EARLY GREEK EDUCATION and ROMAN EDUCATION EDUC202:Foundation of Education Presented by: OABEL, REGBERTt N. Intended Learning Outcomes at the end of the lesson, the learners must be able to: • Recognize the theories and principles of psychology from which the principle of education are basically based. • Explain and illustrate the relation of sociological foundations of education. SPARTAN EDUCATION https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:L%C3%A9onidas_aux_Thermopyles_(JacquesLouis_David).PNG#/media/File:L%C3%A9onidas_aux_Thermopyles_(Jacques-Louis_David).PNG SPARTA • Sparta was also known as Lacedaemon. • It is also famous for its military power and loyal soldiers. • The greatest honor that a Spartan could offer his/her homeland is to die in war combat for men and die while giving birth to a Spartan offspring for women. The people belong to the three classes: • Dorians- “The Spartans themselves” -They were the only ones who had full rights of citizenship as well as education sponsored by the state. • Helots- The enslaved Greeks • Perioeci- They were not citizens but they lives in Sparta as free people. AGENCIES OF EDUCATION • The state was the sole agency of education. Every phase was controlled by the state. All financing was shouldered by the state. AIMS OF EDUCATION • The aim of for Spartans are military and discipline. The purpose of education in Sparta was to produce and maintain a powerful army that could defend their homeland. Aims of EDUCATION SPARTAN MEN 1. The boys learnt survival skills and other skills vital to being a soldier. • All male spartan were sent to military school at the age of six or seven. Throughout their training they were taught how to box, swim, wrestle, throw the javelin, hunt, fish, and throw the discus. 2. A Spartan soldier’s way of life is a cycle: “Lie, cheat, steal and get away with it.” • At the age of 18, Spartan boys had to go out into the world and still their food. The purpose of these exercise was for the soldiersto-be to learn how to be stealth and cunning as well as to prove that he could take care of himself when he become a soldier after he graduate. Aims of EDUCATION SPARTAN WOMEN EDUCATION OF SPARTAN WOMEN • Female Spartan children went to school at the age of seven. They were trained in their sisterhood and were taught physical education. They learned combat skills. The schools where female spartan were similar in many ways to the schools where Spartan boys attended which would then grow and become strong soldiers to serve their homeland. EDUCATION OF SPARTAN WOMEN • Female Spartan were taught gymnastics, wrestling, and calisthenics. It is in Spartan opinion that strong women produce strong babies which would then grow into strong soldiers that would serve the state. At the age of 18, they have to pass a fitness test. If she passed, a husband was assigned to her and she was allowed to go home. However, if she failed, she will become one of the perioeci. Unlike other city-states, Spartan women are independent and free willed as well as good fighters. METHODS OF INSTRUCTION • Education was training, not school instruction. • The pupils learned by participating in the activities. They learn by doing. The were no books. • Testing was not for memory but for moral life and endurance. • Discipline and training were severe, food was scantly, theft was encourage to supliment food but thieves should not get caught; there was corporal punishment for moral delinquency and lack of alertness. • Motivation was enhanced by rivalry, emulation of great men and great deeds and most of all fear of public disposal. TYPES OF EDUCATION • >> Physical education was rigid to make the Spartan strong, especially in combat. • >> Military education was rigid. All the skills in combat known at that time were learned to the utmost. It was said that any enemy combatants could not pierce the Spartan military phalanx. • >> Moral training was taken in connection with group living. Stealing was not a crime but if caught, the thief was severely punished. • >> There was very little intellectual training just enough to understand the laws of Lycurgus and some Homeric writings. TYPES OF EDUCATION • >> Music education was to arouse patriotism. • >> Gymnastic education was for the girls to make them strong to bear children. • >> There was no vocation education because the slaves called Helot or Perioeci (Dwellers around) who numbered almost thirty to one Spartan did all the non-skilled labor for the Spartans. The helots were not considered citizens. OUTSTANDING CONSTIBUTION TO EDUCATION •The development of patriotism, discipline, and military education were the outstanding OUTSTANDING CONSTIBUTION TO EDUCATION • Learning to respect elders, parents, and mentors. THANK YOU References • Tulio, D. (2011) Historical, Philosophical, and Legal Foundations of Education II (Second Edition). (p19-20). C&E Publishing, Inc. • San Mate, R. and Tangco, M. (2003) Foundations of Education II Historical, Philosophical, and Legal Foundations of Education II (Third Edition). (p8-10). KATHA Publishing Co., Inc. https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=ybtcVVHEBwC&pg=PR7&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=2#v= onepage&q&f=false Online Reference • Iacob, A. (2021). The Role of Spartan Womenin Ancient Greece. Retrieved from https://www.thecollector.com/role-spartan-womenancientgreece/?fbclid=IwAR2m4pDR7mbbTIWB6PS3FLOv1Ci0mcsCPMRzr HKOa7nkdSQhFTIGtIXCQ-A • Gallardo, R. (2014). Overview of Ancient Education. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/rhamylle13/overview-of-ancienteducation • Educational Research. Education in Ancient Sparta Retrieved from https://educationalresearchtechniques.com/2018/07/11/education -in-ancient-sparta/ Online Reference • plaza.ufl.edu. http://plaza.ufl.edu/tlombard/spaeducation.html?fbclid=IwAR0pi34VBSFH 8eg_7m0FZiZRqDtVF_NRwksKrthhDwyivSUHjoQe9wTGehQ#:~:text=Sparta n%20Education%20%26%20Military%20Training&text=Throughout%20the ir%20adolescent%20and%20teenage,harden%20themselves%20to%20the %20elements • greece.mrdonn.org. https://greece.mrdonn.org/education.html?fbclid=IwAR0OHkbw5fTeZVeb_5_cuTPzORlESIsBH5xyIEEnAZVT91WIctBZizKZGY#:~:text=The%20 purpose%20of%20education%20in%20Sparta%20was%20to%20produce% 20and,very%20important%20except%20for%20messages