them to post their paper on the board around the word force. Summarize and connect their ideas to the scientific definition of force. A force is an action that changes or maintains the motion of a body or object. It is either a push or a pull. Forces can change an object's speed, its direction, and even its shape. Before learning further about forces, ask the students what they need to do first if they need to conduct an experiment using certain materials. Tell them that scientists explore, describe, and try to discover more about the things around us. Similarly, students start exploring the things around them by describing and classifying them based on their characteristics. For this lesson, they will focus on soft and rigid object b. Activity 1: Rigid and Soft Materials Instruct the students to answer Activity 1: Rigid and Soft Materials. Assign each student a partner for this activity. Each pair is asked to observe the listed objects/materials in the classroom, describe their characteristics, like size and texture, and classify them as rigid or soft objects based on their characteristics. Ask them to write their answers on the worksheet. Synthesize the activity by discussing their answers to the following process questions: 1. When can you say an object is rigid? 2. What are the physical properties of soft objects? 3. Why is it important to distinguish between soft and rigid objects? 8 SUB-TOPIC 1: Recall learners’ responses in the first activity, Think-Ink-Share: Pushing & Pulling Experiences. To elicit further ideas about force, conduct the brainstorming activity. Use their answers to introduce the definition of force. In the following activities, students will work in groups to promote collaboration and share ideas with their group mates. Use Activity 1 to build students’ concepts of rigid and soft objects. You may expand the list or replace some materials based on what is available. Suggested materials include the chair, table, leaf, stone, shelf, floor, paper, bread, sponge, door knob, cotton, and cloth. Discuss their answers to the process questions to clarify their basis for classifying an object as soft or rigid. Encourage students to explore and engage with the objects in a respectful manner. Remind them not to disturb or damage any items in the classroom. Possible answers to Activity 1 guide questions. 1. An object is considered rigid if it is hard and cannot be easily bent, deformed, or compressed. 2. Soft objects can be easily bent, deformed, or compressed. 3. It is important to distinguish between soft and rigid objects because it determines how much force is needed to change their shape, move, stop, or change their direction. When we know an object is rigid, we can exercise caution to avoid getting hurt or injured in pulling or pushing it. Activity 1 Classification of Objects: 9 Soft Rigid Leaf Chair Paper Table Bread Stone Sponge Shelf Cotton Floor Cloth Door Knob 2. Worked Example: After defining force, guide students to describe forces by drawing arrows in a diagram to indicate where the force is directed and by writing a phrase including who applies the force to what object. The phrase is given in this pattern: something or someone pushes or pulls an object or person. A force can be represented by an arrow in a diagram. The arrowhead shows the direction of the force. The arrows representing forces may be directed upward ↑, downward ↓, to the right or forward →, to the left or backward ←, or diagonally, depending on the force applied. a. Activity 2: Describing Force In Activity 2: Describing Force, students will learn to identify and describe different forces acting on objects and represent these forces using arrows to indicate direction After completing the activity, lead a class discussion to reinforce the concepts learned. Ask students to share their drawings and discuss their answers to the following questions: 1. How would you represent a pushing force in a diagram? What about a pulling force? 2. Can you identify situations in which forces are balanced or equal? How would you draw the arrows for balanced or equal forces? Use Activity 2 to develop students' skills in describing forces in their daily activities. Go through the first scenario together as a class. Discuss the forces acting on the object and model how to use arrows to represent these forces. Allow students to work individually or in pairs to complete the remaining scenarios on the worksheet. Circulate the classroom to provide support, answer questions, and ensure students are correctly representing forces with arrows. Ensure students understand that arrows represent both the direction and strength of forces. But for this level, they are not required to measure the length of the arrow. You may tell them 10 that a short arrow represents a small force and a long arrow represents a big force. 3. Lesson Activity a. Activity 3: Forces in My Everyday Life Deepen students’ understanding of forces by asking them to identify different forces present in their everyday lives. Ask them to answer Activity 3: Forces in My Everyday Life. Ask each student to illustrate four situations wherein they do actions (that apply a push or a pull) to accomplish daily tasks at home or at school. They must draw arrows to show where the force is directed and label or caption each situation using the pattern: I am pushing/pulling an object + direction. Discuss their answers to the process questions below: 1. What is the most important task you do daily? Why? 2. Why is it good for you to do different daily actions? Summarize the lesson's key points, emphasizing how understanding forces in everyday life is essential. Encourage students to remain observant of forces in action around them and consider how these forces impact their daily activities. Possible answers to Activity 2 guide questions. 