FERDINAND MAGELLAN
•
A Portuguese explorer who
successfully led the European expedition
to Philippines in the service of the king of
Spain.
ARRIVED ON MARCH 1521
-lands on Homonhon Islands with
three small ships
•
Conception, Trinidad and Victoria
• Magellan solemnly planted a
cross on the summit of a hill
overlooking the sea and
claimed for the king of Spain
possession of the islands he
had seen, naming them
Archipelago of Saint Lazarus.
THE BATTLE OF MACTAN
On the morning of April 27,1521
• Lapu-Lapu led 3,000
• warriors in a battle against Portuguese explorer and
conquistador Ferdinand Magellan who led a force of
forty-nine Spanish soldiers and 6,000 native warriors
from Cebu. During the battle Magellan and several of
his man were killed.
• After Magellan's voyage, subsequent expeditions were
dispatched to the islands.
•
Four expeditions were sent:
• Loaisa (1525)
• Cabot (1526)
• Saavedra (1527)
• Villalobos (1542);
• and Legazpi (1564) by Spain.
LAPU-LAPU was a
ruler of Mactan who is
known as the first native
of the archipelago to
have resisted the Spanish
Colonization.
MIGUEL LOPEZ DE LEGASPI
• arrived on February 13,1565
• established the first permanent
Spanish settlement on Cebu
• the first Spanish Governor-General
GENERAL GONZALO DE PEREIRA
-lead the portugese attack in Cebu
The Legazpi expedition was the
most successful as it resulted in the
discovery of the tornaviaje or
return trip to Mexico across the
Pacific by Andrés de Urdaneta.
REASONS FOR COLONIZATION
1.GOD-conversion of natives to
Christianity
2.GOLD-Accumulation of gold
and wealth
3.GLORY-Supremacy of Spain
over Portugal
Rise of Filipino Nationalism
The Death of Gomburza
Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jocinto Zamora
(Gomburza) was executed on February 17, 1872, charged
by subversion.
II. Early Resistance to the Spanish Rule
a.) Revolts Caused by the Desire to
Regain Lost Freedom
1.Revolt of Lakan Dula and Sulayman (1574)
2. First Pampanga Revolt (1585)
3. Tondo Conspiracy (1587-1588)
b.) Revolts Caused by Resistance to SpanishImposed Institutions
1. Magalat's Revolt (1596)
2. Revolt of the Irrayas (1621)
3. Sumuroy's Rebellion (1649-1650)
Rise of Filipino Nationalism
Divided into two groups:
• The exciles -a person banished from their native land.
• The illustrados- redefine Filipino national identity and advocate
for independence from Spain.
The Filipinos most prominent members:
•
•
•
•
•
Graciano Lopez Jaena,
Marcelo Del Pilar,
Jose Rizal,
Antonio Luna,
Mariano Ponce,
• Trinidad Pardo de Tavera
• Artemio Ricarte,
• Gregorio Aglipay,
• Santiago Alvarez,
• Apolinario Mabini,
• Emilio Aguinaldo, Ladislao Diwa
Rise of Filipino
Nationalism
The Katipunan primary aim was to
gain independence from Spain
through revolution.
Founded by Andres Bonifacio on July
7, 1892 -KKK "Katastaasang
Kagalanggalangang Katipuanan ng
mga Anak ng Bayan”
VIII. Spanish Era Ended
• "Treaty of Paris 1898"
• Spanish empire was virtually dissolved as the United States
took over much of Spain's overseas holdings.
• United States bought Philippines for $20 million thus
ending the
• With this treaty, Spanish rule in the Philippines formally
ended.
Literary Themes of Spanish Colonization
(1565-1898)
Colonialism and cultural encounter- A culture of colonialism is opposite
to a culture of encounter.
Religious influence and critique- Writings were intended to emancipate
the Filipinos from the fetters of the Spanish colonization.
Social hierarchies and class struggles- About severe marginalization,
discrimination, and oppression of the filipinos.
OTHER THEMES:
Nationalism and Resistance
Identity and Cultural Syncretism
Moral and Ethical Reflection
The State of Philippine literature during the
Spanish colonial period (1565-1898)
-Religious texts
-Plays
-Poems
-Folk songs
-Translating ancient Filipino folktales and Christian
doctrines into Tagalog.
-Spanish colonization also saw the rise of novels.
THE ROLE OF LITERATURE DURING
THE SPANISH ERA
The arrival of the Spaniards brought about
profound changes in Philippine society
particularly in the areas of religion, culture, and
social structure.
There are 7 points of Spanish Colonial Period
• Cultural exchange
•Religious conversion
• Economic exploitation
• Political control and administration
• Social hierarchy
• Legacy of language and literature
• Resistance and adaptation
Famous Literary Writers &
Their Works
Famous Literary Writers
& Their Works
3. Graciano Lopez Jaena
founded La Solidaridad
- Fray Botod,
- La Hija Del Fraile
- Ang Everything is Hambug
4. Mariano Ponce
(Kalipulako, Tikbalang, Naning)
Ang Alamat ng Bulacan,
Sobre Filipinos
5. Pedro Paterno Ninay
(1st social Novel in Filipino)
Sampaguitas y Poesias Varias
(Sampaguita and Varied Poems)
Jenny Estilo
Irish Diaz
Mark Ivan Madronal
Qeenah Oblifias