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CSEC Caribbean History June 2015 P032

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FORM TP 2015053
C A R I B B E A N
TEST CODE
E X A M I N A T I O N S
01210032
MAY/JUNE 2015
C O U N C I L
CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE®
EXAMINATION
CARIBBEAN HISTORY
Paper 032 – General Proficiency
2 hours
READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.
1.
This paper consists of FIVE questions. Answer ALL questions.
2.
Study the source material provided carefully before attempting to answer any
of the questions. You will need to use information from the sources as well as
your own knowledge to answer the questions.
3.
You will be given credit for answers that are fully developed, well reasoned
and expressed in clear, grammatical language.
4.
You are advised to read through the paper and plan your answers.
5.
If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do so on the
original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back of this
booklet. Remember to draw a line through your original answer.
6.
If you use the extra page(s) you MUST write the question number clearly
in the box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where relevant,
include the question part beside the answer.
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Copyright © 2014 Caribbean Examinations Council
All rights reserved.
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Study the FIVE sources below which relate to the establishment of the peasantry, 1838 to 1900, and
then answer ALL the questions that follow.
SOURCE I
GUYANA
Governor Henry Light to Lord Russell (Secretary of State for the Colonies): Despatch No.185 of
November 18, 1839
It may not be misplaced to mention here, the enterprise of the lately emancipated
class — six of whom have bought an abandoned estate named Northbrook on the East
Coast of Demerara for which they paid thirty thousand guilders they are about to replant
it with sugar.
It … speaks volumes against the determined idleness of the Negro… it is also proof that
a preference is shown to the cultivated parts of the Colony, rather than retreat to distant
parts where the same money would have procured them twice the number of acres from
the Crown.
GUYANA
SOURCE II
The system of Freeholds appears one of the crying evils of the day, and is indeed little better than
a licensed system of squatting. Where whole districts present but a scene of abandoned estates,
it is very easy to purchase land [cheaply], and thus members combining, deserted plantations are
bought up and villages quickly formed in their sites. There are great numbers too, who strictly
speaking, squat up the rivers and creeks, that is, settle themselves on crown land without any title
whatever.
The forest teeming with game and the rivers with fish, afford them plentiful subsistence, and the
ground with little tillage yields them an abundant supply of provisions. They carry on a small trade
in firewood, charcoal, etc. But by day the greatest part of their lives is spent in absolute idleness.
Report on British Guiana in the “Report of the British Government’s Select Committee on Sugar 1848”
in S.C. Gordon, Caribbean Generations, A CXC History Source Book,
Longman Caribbean, 1983, p .154.
ANTIGUA
SOURCE III
A female proprietor … was advised to sell off part of her property in small lots... The labourers in
the neighbourhood bought up all the little freeholds with extreme eagerness, made their payments
faithfully, and lost no time in settling on the spots which they had purchased. They soon framed
their houses and brought their gardens into useful cultivation with yams, bananas, plantains,
pineapples, and other fruits and vegetables including plots of sugar cane. In this way Augusta and
Liberta sprang up as if by magic. It was a sense of contentment and happiness: and I may certainly
add of industry, for those little freeholds occupied only the leisure hours in working their own
grounds...
Gurney: “A Winter in the West Indies” in S.C. Gordon, Caribbean Generations,
A CXC History Source Book, Longman Caribbean, 1983, pp. 149–150.
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JAMAICA
I quote here some of the minor articles grown or collected now exclusively by small settlers, and
institute a comparison between the exportation in 1859 and exportation before emancipation had
taken effect.
1834
1859
Logwood
8,432
14,006
Fustic (tons)
2,120
2,329
Mahogany (feet)
1,936
35,000
Succades (cwt)
none
279
Cocoanuts (number)
none
712, 913
Ebony (tons)
none
25
Beeswax (cwt)
none
770
Honey (gallons)
none
6 954
Pimento (lb)
3,590,000 (1841)
7,465,000
Adapted from: Sewell, “The Ordeal of Free Labour, 1861” in S.C. Gordon, Caribbean Generations,
A CXC History Source Book, Longman Caribbean, 1983, p.151.
SOURCE V
GRENADA
Even now Grenada abounds more in fruit, especially the most prized — the orange and its
varieties, and the pineapple, they say of the British Antilles. From the convenient position
of that island about midway between St. Vincent and Tobago and between Barbados and
Trinidad with excellent ports. This island is ...well adapted for trade, and possesses more
than ordinary facilities for exporting its excess of produce, especially fruits of which and
of vegetables, even now large quantities are sent weekly to Trinidad and Barbados.
Davy, “The West Indies Before and Since Emancipation” in S.C. Gordon,
Caribbean Generations, A CXC History Source Book,
Longman Caribbean, 1983, p.151.
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1.
With reference to Sources I–V, list THREE economic activities used by Caribbean peasants to
sustain themselves after Emancipation.
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(3 marks)
2.
(a)
Name the group whose views are MOST likely represented in Source II?
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(1 mark)
(b)
Outline TWO factors which might explain the difference in the views expressed about
peasant development in Guyana in Sources I and II.
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(2 marks)
3.
(a)
With reference to Sources I–V, outline THREE characteristics that were common to
peasant development in the Caribbean.
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(3 marks)
(b) “But by day the greatest part of their lives is spent in absolute idleness.” Give TWO
pieces of evidence from Sources I, III, IV and V that contradict this statement made in
Source II?
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(4 marks)
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Using the information provided in Source IV, state TWO ways in which peasant cultivation
contributed to the Jamaican economy.
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(2 marks)
5.
Discuss FIVE obstacles faced by freed Africans in their quest to establish themselves as independent
peasants.
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(20 marks)
Total 35 marks
END OF TEST
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.
The Council has made every effort to trace copyright holders. However, if any have been inadvertently
overlooked, or any material incorrectly acknowledged, CXC will be pleased to correct this at the earliest
opportunity.
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