Table of Contents Overview .................................................................................................................................. 2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 3 Rebar Works Materials ............................................................................................................. 4 Ceiling Works Materials ........................................................................................................... 6 Painting Works Materials ......................................................................................................... 8 Roofing Works Materials ........................................................................................................ 10 References: ............................................................................................................................ 12 Overview This activity outlines the materials, estimated costs, types, brands, and key considerations for a construction project in Philippines, encompassing painting, roofing, ceiling (metal furring), and rebar works, with reference to relevant ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) and AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials) standards where applicable. Painting Works Interior/exterior paints, primers, wood stains, and varnishes should comply with ASTM standards for performance, durability, and environmental impact (e.g., ASTM D4236 for artists' oils and alkyd paints, ASTM D4541 for latex paints). Estimated cost is PHP 30-80 per square meter (labor only), plus material costs. For key considerations, surface preparation and application techniques should follow ASTM standards (e.g., ASTM D4211 for evaluating the degree of surface chalk). Roofing Works Metal roofing, asphalt shingles, or fiber cement boards should meet ASTM standards for strength, fire resistance, and weatherability (e.g., ASTM D225 for asphalt shingles, ASTM C1185 for fiber cement). Estimated cost is PHP 150-600 per square meter (materials and labor). For key considerations, roof design and installation should comply with relevant building codes and consider local wind loads and other environmental factors. Ceiling Works (Metal Furring) Metal furring channels and accessories should comply with ASTM standards for strength and corrosion resistance (e.g., ASTM C645 for nonstructural steel framing members). Estimated cost is PHP 180-400 per square meter (materials and labor). For key considerations, installation should follow manufacturer's instructions and adhere to local building codes for fire safety and structural integrity. Rebar Works Deformed steel bars should conform to ASTM A615/A615M for the standard specification of deformed and plain carbon-steel bars for concrete reinforcement. Estimated cost is PHP 40-60 per kilogram of rebar, plus additional costs. For key considerations, rebar placement, spacing, and cover should adhere to ACI 318 (Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete) and local building codes. Overall Project Considerations must have Standards Compliance, Quality Assurance, and Professional Expertise. By adhering to recognized standards and prioritizing quality, the construction project can achieve a safe, durable, and high-performing result. Introduction In Philippines, natural beauty of the landscape inspires the creation of functional and aesthetically pleasing structures. I embark on a detailed exploration of the building blocks that shape our community. This endeavor delves into four fundamental aspects of construction: painting, roofing, ceiling installation, and rebar works, examining the essential materials, techniques, and considerations that underpin each process. Painting Works which is the art and science of painting transform bare surfaces into vibrant expressions of style and protection. This process involves a diverse array of materials, including interior and exterior paints, primers, wood stains, and varnishes. Local brands like Boysen, Davies, Nation, and Titan offer a wide range of options to suit different needs and preferences. The cost of painting typically ranges from PHP 30 to PHP 80 per square meter for labor, with additional