 TITLE
 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
 HYPOTHESIS
 DEFINITION OF TERMS
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION
What are the standards in writing the
research title? A research title must …
1. List key variables
2. Be written in scientific or technical style
3. Be concise (no more than 12 words) and non-
repetitive
4. Reflect SHS students’ context
5. Not explicitly provide reference
research design
to
the
This is the description that leads the reader to
understanding the research questions and appreciates
why they are asked. In writing this section you need to:

1. Introduce
and briefly define the variables under the
study
2. Cite the most important study or related literature
3. Be consistent with terms used
4. Ensure that paragraphs summarize unresolved issues,
conflicting findings, social concerns, or educational,
national or international issues.
5. Write the last paragraph to highlight the research
gap.
6. It must be in a form of Narrative Hook:
It serves the important function of
drawing the reader into a study. Causes the
reader to:

 Pay attention
 Elicit emotional or attitudinal responses,
 Spark interest, and
 Encourage the reader to continue reading
the study
This section contains the purpose statements
and the research question(s)
“This study (or research) aims to … (make congruent
with title).”
“Specifically, this research (or study) seeks to answer
the following questions.”
Phrase questions with the data to be collected
in mind. Answer the data and rephrase questions, if
your intended answer does not match the question.
This study generally aims to determine if SHS students’
use of social media possess significant relationship with their
attention span during their work immersion.

Specifically, this study shall seek answers to the following
questions:
1. What is the level of social media usage of grade 12
students of Calbayog City Schools Division in terms of:
1. of social media;
2. frequency of social media use;
3. mode of social media use?
2. What is the attention span in class of grade 12 students of
Calbayog City Schools Division?
 Is there a significant relationship between the frequency of
social media use and the attention span of Grade 12
students of Calbayog City Schools Division?
This portion justifies the rationale for the
investigation (Castillo, 2001).Theory/ies on
which the study is premised should be cited in
order to establish the relationship among the
variable/s
in
the
study.
Thorough
documentation on the sources of the
theory/ies cited should be made.


The researcher is working on a research titled
“Determinants of Job Satisfaction and Productivity
Level of Senior High School Students during their
Work Immersion for the SY 2021-2022 in Schools
Division of Calbayog City.”
The variables in the study are “Job Satisfaction”
and “Productivity”, underscoring Maslow’s Theory of
Motivation and McClelland’s Theory, some of the
theories on motivation which discuss the level of
motivation
influencing
job
satisfaction
and
productivity.

Step 1. Facts observed
Step 2. Evolvement of the researcher’s
own theory
Citing well-known authority –
sources to support the researcher’s
evolved theory.
Step 3.
This refers to the researcher’s concepts or ideas in
carrying out the study as it relates to the theoretical
framework. Various consideration in the formulation of the
researcher’s own concept is placed on the localized
situation. That is, making the theoretical framework more
applicable to local situation and workable.


A conceptual paradigm is made usually consisting of
inputs, process, and outputs (Castillo, 2001).
This
paradigm should be explained in detail by the researcher.
This should serve as an inductive approach towards the
specific statement of the problem in the study.
These
are
statements
of
“no
significant
relationship/difference” which is mainly a negation of the
second level specific problem statements.
The order or arrangements of the statements follow
from the second level specific problem statements.
 Example:
 H0:
There is no significant relationship between the
determinants of Job satisfaction and productivity level of
Senior High School students during their Immersion for
the SY 2021-2022 in the Schools Division of Calbayog
City.
 Researchers should remember the following points in
formulating the section on definition of terms:
 This section provides a definition for the terms
repeatedly used throughout the discussion which is
usually the variables of the study. The definition
usually starts with and followed by the conceptual
definition/operational definition.
 Conceptual definition is mostly concerned with
attributing authorities like books, magazines, etc.,
including unpublished materials (Vizcarra, 2003).
 Operational definition of terms is done when a researcher
defines the terms as he uses them in the study (Vizcarra,
2003). They can be defined according to the measurements
of variables.
 Technical studies usually define terms as an explanatory
device (Vizcarra, 2003). Example:
 Socio-economic status. This is often measured as a
combination of education, income and occupation. It is
commonly conceptualized as the social standing or class of
an individual or a group(www.apa.org). In this study, it pertains
to the family background such as the history of parents’
occupation (combine and net income), social affiliation, size of
the family, attitudes of the parents towards education, parent’s
attendance and participation in school activities.
 States the audience who will benefit from a
study of the problem and explains how exactly
will be the results be significant to them. In
writing this section, in a paragraph form, cite
beneficiaries (e.g., students, community, school
administrators, parents or teachers) of the study.
 For
each beneficiary group, specifically
describe how it will benefit from the findings.
 Teachers. The results of this study would give
insights to the core problems posted in their roles as
front liners.
 Administrators. This study may provide valuable
information in order to implement the enhancement
programs and improve their academic instruction.
 This presents the coverage of the research in terms of
locations, time, respondents, etc., and the potential
weaknesses or problems with the study identified by
the researcher. In writing this section:
 Cite data collection
 Identify school involved, number of classes, their
grade /year level, number of participants (or
respondents, subjects), and topics of lesson covered.
 State inadequate measures of variables, loss or lack
of participants, small sample sizes, errors in
measurement, and other factors typically related to
data collection and analysis.

The respondents of the study were the SHS Grade
12 students who were deployed for SHS Work
Immersion. These students have grades not below 80
in the public secondary schools in Schools Division of
Calbayog City for SY 2021-2022.