1. I represented a pushing or pulling force in the diagram using arrow. 2. Yes, if my friend and I are pulling both ends of a rope in a tug-o-war with equal forces. The arrows representing our forces are two equal arrows in opposite directions. Use Activity 3 to deepen their understanding of the forces in their daily activities. Go through the first scenario together as a class. Give them enough time to think about their situations in their daily lives. Establish deeper connections between the word force and learners' daily activities at home or school to accomplish tasks. This activity reminds them of home and school responsibilities, like cleaning, washing, sweeping the floor, and other chores. Key points of the lesson: 11 1. Forces are Everywhere: Forces are all around us, influencing how objects move and interact. 2. Impact on Daily Activities: Forces influence how we interact with objects around us, like pushing a shopping cart, pulling a rolling backpack, or playing with friends. 3. Applying Scientific Processes: By observing how things move, we can better understand the forces at play in our environment. SUB-TOPIC 2: FORCE EXERTED BY A MAGNET (A NON-CONTACT FORCE) Timeframe: 3 days 1. Explicitation Introduce this lesson on magnets by asking if it is possible to push or pull an object without touching it. a. Did You Know? Motivate students to learn more about magnets by giving fun facts about magnets. Did you know that the Earth is a large magnet? The Earth possesses a magnetic north and magnetic south, with invisible lines of magnetic force extending from the north to the south. 12 SUB-TOPIC 2: Students’ answers may include magic, having superpowers, and magnetism. If students mention magnets, ask more questions about what they already know. Tell them that there are forces in nature that can push or pull objects without touching them. For this lesson on magnets, you will need magnets. You may conduct the activities in groups with five to ten magnets. Always remind students to think of safety first, and they should help each activities. b. What Do You Know? Engage students in a discussion about what they know about magnets using the questions below: 1. Do you have an object with you right now or at home that has a magnet? What is it used for? 2. How does a magnet affect other objects? 3. What kinds of objects are attracted to a magnet? c. What Will You Know? Anticipation-Reaction Guide Below are statements about magnets. On the column before the statements, put a check [/] mark if you agree with the statement and an X if otherwise. Do not answer the column after the statements. Before (Anticipation) Statement After (Reaction) 1. All metals are attracted to magnets. 2. Magnets can lose their magnetic properties over time. 3. All metals are attracted to magnets. 4. You can cut a magnet in half to create two separate magnets. 5. Magnets have a single pole, either north or south. d. Class Interaction Discuss with the students what magnets are and their basic properties, such as having poles (north and south), the ability to attract certain materials, and the concept of repulsion between like poles. 13 other in group You may look for other fun facts about magnets. If you have a globe, you may also show it to them. Establish connections between the lesson and their knowledge by asking the guided questions. 1. Students’ responses may vary and include a ref magnet or magnetic lock of a wallet. 2. A magnet can attract objects if they are within the magnet's magnetic field. 3. Magnets attract objects made of iron, nickel, or cobalt. For now, ask the students to answer the Before column. All answers are accepted as this is based on what they know so far. Make sure to return to it when you finish the activities on magnets. In the After column, students must respond to what they have learned. 2. Worked Example a. Story-telling: Magnet Max Present the story titled Magnet Max. You may use the Magnet Max - Read by Mrs Smalley on YouTube. It’s written by Monica Lozano Hughes and illustrated by Holly Weinstein. There once was a boy named Magnet Max, who wanted to test what magnets attract. He loved to explore with objects galore to see what kinds of things would react. One sunny day, Magnet Max went to play at Nick’s house. Nick did not know this great find. Max showed him the habit of his wonderful magnet. Watching it work blew Nick’s mind! “Wow,” Nick yelled. “That’s swell!” The magnet’s powers gave him a thrill. Magnet Max made no reply. With the wink of an eye, he made his magnet attract at his will. Nick leaped up with glee at the magic, you see, and asked, “How do you get them to stick?” “Magnets give off a magnetic field,” Max replied. “They stick to anything, like iron or steel, real quick!” “If you please, even nickel and cobalt can be attracted with ease. There are so many possibilities!” “These are metals that can be part of many things, such as rings, and being magnetic is key.” So on that day, the boys decided to play by searching for things they could find. They looked for metal objects all about, in and out, and found many items. A paper clip, the refrigerator, a nail and a bolt were attached to the magnet with force. 