PLANTS ORGANS HAVE
TISSUES
OBJECTIVE
Identify and differentiate the
different plant tissues
Like animals, plants are made up of
different organs. Organs that allow
the plant to live and grow are called
vegetative organ.
These include the roots, stems and
leaves. The flowers, fruit and seeds
are reproductive organs.
The root anchors the plant to the soil for
support and absorbs water and minerals from
the soil.
The stem is the main axis of the plant
together with its branches. It functions to
support and to transport water and nutrients
absorbed by the roots to the leaves.
The leaves are responsible for the
manufacture of food by photosynthesis.
Compare to animals, plants have
fewer types of tissues. There are two
main types of tissues in plants:
meristematic and permanent tissue.
Permanent tissues are further
divided into surface (dermal),
fundamental (ground) and vascular
tissues.
MERISTIMATIC TISSUE ALLOWS GROWTH
A plant grows because it has
meristems which are made up of
embryonic tissues called
meristematic tissues.
Meristems are found in parts of the
plant where growth is faster.
MERISTIMATIC TISSUE ALLOWS GROWTH
1. Apical meristems- found at the tip of the
stems or roots that allow these organs to grow
longer.
 2. Lateral meristems (also called secondary
meristems) - are responsible for the increase
in girth of the stem, roots and branches.
3. Axillary buds or lateral buds- are found on
the nodes of stems and are involved in the
formation of branches.
SURFACE OR DERMAL TISSUE PROTECTS
Surface or dermal tissue covers and
protects the surface of the different plant
organs. The outer wall of the epidermis is
covered with a layer of cuticle which is made
up of a waxy substance that prevents water
loss called cutin.
 Guard cells are modified epidermal cells
found on leaves that function to open or close
the stomata. (singular: stoma) the leaf
opening for gas exchange.

FUNDAMENTAL TISSUE FILLS
 Fundamental or ground tissues
form the main bulk of plants. They
fill most of the spaces in any plant.
The cells that form the fundamental
tissues are involved in the
production and storage of food as
well as support for the plant.
THREE T YPES OF CELLS IN
FUNDAMENTAL TISSUE
 1. Parenchyma cells- best represent the typical plant
cell. They are thin- walled and usually have large
central vacuole. They are found in leaves, stems,
roots, flowers and fruits that usually act as food
storage.
 2. Collenchyma cell- mainly for support. They are
similar in structure to parenchyma cells except they
have a thicker wall which explains their functions for
support.
 3. Sclerenchyma cell- has a thick secondary wall in
addition to the primary cell wall. Most sclerenchyma
cells are non –living and function mainly to support
the mature parts of the plant.
VASCULAR TISSUE TRANSPORT
 Vascular tissues are
complex conducting tissues
extending from the roots to
the leaves of plants.