expenses for materials like brushes, rollers, trays, drop cloths, and masking tape. Roofing Works referred to as shield against the elements, plays a crucial role in protecting our homes and businesses. In Philippines, popular roofing materials include long span and corrugated galvanized iron (G.I.) sheets, polycarbonate panels, asphalt shingles, fiber cement boards, and clay tiles. Brands like Union Galvasteel, Jacinto Color Steel, Philmetal, and Malabon Longspan are readily available in the local market. Roofing costs vary depending on the chosen material and quality, ranging from PHP 150 to PHP 600 per square meter, including materials and labor. Ceiling Works made of metal furring offer a versatile and durable solution for creating aesthetically pleasing and functional interiors. This process involves using metal furring channels, carriers, wall angles, and various ceiling boards like gypsum, PVC, or fiber cement. Brands like Knauf, BNBM, and Everest are popular choices in the Philippines. The cost of metal furring ceilings typically ranges from PHP 180 to PHP 400 per square meter, including materials and labor. Rebar Works, the unseen backbone of concrete structures and rebar reinforcement. It ensures strength, stability, and longevity. Deformed steel bars of various grades and sizes, along with tie wire, bar chairs, wire mesh, couplers, caps, stirrups, spacers, and other accessories, are essential for this process. Local brands like Pag-asa Steel Works and SteelAsia are readily available. Rebar prices typically range from PHP 40 to PHP 60 per kilogram, with additional costs for other materials and labor. Throughout this exploration, I will delve into the specific materials, tools, techniques, and considerations involved in each of these construction aspects. I will also highlight the importance quality and safety in every project. Rebar Works Materials Price (PHP) Category Name Rebar Pag-asa Grade 230 10mm Pag-asa Steel Works 42-48/kg Pag-asa Grade 275 12mm Pag-asa Steel Works 45-52/kg Pag-asa Grade 315 16mm Pag-asa Steel Works 48-55/kg SteelAsia Grade 230 20mm SteelAsia 43-50/kg SteelAsia Grade 275 25mm SteelAsia 46-53/kg SteelAsia Grade 315 28mm SteelAsia 49-56/kg PhilSteel Grade 230 32mm PhilSteel 44-51/kg PhilSteel Grade 275 36mm PhilSteel 47-54/kg PhilSteel Grade 315 40mm PhilSteel 50-57/kg Tie Wire 16 gauge Union 150200/roll Bar Chairs Plastic Megaform 2-5/piece Wire Mesh G.I. Wire Mesh Union 15002500/roll Rebar Couplers Sleeve Type Sika 150300/piece Rebar Caps Plastic Megaform 1-3/piece Rebar Stirrups Various sizes Pag-asa, SteelAsia Varies/kg Rebar Spacers Plastic/Concrete Various brands 1-5/piece Rebar Tying Tool Various brands 100-300 Rebar Accessories Type Brand (Local or International) Manual Tools & Equipment Consumables Rebar Cutter Bolt Cutter Rebar Bender Manual/Hydraulic Stanley, Black & 1500Decker 5000 Measuring Tape Steel Tape Bosch, Stanley 200-500 Spirit Level Magnetic Kapro, Stabila 300-800 Wheelbarrow Steel/Plastic Chito, Ace 15003000 Shovel Pointed/Square Chito, Ace 200-500 Mixing Pan (Batya) Plastic Local brands 100-300 Concrete Vibrator Needle Makita, Bosch 500010000 Concrete Mixer Electric/Gasoline Multiquip, Honda 1000030000 Safety Goggles Plastic 3M, Uvex 50-200 Binding Wire Galvanized Union 50100/roll Chalk Line Nylon Stanley, Irwin 100-200 Safety Gloves Leather Ansell, Honeywell 50150/pair Safety Helmet Plastic Uvex, JSP 200-500 Oil/Grease WD-40, 3-inOne 100-300 Lubricant Stanley, Truper 800-2000 Ceiling Works Materials Price (PHP) Category Name Main Components Metal Furring Channel Various sizes (C Channel, F Channel) Union, ABC 100-200/6 meters Metal Furring Carrier Various sizes Union, ABC 80-150/6 meters Wall Angle L-shaped Union, ABC 50-100/6 meters Ceiling Board Gypsum Board, PVC, Fiber Cement Knauf, BNBM, Everest 150350/piece Hanger Wire Galvanized steel wire Union, ABC 100150/roll Toggle Bolt Metal expansion bolt Hilti, Fischer 1020/piece Metal Screws Selfdrilling/Tapping Union, ABC 50100/pack Furring Nails Steel Nails Union, ABC 3050/pack Corner Bead Metal/Paper USG Boral, Knauf 50100/piece Tin Snips Metal Cutting Shears Stanley, Truper 200-500 Cordless Drill Battery-powered Makita, Bosch 30005000 Measuring