14 Reiterate that there are forces that do not require contact with an object. They are called noncontact forces, which will be covered in Grade 5. A magnet is a rock or a metal that can attract other metals. Its force is called magnetic force, which can pull magnetic objects without touching them. Magnets come in different shapes and sizes, but they have the same properties. They have poles (north and south) where their magnetic force is strongest. Around the magnet is a magnetic field within which its magnetic force acts. Use a short story to present some information about magnets. You may play the video if you can project it or read the story yourself. Make sure to give them the guide question before starting. Ask them to write their answers in the science notebook. Please unlock the meaning of terms that students are not familiar with. Before reading the story, give the guide questions to the students so they can take note of answers from the story. Nick exclaimed, “Goodness sakes! I’m amazed at the magic it makes! Can we get it to stick to a horse?” But a shoe, a ball, a plant, and a doll could not stick to the magnet, of course. “These items are not magnetic or kinetic,” said Max. “They don’t have the special force.” You may use the link or the QR code below to access the story on YouTube: The day had gone by as they searched far and wide in the house for more objects to test. They heard Nick’s mom call from way down the hall. “Max, your mom says it’s time to go rest.” Max and Nick said, “Aw man!” “We’ve just begun. We aren’t done. We were just about to test out a comb!” They both looked at the magnet, wanting more to explore. It was time for Max to go home. Then Max said, “How about we hang out tomorrow, and we can continue our play?” As Nick walked home, he thought of what they suggested and tested and how fun it was to explore today. Max wanted to share his tool, that’s so cool so other kids could feel the same joy. He lay down in bed to relax. Then, closing his eyes, he dreamed of how wise he would be as the explorer Magnet Max! Before proceeding to the next activity, ask the students to answer the guide questions about the story: 1. Who are the characters? What did they do to magnets? 2. How do magnets affect other objects? 3. What kinds of objects are attracted to a magnet? Discuss students’ answers to the guide questions. Discuss with them the properties of magnets, such as polarity, strength, and ability to attract certain materials without touching them. 15 Link: http://bit.ly/3T4AcVR Answers to the guide questions: 1. The characters are Max and Nick. They tested what materials are attracted to Max’s magnet. 2. Magnets can pull magnetic materials. 3. The magnet attracted a paper clip, a refrigerator, a nail, and a bolt. b. Activity 4: Will it attract? Begin the next activity by discussing with students the concept of magnetism and how magnets attract certain materials. Introduce the activity by telling the students that they will be identifying objects attracted and not attracted to a magnet. In Activity 4: Will it attract? they are presented with pictures of magnetic and non-magnetic objects. They will draw a line from the magnet to the things it will attract. Discuss their answers to the process questions: 1. Which objects are attracted to the magnet? Why? 2. Which objects are not attracted to the magnet? Why? Show the YouTube video Fun with Magnets. Guide students to come up with this conclusion: magnets attract materials made of iron, nickel, and cobalt, and materials that do not contain these metals are non-magnetic like wood, plastic, cloth, etc. Answers to Activity 4 process questions: 1. The paper clip, the nail, and the keys are attracted to the magnet because they are magnetic metals. 2. The pencil, eraser, wooden chair, paper, and crayons are not attracted to the magnet because they are nonmagnetic materials. You may use the link or the QR code below to access the video on YouTube: https://bit.ly/40MkzDW 16 3. Lesson Activity Introduce the idea of a "Magnet Treasure Hunt" and explain that they will be exploring the classroom or designated area to find objects with magnetic properties. a. Activity 5: Magnet Treasure Hunt In activity 5, you will need two magnets with the north and south poles labeled. You may group the students according to the number of magnets available. Activity 5A: Magnetic or NonMagnetic A. Magnetic or Non-Magnetic 1. Divide the students into small groups or pairs and provide each group with a bar magnet or any available magnet, a container of objects, and a worksheet for recording observations. 2. Instruct the students to use the magnet to explore the objects in their container. They should test each object to determine whether it is magnetic or non-magnetic. They should categorize the objects into "Magnetic" and "Non-Magnetic." Process Questions: 1. How did you decide which materials belonged to the group that is attracted to magnets and which ones did not? 2. What are the characteristics of the objects attracted to the magnet? 3. Why do you think certain materials are attracted to magnets while others are not? Magnetic Non-magnetic paper clip iron nail keys metal keychain eraser crayons paper cloth plastic coins Possible answers to the process questions in Activity 5A: 1. The materials that got stuck into the magnet when placed near it are classified as magnetic while the ones that did not get stuck to the magnets are the nonmagnetic. 17 2. The objects attracted to the magnet are magnetic metals. The ones that are not attracted to the magnet are made of paper, plastic, cloth, and other non-magnetic materials. B. Magnets Push or Pull 1. Students will explore how magnets react with other magnets. Before conducting the activity, they must predict what will happen if the magnets’ poles are placed next to each other. Activity Prediction South to South Place two magnets 5 centimeters away with both south poles facing each other. Activity 5B: Magnets Push or Pull Predictions a. The two magnets will push each other away. b. The two magnets will push each other away. c. The two magnets will attract each other. Synthesis: Bring the class together for a synthesis activity where students share their findings and discuss any patterns or surprises in the magnetic and non-magnetic materials they discovered. North to North Place two magnets 5 centimeters away with both north poles facing each other. Ask students to consider how the properties of magnets, such as polarity and attraction/repulsion, were demonstrated during the treasure hunt. Extended Practice: North to South Place two magnets 5 centimeters away, with the south pole of one magnet facing the other magnet's north pole. 18 2. Conduct the activities given in the table below to observe how magnets behave. Write your observations and illustrate what you observe. Use arrows to indicate if magnets pull or push each other away. Explore further by moving the magnets closer or farther from each other. Activity Observation and Illustration South to South Place two magnets 5 centimeters away with both south poles facing each other. Extend the learning by challenging students to create their own "Magnet Treasure Hunt" at home. They can involve family members, categorize objects, and present their findings to the class, briefly explaining their process. Provide additional magnetic and non-magnetic materials for further exploration, including items with varying shapes, sizes, and compositions. Differentiation: For students who grasp the concepts quickly, introduce a more advanced extension by exploring the magnetic field around different objects using iron filings, or experiment with the strengths of magnets and how they influence their ability to attract objects. Offer additional support and guidance for students who may need it by providing clear instructions, using visual aids, or conducting a small group treasure hunt with a teacher's assistance. North to North Place two magnets 5 centimeters away with both north poles facing each other. North to South or South to North Place two magnets 5 centimeters away, with the south pole of one magnet facing the north pole of the other magnet. 19 South to South Place two magnets 5 centimeters away with both south poles facing each other. Process questions: 1. What are the characteristics of objects attracted to the magnet? What about the ones not attracted to the magnet? 2. What have you observed when you moved the magnets closer or away from each other? 3. What conclusion can you draw about magnets based on this activity? 20 Possible answers to Activity 5B process questions: 1. When we moved the two magnets with unlike poles farther, they no longer attracted each other, but when we moved them closer they pulled each other fast. 2. Magnets can attract magnetic materials at a certain distance. Moving a magnet away or close to a magnetic material changes its magnetic force. c. Video Presentation: Show the class the YouTube video titled Magnets and Magnetism | Magnets Video for Kids to combine all lessons learned about magnets. Magnets exert a force of attraction on materials containing iron, steel, nickel, or cobalt. Additionally, magnets can draw other rigid magnets closer or push them away (repel). This happens because of the magnet’s two contrasting ends, or poles: a north pole and a south pole. North poles are drawn to the south poles of other magnets while they repel other north poles, and south poles exhibit similar behavior, attracting north poles and repelling other south poles. You may use the link or the QR code below to access the Magnets and Magnetism | Magnets Video for Kids video on YouTube: Link: https://bit.ly/3R4kU1C Picture Link: https://tinyurl.com/ypmw9fkb 21 SUB-TOPIC 3: WHAT CAN FORCES DO? Timeframe: 4 days a. Force can Move an Object at rest b. Force can Change the Motion of an Object c. Force can Change the Shape of an Object 1. Explicitation a. Class Interaction Ask the learners, “What can forces do?” Engage the students in a discussion to elicit their ideas on what forces can do. Present the following concept map to summarize the initial discussion on what forces can do. Effects of Forces on an Object Move an object at rest Stop a moving object Change the speed and direction of a moving object Change the size or shape of an object Can be done by stretching, bending, twisting, squeezing 22 SUB-TOPIC 3: After defining and describing force and learning about the force exerted by a magnet, lead the students into subtopic 3 by starting a class discussion about what forces can do. Use the concept map summarize their answers. to When a force is applied to an object, many things can happen. 