Tape Steel Tape Bosch, Stanley 200-500 Spirit Level Magnetic Kapro, Stabila 300-800 Utility Knife Retractable Blade Stanley, Olfa 50-150 Hammer Claw Hammer Stanley, Chito 100-300 Accessories Tools & Equipment Type Brand (Local or International) Consumables Screwdriver Set Phillips & Flat Head Stanley, Bosch 200-500 Ladder Aluminum Extension Ladder Chito, Ace 20005000 Joint Compound Readymix/Powder Davies, Boysen 200400/pail Joint Tape Paper/Fiberglass USG Boral, Knauf 50100/roll Sandpaper Various Grits 3M, Norton 2050/sheet Pencil Carpenter Pencil Mongol, Faber Castell 1020/piece Painting Works Materials Category Paints Tools & Equipment Brand (Local or International) Price (PHP) Interior Wall Emulsion, Paint Acrylic Latex Boysen, Davies, Nation, Titan 5002000/gallon Exterior Wall Paint Emulsion, Acrylic, Elastomeric Boysen, Davies, Nation, Titan 7002500/gallon Wood & Metal Paint Enamel, OilBased, WaterBased Boysen, Davies, Nation, Titan 3001000/liter Primer Acrylic, OilBased Boysen, Davies, Nation, Titan 300800/liter Wood Stain Oil-Based, Water-Based Boysen, Davies, Nation, Titan 200500/liter Varnish Clear, Wood Finish Boysen, Davies, Nation, Titan 300800/liter Paint Brushes Various sizes Harris, Monarch, (1", 2", 3", etc.) Picasso 50300/piece Paint Rollers Various sizes (4", 9", 12") Harris, Monarch, Picasso 100500/piece Paint Trays Plastic Various brands 50200/piece Drop Cloths Canvas, Plastic Various brands 100300/piece Paint Can Opener Metal Various brands 20-50/piece Stir Sticks Wooden Various brands 10-20/pack Masking Tape Painter's Tape 3M, Scotch 50-100/roll Ladder Aluminum Extension Ladder Chito, Ace 2000-5000 Putty Knife Steel Blade Stanley, Truper 50-200 Name Type Consumables Extension Pole Telescoping Do it Best, Mr. LongArm 500-1500 Paint Edging Tool Plastic, Metal Shur-Line, 3M 50-150 Caulk Gun Manual Albion, Cox 100-300 Sandpaper Various Grits 3M, Norton 20-50/sheet Paint Thinner Mineral Spirits Boysen, Davies, Nation, Titan 100300/liter Rags/Cloth Cotton Various brands 50-100/pack Sponges Cellulose Scotch-Brite, 3M 20-50/piece Painter's Gloves Nitrile Ansell, Honeywell 50-100/pair Safety Goggles Plastic 3M, Uvex 50200/piece Painter's Tape Delicate Surface 3M, Scotch 80-150/roll Caulk Acrylic, Silicone Bostik, GE 100300/tube Wood Filler Solvent-Based, Water-Based Elmer's, Davies 50-200/can Roofing Works Materials Category Metal Roofing Other Materials Brand (Local or International) Price Range (PHP/sqm or unit) Name Type Union Galvasteel Longspan Pre-painted G.I. Union Galvasteel 150-250 Union Galvasteel Corrugated Pre-painted G.I. Union Galvasteel 120-200 Jacinto Color Steel Longspan Pre-painted G.I. Jacinto Color Steel 130-230 Jacinto Color Steel Corrugated Pre-painted G.I. Jacinto Color Steel 100-180 Metalink Tile Roof Metal Roof Tile Metalink 300-500 Decra Stone Coated Steel Stone Coated Steel Decra 400-600 Philmetal RibType G.I. Philmetal 100-150 Colorsteel Corrugated Pre-painted G.I. Colorsteel 120-200 Malabon Longspan Pre-painted G.I. Malabon Longspan 130-220 Buenaflor Corrugated G.I. G.I. Buenaflor 80-120 SuperGalv Corrugated G.I. G.I. SuperGalv 90-140 Galvalume 55% Aluminum-Zinc Alloy G.I. Various brands 110-180 Lysaght KLIPLOK Concealed Fix Lysaght 250-400 Metalink Spandek Standing Seam Metalink 350-550 Polylite Polycarbonate Solid/Multiwall Polylite 200-500 GAF Timberline HD Shingles Asphalt GAF 400-600 Onduline Bituminous Corrugated Sheets Bitumen Onduline 100-150 SCG Fiber Cement Board Fiber Cement SCG 180-250 KAWARA Clay Roof Tile Clay Tile KAWARA 500-800 G.I./Polycarbona te Union, Polylite 50150/meter Gutter G.I./PVC Union, Sanimold 100200/meter Downspout G.I./PVC Union, Sanimold 80150/meter Flashing G.I./Aluminum Union, DM Consunji Varies/mete r Sealants/Adhesiv es Silicone, Polyurethane Bostik, GE, Sikaflex 100300/tube Fasteners (Screws, Nails) G.I., Stainless Steel Union, ABC 30100/pack Roofing Nails G.I., Stainless Steel Union, ABC 20-50/pack Ventilation Turbo Metal Various brands 10003000/piece Roof Insulation Fiberglass, Rockwool Various brands Varies/sqm Safety Harness Nylon 3M, MSA Accessories Ridge Cap 5002000/set References: https://www.astm.org/ https://transportation.org/ https://psa.gov.ph/price-indices/cmwpi