1. Force can move an object at rest. Ex. Kicking a ball on the ground 2. Force can stop a moving object. Ex. Catching a ball passed to you by a friend 3. Force can change the speed and direction of a moving object. Ex. Receiving a volleyball 4. Force can change the size of an object. Ex. Stretching a rubber band or a spring 5. Force can change the shape of an object. Ex. Squeezing a play dough or a calamansi Encourage the students to give other examples of what forces can do. Before proceeding to the following activities, tell them that the scientific skills of observing and predicting will be used in this activity. Tell the students to observe carefully what happens to the object in the activity. Guide them to observe if there are changes in the object’s size, shape, or state of motion. b. Activity 6: Forces Cause Change Introduce the idea that different objects may require different amounts of force to move or change shape. Instructions: Assign students to work in pairs or triads. Ask them to apply a force to the objects listed in the tables below. Before conducting the activity, ask them to predict how much force (small, medium, or big force) is needed to move the rigid objects and to change the shape of the soft objects. 23 The state of motion of an object tells us if it is moving or at rest. When it is at rest, it is not moving or changing position from its original position. It’s also called a stationary object. Guide the students in making their predictions on how much force (small, medium, or big force) is needed to move the rigid objects and to change the shape of the soft objects. Tell them to conduct several trials varying the amount of force applied. Again, emphasize safety at all times. A. Can I Move it? Rigid Objects Predictions Observations Predictions Observations 1. Chair 2. Door 3. Shelf B. Can I Change it? Soft Objects 1. Paper 2. Clay 3. Rubber band Process questions: 1. Which object required a bigger force to move? Why? 2. How did you distinguish your force as small, medium, or large? Synthesis: Ask the groups to share their answers to the process questions with the class. Extended Practice: Challenge learners to design their experiments to test the effects of forces on specific objects. Differentiation: For learners who need additional support, provide guided worksheets with prompts to help them think through the prediction and observation process. For learners who grasp the concepts quickly, encourage them to explore advanced scenarios, such as the impact of combining different forces on an object. 2. Worked Example 24 Activity 6 predictions: A. 1. I can move the chair with a medium force. 2. I can move the door with a medium push. 3. I can push the shelf with a big force. B. 1. I can change the shape of the paper by crumpling it (small force). 2. I can change the shape of the clay by rolling, bending, and twisting it with medium force. 3. I can change the rubber band’s shape by stretching it with a medium force. Answers to the process questions: 1. The shelf required a bigger force to move because it’s heavy. 2. I distinguished the small, medium, and big forces by doing many trials in varying my force. Applying the big force is tiring, depending on whether the object is heavy. Forces can cause change. A push or a pull exerted on an object can cause it to start moving if it is at rest, stop moving, change its direction, and even shape. a. Activity 7: Forces Demonstration Instructions: Demonstrate to the class how force can cause changes in an object. Students are asked to complete the Cause-and-Effect organizer to identify what happens to the object in the demonstration and the action that caused the effect. Before conducting each demonstration, ask the students to predict what will happen to the object in each demonstration if a force is applied. The demonstrations are based on this video: How Force can change Position, motion, shape, size, and direction of objects | Effects of Force. Demo 1: Putting something to block a moving toy car on the table. Demo 2: Pressing clay with both hands on the table. Demo 3: Pushing a ball forward and backward with both hands on a table. Link: https://bit.ly/3G77602 In Activity 7, students will explore the concept of forces by making predictions about how objects around them move and then observe and understand the role of forces in the demonstrations. 25 3. Lesson Activity The learners conduct the Activity: Forces in Action in groups. a. Activity 8: Forces in Action A. Move or Stop Me Instructions: Using a ball, show how force can move an object at rest and change how an object moves. Activity What Happened to the Object 1. Put a ball on the table. Make sure it does not move. Apply a small force to roll the ball on the table. 2. Push a ball slightly on the table or floor. Put something to block it 60 centimeters from where it started. 3. Push a ball slightly on the table or floor. Using your other hand, push it in the opposite direction when it reaches 50 centimeters. 4. Constantly push a ball while it's moving on the table or floor. Encourage students to relate the forces they observed during the activity to real-life situations. Have them identify instances in their environment where forces are at play and discuss how understanding these forces can be useful in everyday life. Assign the students their groups ahead of time. The day before the activity, you may assign each group to bring a ruler, a small ball, and a modelling clay (if they have one). If nobody in the group can bring the needed materials, consider changing the ball to a toy car or anything that easily rolls and a flour dough instead of clay. Guide the students in measuring the distance given in numbers 2 and 3 in Activity 8A. Here are some possible responses to Activity 8A. 1. The ball at rest started to move. 2. The ball bounced back after hitting the block, or the ball may stop. 3. The moving ball moves in the opposite direction. 26 4. The ball moves faster compared to the ball in number 1. B. Mold Me Instructions: Using clay, show how force can change the shape of an object. Activity What changes in the object (Put a check √ mark) Size Shape 1. Roll the clay on the table more than five times 2. Bend the clay 3. Stretch the clay without breaking it 4. Twist the clay 5. Squeeze the clay Process questions: 1. Give two real-life examples of situations when we need to change the shape of an object. 2. Why do we need to understand how our pushing and pulling forces affect things around us? 27 Here are some possible responses to Activity 8B. 1. size and shape 2. shape 3. size and shape 4. shape 5. shape Possible answers to the process questions: 1. Real-life examples of situations when we need to change the shape of an object include making bread & making clay pots. 2. We need to understand how our pushing and pulling forces affect things around us because we might damage or break an object if we apply too much force. D. Making Generalizations 1. Learners’ Takeaways Real-life Connection ● Why do we need to be aware of how the things around us are moving? ● Why is it important to learn how forces affect how things move? ● What important scientific skills have you developed in this lesson? Why do you need to develop them? Values Integration How can you ensure safety when doing your daily tasks that involve pushing or pulling objects? What are your responsibilities at home and school? Why do you think you’re assigned these responsibilities at a young age? 2. Reflection on Learning a. 3-2-1 Exit Ticket Learners are asked to reflect on their learning using the 3-2-1 Exit Ticket. After completing the exit slip, they are asked to share their answers with a seatmate. When everyone is done sharing, a few volunteers are called to share their discussion with their seatmates. 28 The students, at this point, will reflect on their learning by answering the 3-2-1 Exit Ticket. This will allow them to map out what they have learned, what they want to learn more about, and the questions that they still have from the lesson. IV. EVALUATING LEARNING: FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT AND TEACHER’S REFLECTION A. Evaluating Learning 1. Formative Assessment I. True or False. Carefully read the statements below. Write True if the statement is true; otherwise, write False on the blank space before each number. ___________ 1. A force is a push or pull applied to an object. ___________ 2. A doorknob is an example of a rigid object. ___________ 3. A magnet has two poles. ___________ 4. Stretching an object makes it long permanently. ___________ 5. When an object is pulled, it always moves towards the direction of the pull. II. Multiple Choice. Carefully read the questions below. Choose the correct answer from the choices below each question. Encircle the letter corresponding to the correct answer. 1. Which of the following objects is a soft object? a. door c. clay b. rock d. floor 2. What are the two poles of a magnet called? a) east pole and west pole c) red pole and blue pole b) north pole and south pole d) top pole and bottom pole 3. Which of the following materials is attracted to a magnet? a) glass c) iron b) plastic d) wood 4. What will happen if two magnets are oriented, as shown below? 29 NOTES TO TEACHERS Answer Key I. True or False 1. True 2. True 3. True 4. False 5. False II. Multiple Choice 1. c 2. b 3. c 4. b 5. a a) They will attract. b) They will repel. c) Nothing will happen. d) They will fall. 5. A boy stretches a rubber band by pulling it. What happens to the rubber band due to the pulling force? a) It becomes longer. c) iron b) It becomes shorter. d) wood III. Matching Type. Study the pictures below. Match the given picture in Column A to the change it illustrates due to the push/pull applied. Draw a line from the picture to the change illustrated in the picture. Column A Column B a. Change in shape 1. b. Moves an object that was not moving 2. 30 III. Matching Type 1. b 2. a 3. c 4. d c. Stops an object that was moving 3. d. Changes the direction of a moving object 4. B. Teacher’s Remarks Note observations on any of the following areas: Effective Practices Strategies explored Materials used Learner engagement/ interaction Others C. Teacher’s Reflection Reflection guide or prompt can be on: ▪ Principles behind the teaching What principles and beliefs informed my lesson? Why did I teach the lesson the way I did? ▪ Students 31 Problems Encountered What roles did my students play in my lesson? What did my students learn? How did they learn? ▪ Ways forward What could I have done differently? What can I explore in the next lesson? 32